A+ 2025/2026
1. A 45-year-old pa ent is found supine on the floor. Healthcare providers note pinpoint pupils,
shallow respira ons, and vomitus in and around the mouth. What course of ac on should be
taken next? - Correct Answers b. Supplemental oxygen and suc on
2. Pa ents with a history of COPD that present with an acute onset of shortness of breath are
likely to have what condi on? - Correct Answers a. Pulmonary embolism
3. During compensatory shock, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is ac vated to cause
a/an: - Correct Answers a. Increase in preload, a/erload, and re-absorp on of sodium
4. What clinical findings are most commonly associated with a pulmonary embolus? - Correct
Answers a. Clear breath sounds with tachypnea
5. What condi on is most likely to cause respiratory acidosis? - Correct Answers b. Narco c
overdose
6. A 55-year-old complains of an 'aching' chest discomfort that persists over several days. The
pa ent has a temperature of 101F (38.3C). Which finding will help narrow the diagnosis to
pericardi s? - Correct Answers d. ST-segment eleva on in all leads
7. Anaphylaxis is most associated with which physiological event? - Correct Answers b.
Vasodila on
8. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by what pathological change? -
Correct Answers c. Breakdown of the alveolar-capillary membrane
, 9. Con nuous posi ve airway pressure would be most beneficial in trea ng which pa ent? -
Correct Answers b. A 22yo with severe asthma who is not responding to nebulizer treatments
10. What is the ini al treatment for a pa ent experiencing hyperosmolar hyperglycemic
nonketo c coma (HHNC)? - Correct Answers a. Crystalloid IV fluid administra on
11. Your pa ent has had a seizure secondary to a nerve agent exposure. What medica on
would be best to diminish the seizure? - Correct Answers c. Midazolam
12. Respiratory alkalosis may occur as a result of: - Correct Answers a. Fever and anxiety
13. An age-related change that increases the risk of respiratory compromise is: - Correct
Answers c. Decrease in lung compliance
14. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is most common in pa ents with a history of: - Correct
Answers a. Le/-sided heart failure (?)
15. The pa ent presents with a history of fever and an upper respiratory infec on. Historical
informa on reveals increasing water intake, orthosta c hypotension, and an increase in
urina on. You suspect these symptoms are caused by: - Correct Answers a. Hyperglycemia
16. You are dispatched to the home of a 32yo pa ent with a history of Graves' disease. The
pa ent was in the ER earlier today for some "tests for my ulcers." He received contrast and was
discharged. He is now complaining of not feeling well, chest pain, and palpita ons. You note an
anxious pa ent with fine tremors. He is diaphore c and has a temperature of 101.5F, BP
100/62, P 156 (sinus tach), R 30, glucose level 133. Which of the following are management
considera ons for this pa ent? - Correct Answers d. Beta Blockers
17. Metabolic acidosis is best described by which arterial blood gas interpreta on? - Correct
Answers b. pH decreased, pCO2 decreased, H2CO3 low (?)