NRSG 3420 Practice Q's Exam 3 With Complete Solutions
A patient complains of difficulty urinating and lower
abdominal pain. The nurse notes a distended bladder and
hydronephrosis on ultrasound. What type of AKI does this
indicate?
A. Prerenal
B. Intrarenal
C. Postrenal
D. Nephrotic syndrome
C. Postrenal
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for a patient
with prerenal AKI caused by hypovolemia?
A. Monitor for signs of fluid overload
B. Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed
C. Encourage high potassium foods
D. Restrict fluid intake
B. Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed
A patient with intrarenal AKI caused by nephrotoxic
medications is at risk for which complication that the nurse
should monitor closely?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Fluid volume overload
,C. Urinary obstruction
D. Dehydration
B. Fluid volume overload
Which assessment finding would most likely indicate
postrenal AKI?
A. Oliguria with no signs of obstruction
B. Flank pain with hematuria and decreased urine output
C. Edema and hypertension without urinary symptoms
D. Elevated BUN and creatinine with normal urine flow
B. Flank pain with hematuria and decreased urine output
A patient presents with dysuria, frequency, and suprapubic pain.
Urinalysis reveals positive leukocyte esterase and nitrites. What
is the nurse's priority intervention?
A. Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake
B. Administer prescribed antibiotics promptly
C. Teach the patient to avoid urinating frequently
D. Schedule a kidney biopsy
B. Administer prescribed antibiotics promptly
A child diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome has severe edema
and hypoalbuminemia. Which nursing intervention is most
important?
A. Monitor daily weights and measure abdominal girth
B. Encourage a high-sodium diet to maintain blood pressure
C. Limit protein intake to reduce kidney workload
D. Administer diuretics without monitoring electrolytes
,A. Monitor daily weights and measure abdominal girth
A patient with diabetes and early nephropathy asks about ways
to slow kidney damage. Which statement by the nurse is most
appropriate?
A. "Control your blood sugar and blood pressure carefully."
B. "You should increase your protein intake."
C. "Stop all medications once kidney tests normalize."
D. "There is no way to slow kidney damage once it starts."
A. "Control your blood sugar and blood pressure carefully."
A patient with recent streptococcal infection develops
hematuria, hypertension, and facial edema. What is the nurse's
priority assessment?
A. Monitor blood pressure and neurologic status closely
B. Encourage increased fluid intake to flush kidneys
C. Teach the patient to avoid all physical activity
D. Prepare the patient for immediate dialysis
A. Monitor blood pressure and neurologic status closely
A patient presents with severe flank pain radiating to the groin,
nausea, and hematuria. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
A. Administer prescribed pain medication and encourage oral
fluids
B. Prepare the patient for immediate surgery
C. Restrict fluid intake to reduce stone movement
D. Encourage ambulation without pain management
A. Administer prescribed pain medication and encourage oral
fluids
, A patient with a history of calcium oxalate stones asks how to
prevent recurrence. Which dietary recommendation should the
nurse provide?
A. Increase intake of oxalate-rich foods like spinach and nuts
B. Limit fluid intake to prevent kidney overload
C. Maintain adequate hydration and limit sodium intake
D. Avoid all dairy products
C. Maintain adequate hydration and limit sodium intake
A patient who recently had a kidney transplant reports fever,
tenderness over the transplant site, and decreased urine output.
What should the nurse do first?
A. Administer prescribed antipyretics and observe
B. Notify the transplant team immediately for possible rejection
C. Encourage the patient to drink more fluids
D. Document findings and continue routine care
B. Notify the transplant team immediately for possible rejection
Which teaching point is essential for a patient discharged after
kidney transplant?
A. Avoid all vaccinations post-transplant
B. Strictly adhere to immunosuppressive medication schedule
C. Increase protein intake without restrictions
D. Stop medications once feeling well
B. Strictly adhere to immunosuppressive medication schedule
A patient with a kidney transplant develops hypertension and
edema two weeks post-op. What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Administer antihypertensive medications as ordered and
A patient complains of difficulty urinating and lower
abdominal pain. The nurse notes a distended bladder and
hydronephrosis on ultrasound. What type of AKI does this
indicate?
