BIO 212 Module 4 Homework Exam Questions and Answers Fully Solved Latest Version 2025-
2026
The unexpressed regions of split genes are called _________. - Answers Introns
If chromosomal DNA from a host and phage DNA are carried by a transducing particle, what can
be concluded regarding transduction in this case? - Answers Transduction in this case is
specialized rather than generalized.
In terms of transcription regulation, the role of a helix-turn-helix is most similar to that of a(n) . -
Answers Zinc finger
When a DNA molecule is replicated, the daughter molecules contain one strand of parental DNA
and one strand of newly synthesized DNA; this is called __________ replication. - Answers
Semiconservative
Differences in eukaryotic, bacterial, and archaeal transcription are attributable to both
polymerase differences and organization of protein-coding genes. - Answers True
One way to regulate gene expression is through the production of different sigma factors.
These cause RNA polymerase to bind to different sets of promoters, thereby altering the pattern
of gene expression. - Answers True
If you were to design a novel hydrophobic protein, which type of monomers would be most
essential to incorporate in the molecule in order to achieve the desired result? - Answers Amino
acids with nonpolar side chains
A(n) __________ is a latent form of a virus genome that remains within the host without
destroying it. - Answers Prophage
The __________ is a factor-independent termination site found in the leader region of certain
operons, which, under the influence of ribosome behavior, controls the continued transcription
of that operon. - Answers Attenuator
Photoreactivation repairs thymine dimers by splitting them back into separate thymines. -
Answers True
Transposons that insert at a new location while a copy remains at the original location are said
to mediate ________ transposition. - Answers Replicative
You and a classmate are discussing early experiments in genetics, and you state that Avery,
MacLeod, and McCarty provided the first evidence that DNA carries genetic information. Your
classmate argues that Griffith was the first to demonstrate this. Which statement best defends
your argument? - Answers Although Griffith first demonstrated transformation, Avery, MacLeod,
and McCarty provided evidence that DNA rather than protein or RNA was the transforming agent.
, In terms of global gene regulation, which of the following molecules is most similar to c-di-GMP
and cAMP? - Answers ppGpp
In the presence of both glucose and lactose, the lactose repressor is not bound to the operator
and the genes of the lactose operon are expressed. - Answers False
Which of the following is the most error-prone of the repair mechanisms? - Answers SOS repair
Two-component signal transduction systems are found in the Bacteria, but not in Archaea. -
Answers False
If a region of DNA contained numerous mismatches due to a modifying agent that caused
methylation of guanine, which of the following mutagens is most likely the cause? - Answers A
DNA modifier such as an alkylating agent
When an F' plasmid acts as the donor in a mating, which of the following do(es) not happen? -
Answers Some chromosomal genes not on the plasmid are transferred.
A consensus sequence in the untranslated leader sequence of a prokaryotic mRNA, which
serves as a ribosome binding site is called the _____ - _____ sequence. - Answers Shine-Dalgarno
The sensor kinase for the OmpF: OmpC two-component regulatory system is _________. -
Answers The EnvZ protein
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze covalent addition of __________ __________ to tRNAs. -
Answers Amino acids
The genes that code for tRNA often contain multiple tRNA sequences controlled by a single
promoter, requiring posttranscriptional modification by ribonucleases. - Answers True
Pair the ribosomal structure with the correct organism. - Answers 80s ribosome- Eukaryote
70s ribosome- Bacteria
70s ribosome- Archaea
The order of gene transfer in an Hfr × F− mating is best represented by _________. - Answers Part
of the plasmid followed by the chromosome followed by the rest of the plasmid
Which statement best describes the mechanism(s) of posttranslational regulation of gene
expression? - Answers Allosteric regulation following transcription of mRNA occurs in many
biosynthetic pathways.
Who first demonstrated transformation using mice and two strains of Streptococcus
pneumoniae? - Answers Griffith
Acridine orange is a purine base analogue. - Answers False
2026
The unexpressed regions of split genes are called _________. - Answers Introns
If chromosomal DNA from a host and phage DNA are carried by a transducing particle, what can
be concluded regarding transduction in this case? - Answers Transduction in this case is
specialized rather than generalized.
In terms of transcription regulation, the role of a helix-turn-helix is most similar to that of a(n) . -
Answers Zinc finger
When a DNA molecule is replicated, the daughter molecules contain one strand of parental DNA
and one strand of newly synthesized DNA; this is called __________ replication. - Answers
Semiconservative
Differences in eukaryotic, bacterial, and archaeal transcription are attributable to both
polymerase differences and organization of protein-coding genes. - Answers True
One way to regulate gene expression is through the production of different sigma factors.
These cause RNA polymerase to bind to different sets of promoters, thereby altering the pattern
of gene expression. - Answers True
If you were to design a novel hydrophobic protein, which type of monomers would be most
essential to incorporate in the molecule in order to achieve the desired result? - Answers Amino
acids with nonpolar side chains
A(n) __________ is a latent form of a virus genome that remains within the host without
destroying it. - Answers Prophage
The __________ is a factor-independent termination site found in the leader region of certain
operons, which, under the influence of ribosome behavior, controls the continued transcription
of that operon. - Answers Attenuator
Photoreactivation repairs thymine dimers by splitting them back into separate thymines. -
Answers True
Transposons that insert at a new location while a copy remains at the original location are said
to mediate ________ transposition. - Answers Replicative
You and a classmate are discussing early experiments in genetics, and you state that Avery,
MacLeod, and McCarty provided the first evidence that DNA carries genetic information. Your
classmate argues that Griffith was the first to demonstrate this. Which statement best defends
your argument? - Answers Although Griffith first demonstrated transformation, Avery, MacLeod,
and McCarty provided evidence that DNA rather than protein or RNA was the transforming agent.
, In terms of global gene regulation, which of the following molecules is most similar to c-di-GMP
and cAMP? - Answers ppGpp
In the presence of both glucose and lactose, the lactose repressor is not bound to the operator
and the genes of the lactose operon are expressed. - Answers False
Which of the following is the most error-prone of the repair mechanisms? - Answers SOS repair
Two-component signal transduction systems are found in the Bacteria, but not in Archaea. -
Answers False
If a region of DNA contained numerous mismatches due to a modifying agent that caused
methylation of guanine, which of the following mutagens is most likely the cause? - Answers A
DNA modifier such as an alkylating agent
When an F' plasmid acts as the donor in a mating, which of the following do(es) not happen? -
Answers Some chromosomal genes not on the plasmid are transferred.
A consensus sequence in the untranslated leader sequence of a prokaryotic mRNA, which
serves as a ribosome binding site is called the _____ - _____ sequence. - Answers Shine-Dalgarno
The sensor kinase for the OmpF: OmpC two-component regulatory system is _________. -
Answers The EnvZ protein
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze covalent addition of __________ __________ to tRNAs. -
Answers Amino acids
The genes that code for tRNA often contain multiple tRNA sequences controlled by a single
promoter, requiring posttranscriptional modification by ribonucleases. - Answers True
Pair the ribosomal structure with the correct organism. - Answers 80s ribosome- Eukaryote
70s ribosome- Bacteria
70s ribosome- Archaea
The order of gene transfer in an Hfr × F− mating is best represented by _________. - Answers Part
of the plasmid followed by the chromosome followed by the rest of the plasmid
Which statement best describes the mechanism(s) of posttranslational regulation of gene
expression? - Answers Allosteric regulation following transcription of mRNA occurs in many
biosynthetic pathways.
Who first demonstrated transformation using mice and two strains of Streptococcus
pneumoniae? - Answers Griffith
Acridine orange is a purine base analogue. - Answers False
