FCCN level 1 Exam Questions & Answers | With Well Elaborated and Veri
Questions |100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!!
1. minimum urine output for adult 0.5mL/kg/hr
2. ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
3. ADH pathway - hypothalamus senses low blood volumed and
increased serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and de-
creases serum osmolality
4. ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) - cardiac hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and
reducing intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
5. hydrostatic pressure - forces fluids and solutes through the capillary wall
and into the tissue spaces
6. colloid osmotic pressure - pulling force of albumin in the intravascular
spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
, FCCN level 1 Exam Questions & Answers | With Well Elaborated and Veri
Questions |100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!!
7. maintenance fluid therapy - replaces normal ongoing losses of water and
electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
8. replacement therapy - corrects any existing water and or electrolyte
deficits
9. isotonic fluids - tonicity equal to plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally
concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
10. hypotonic fluids - lower concentration of solutes in the vasculature
than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes
(CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
11. hypertonic fluid - higher concentration of solutes in the vasculature
than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL
SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
12. colloids - pull fluid into bloodstream
, FCCN level 1 Exam Questions & Answers | With Well Elaborated and Veri
Questions |100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!!
Albumin
- 5% is osmotically equal to plasma
- 25% draws 4 times the normal volume into the
circulation
13. blood - not a risk free fluid replacement
- this is liquid transplant
14. third spacing - fluid is not lost from the body but the fluid is not
available for use in the intracellular or extracellular
compartments (fluid is in between tissues/cells)
- this patient is intravascularly dry and still needs
more fluid
-
15. can you give platelets through the - no it will aggreggate the platelets
ranger
16. hyponatremia - less than 135 -145
- weakness
- abdominal cramping/leg cramps
- dizzy
- change in LOC
- seizures
17. different ways to treat hyponatremia - hypovolemic (give IV fluid)
- euvolemic (fluid restriction)
- hypervolemic (diuretic)
Questions |100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!!
1. minimum urine output for adult 0.5mL/kg/hr
2. ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
3. ADH pathway - hypothalamus senses low blood volumed and
increased serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and de-
creases serum osmolality
4. ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) - cardiac hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and
reducing intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
5. hydrostatic pressure - forces fluids and solutes through the capillary wall
and into the tissue spaces
6. colloid osmotic pressure - pulling force of albumin in the intravascular
spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
, FCCN level 1 Exam Questions & Answers | With Well Elaborated and Veri
Questions |100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!!
7. maintenance fluid therapy - replaces normal ongoing losses of water and
electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
8. replacement therapy - corrects any existing water and or electrolyte
deficits
9. isotonic fluids - tonicity equal to plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally
concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
10. hypotonic fluids - lower concentration of solutes in the vasculature
than in the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes
(CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
11. hypertonic fluid - higher concentration of solutes in the vasculature
than in the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL
SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
12. colloids - pull fluid into bloodstream
, FCCN level 1 Exam Questions & Answers | With Well Elaborated and Veri
Questions |100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!!
Albumin
- 5% is osmotically equal to plasma
- 25% draws 4 times the normal volume into the
circulation
13. blood - not a risk free fluid replacement
- this is liquid transplant
14. third spacing - fluid is not lost from the body but the fluid is not
available for use in the intracellular or extracellular
compartments (fluid is in between tissues/cells)
- this patient is intravascularly dry and still needs
more fluid
-
15. can you give platelets through the - no it will aggreggate the platelets
ranger
16. hyponatremia - less than 135 -145
- weakness
- abdominal cramping/leg cramps
- dizzy
- change in LOC
- seizures
17. different ways to treat hyponatremia - hypovolemic (give IV fluid)
- euvolemic (fluid restriction)
- hypervolemic (diuretic)