A. Prerenal
B. Intrarenal
C. Postrenal
D. Nephrotic syndrome
C. Postrenal
Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for a patient
with prerenal AKI caused by hypovolemia?
A. Monitor for signs of fluid overload
B. Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed
C. Encourage high potassium foods
D. Restrict fluid intake
B. Administer intravenous fluids as prescribed
A patient with intrarenal AKI caused by nephrotoxic
medications is at risk for which complication that the nurse
should monitor closely?
A. Hypokalemia
B. Fluid volume overload
,C. Urinary obstruction
D. Dehydration
B. Fluid volume overload
Which assessment finding would most likely indicate
postrenal AKI?
A. Oliguria with no signs of obstruction
B. Flank pain with hematuria and decreased urine output
C. Edema and hypertension without urinary symptoms
D. Elevated BUN and creatinine with normal urine flow
B. Flank pain with hematuria and decreased urine output
A patient presents with dysuria, frequency, and suprapubic pain.
Urinalysis reveals positive leukocyte esterase and nitrites. What
is the nurse's priority intervention?
A. Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake
B. Administer prescribed antibiotics promptly
C. Teach the patient to avoid urinating frequently
D. Schedule a kidney biopsy
B. Administer prescribed antibiotics promptly
A child diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome has severe edema
and hypoalbuminemia. Which nursing intervention is most
important?
A. Monitor daily weights and measure abdominal girth
B. Encourage a high-sodium diet to maintain blood pressure
C. Limit protein intake to reduce kidney workload
D. Administer diuretics without monitoring electrolytes
,A. Monitor daily weights and measure abdominal girth
A patient with diabetes and early nephropathy asks about ways
to slow kidney damage. Which statement by the nurse is most
appropriate?
A. "Control your blood sugar and blood pressure carefully."
B. "You should increase your protein intake."
C. "Stop all medications once kidney tests normalize."
D. "There is no way to slow kidney damage once it starts."
A. "Control your blood sugar and blood pressure carefully."
A patient with recent streptococcal infection develops
hematuria, hypertension, and facial edema. What is the nurse's
priority assessment?
A. Monitor blood pressure and neurologic status closely
B. Encourage increased fluid intake to flush kidneys
C. Teach the patient to avoid all physical activity
D. Prepare the patient for immediate dialysis
A. Monitor blood pressure and neurologic status closely
A patient presents with severe flank pain radiating to the groin,
nausea, and hematuria. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
A. Administer prescribed pain medication and encourage oral
fluids
B. Prepare the patient for immediate surgery
C. Restrict fluid intake to reduce stone movement
D. Encourage ambulation without pain management
A. Administer prescribed pain medication and encourage oral
fluids
, A patient with a history of calcium oxalate stones asks how to
prevent recurrence. Which dietary recommendation should the
nurse provide?
A. Increase intake of oxalate-rich foods like spinach and nuts
B. Limit fluid intake to prevent kidney overload
C. Maintain adequate hydration and limit sodium intake
D. Avoid all dairy products
C. Maintain adequate hydration and limit sodium intake
A patient who recently had a kidney transplant reports fever,
tenderness over the transplant site, and decreased urine output.
What should the nurse do first?
A. Administer prescribed antipyretics and observe
B. Notify the transplant team immediately for possible rejection
C. Encourage the patient to drink more fluids
D. Document findings and continue routine care
B. Notify the transplant team immediately for possible rejection
Which teaching point is essential for a patient discharged after
kidney transplant?
A. Avoid all vaccinations post-transplant
B. Strictly adhere to immunosuppressive medication schedule
C. Increase protein intake without restrictions
D. Stop medications once feeling well
B. Strictly adhere to immunosuppressive medication schedule
A patient with a kidney transplant develops hypertension and
edema two weeks post-op. What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Administer antihypertensive medications as ordered and
