NFS 1020 Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions
3 different ways to find whole grains in food products Correct
Answers Look at the label (Wheat = made with some part of
the wheat kernel, likely refined; Whole wheat = made with the
entire wheat kernel, refined flour is usually added; 100% whole
wheat = made only with the entire wheat kernel, no refined flour
added), Carbohydrate-to-fiber ratio (Look for products with a
ratio less than 10:1; Most white flour has a ratio of 20:1), and
look if the product contains a stamp (Basic stamp= 8g of whole
grains; 100% stamp= all ingredients are whole grains)
According to the 2020 DGAs, how much of our grain intake
should be from whole grains? Correct Answers Half of our
grain intake
Added sugar calculation by label Correct Answers Grams of
sugar per bottle/container divided by 4
Be able to distinguish between linoleic and linolenic acid.
Correct Answers Linoleic- Omega 6; Linolenic- Omega 3
Carbohydrates Correct Answers Macronutrients made up of
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with a hydrogen-oxygen atom
ratio of 2:1; Include sugars, starch, and cellulose.
CHO digestion Correct Answers The body uses enzymes to
break down carbs:
- Mouth--> Salivary amylase breaks starches into shorter
polysaccharides
-Stomach--> None
, -Small intestine--> Pancreatic amylase breaks starch into
disaccharides and oligosaccharides
Intestinal cells secrete three enzymes which break disaccharides
into monosaccharides:
-Sucrase--> Breaks down sucrose into glucose + fructose
-Maltase--> Breaks down maltose into glucose + glucose
-Lactase--> Breaks down lactose into glucose + galactose
Complex carbohydrates Correct Answers Starches found in
grains, potatoes, and vegetables; Oligosaccharides (chains of 3-
10 glucose molecules) and polysaccharides (long chains of 10 or
more glucose molecules usually found in starch, fiber, and
glycogen)
Describe a fatty acid. What are they made up of? Correct
Answers Primary components of both triglycerides and
phospholipids made up of a hydrocarbon chain (That means they
are just chains of carbons and hydrogens bonded together)
Describe the differences between soluble and insoluble fiber.
Describe the differences between dietary and functional fiber.
Correct Answers Soluble fiber dissolves in water, forms a
viscous gel, and is digested by bacteria in the colon. Insoluble
fiber does not dissolve in water, contributes bulk to the stool,
promotes regular bowel movements, and softens stools. Dietary
fiber is naturally in intact plant foods. Functional fiber is added
to a food product and have similar health benefits to dietary
fiber.
Describe the structure of a triglyceride. What are the functions
of triglycerides in the body? Correct Answers Made up of 3
3 different ways to find whole grains in food products Correct
Answers Look at the label (Wheat = made with some part of
the wheat kernel, likely refined; Whole wheat = made with the
entire wheat kernel, refined flour is usually added; 100% whole
wheat = made only with the entire wheat kernel, no refined flour
added), Carbohydrate-to-fiber ratio (Look for products with a
ratio less than 10:1; Most white flour has a ratio of 20:1), and
look if the product contains a stamp (Basic stamp= 8g of whole
grains; 100% stamp= all ingredients are whole grains)
According to the 2020 DGAs, how much of our grain intake
should be from whole grains? Correct Answers Half of our
grain intake
Added sugar calculation by label Correct Answers Grams of
sugar per bottle/container divided by 4
Be able to distinguish between linoleic and linolenic acid.
Correct Answers Linoleic- Omega 6; Linolenic- Omega 3
Carbohydrates Correct Answers Macronutrients made up of
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen with a hydrogen-oxygen atom
ratio of 2:1; Include sugars, starch, and cellulose.
CHO digestion Correct Answers The body uses enzymes to
break down carbs:
- Mouth--> Salivary amylase breaks starches into shorter
polysaccharides
-Stomach--> None
, -Small intestine--> Pancreatic amylase breaks starch into
disaccharides and oligosaccharides
Intestinal cells secrete three enzymes which break disaccharides
into monosaccharides:
-Sucrase--> Breaks down sucrose into glucose + fructose
-Maltase--> Breaks down maltose into glucose + glucose
-Lactase--> Breaks down lactose into glucose + galactose
Complex carbohydrates Correct Answers Starches found in
grains, potatoes, and vegetables; Oligosaccharides (chains of 3-
10 glucose molecules) and polysaccharides (long chains of 10 or
more glucose molecules usually found in starch, fiber, and
glycogen)
Describe a fatty acid. What are they made up of? Correct
Answers Primary components of both triglycerides and
phospholipids made up of a hydrocarbon chain (That means they
are just chains of carbons and hydrogens bonded together)
Describe the differences between soluble and insoluble fiber.
Describe the differences between dietary and functional fiber.
Correct Answers Soluble fiber dissolves in water, forms a
viscous gel, and is digested by bacteria in the colon. Insoluble
fiber does not dissolve in water, contributes bulk to the stool,
promotes regular bowel movements, and softens stools. Dietary
fiber is naturally in intact plant foods. Functional fiber is added
to a food product and have similar health benefits to dietary
fiber.
Describe the structure of a triglyceride. What are the functions
of triglycerides in the body? Correct Answers Made up of 3
