NUR 347 Exam 2 Review UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What causes iron deficiency anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - dec RBC production b/c
of dec iron
low iron decreases carrying capacity of RBCs
what are manifestations of iron deficiency anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - dec serum
albumin, globulin, transferrin
Glossitis (inflam of tongue)
"spoon" fingernails
How do you treat iron deficiency anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - diet
iron supplements
iron dextran
What is a nursing consideration for oral iron supplements? - CORRECT ANSWER - take
with meals and with a straw to prevent GI upset and staining of teeth
what causes pernicious anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - B12 deficiency
How do you treat pernicious anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - b12 injections
vegetarians --> b12 supplement
What causes aplastic anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - dec production and growth of all
blood cells
causes pancytopenia
can be caused by exposure to chemo/radiation
,What are aplastic anemia pts at an inc risk for? - CORRECT ANSWER - bleeding and
infection
How do you treat aplastic anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - platelet, plasma and RBC
transfusion
erythropoetin
neupogen
What causes sickle cell anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - inc RBC destruction
genetics
stress causes sickling
dec O2 carrying capacity
what are sickle cell anemia pts at an inc risk for? - CORRECT ANSWER -
clumping/clotting
causes tissue ischemia
What are manifestations of sickle cell anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - pain, swelling,
fever, jaundice, tachycardia, cardiac murmurs, hgb 7-10 g/dL
How do you treat sickle cell anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - treat infection
avoid high altitude
encourage fluid intake
folic acid
during crisis: analgesic and 3-5L of fluids
What is DIC? - CORRECT ANSWER - disseminated intravascular coagulation
, body uses up most/all clotting factors and starts oozing/bleeding but quickly makes more and
causes clots
pt clotting and bleeding at the same time
How do you treat DIC? - CORRECT ANSWER - heparin and clotting factors
What are manifestations of DIC? - CORRECT ANSWER - bleeding/clotting
bleeding from invasive monitoring sites
petechia, purpura, bruising
sx of blood loss
MODS
shock
intracranial bleed
internal bleed
What are nursing implementations for DIC? - CORRECT ANSWER - know risk factors
and monitor carefully
notify MD ASAP
implement orders: meds, blood products, etc.
at least 1:1
What are signs of low WBCs? - CORRECT ANSWER - repeat infections
What are precautions for low WBCs? - CORRECT ANSWER - temp q4 hrs
no fresh flowers/plants, fuits/vegs (unless peeled)
stay away from crowds
wear a mask when out
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What causes iron deficiency anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - dec RBC production b/c
of dec iron
low iron decreases carrying capacity of RBCs
what are manifestations of iron deficiency anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - dec serum
albumin, globulin, transferrin
Glossitis (inflam of tongue)
"spoon" fingernails
How do you treat iron deficiency anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - diet
iron supplements
iron dextran
What is a nursing consideration for oral iron supplements? - CORRECT ANSWER - take
with meals and with a straw to prevent GI upset and staining of teeth
what causes pernicious anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - B12 deficiency
How do you treat pernicious anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - b12 injections
vegetarians --> b12 supplement
What causes aplastic anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - dec production and growth of all
blood cells
causes pancytopenia
can be caused by exposure to chemo/radiation
,What are aplastic anemia pts at an inc risk for? - CORRECT ANSWER - bleeding and
infection
How do you treat aplastic anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - platelet, plasma and RBC
transfusion
erythropoetin
neupogen
What causes sickle cell anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - inc RBC destruction
genetics
stress causes sickling
dec O2 carrying capacity
what are sickle cell anemia pts at an inc risk for? - CORRECT ANSWER -
clumping/clotting
causes tissue ischemia
What are manifestations of sickle cell anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - pain, swelling,
fever, jaundice, tachycardia, cardiac murmurs, hgb 7-10 g/dL
How do you treat sickle cell anemia? - CORRECT ANSWER - treat infection
avoid high altitude
encourage fluid intake
folic acid
during crisis: analgesic and 3-5L of fluids
What is DIC? - CORRECT ANSWER - disseminated intravascular coagulation
, body uses up most/all clotting factors and starts oozing/bleeding but quickly makes more and
causes clots
pt clotting and bleeding at the same time
How do you treat DIC? - CORRECT ANSWER - heparin and clotting factors
What are manifestations of DIC? - CORRECT ANSWER - bleeding/clotting
bleeding from invasive monitoring sites
petechia, purpura, bruising
sx of blood loss
MODS
shock
intracranial bleed
internal bleed
What are nursing implementations for DIC? - CORRECT ANSWER - know risk factors
and monitor carefully
notify MD ASAP
implement orders: meds, blood products, etc.
at least 1:1
What are signs of low WBCs? - CORRECT ANSWER - repeat infections
What are precautions for low WBCs? - CORRECT ANSWER - temp q4 hrs
no fresh flowers/plants, fuits/vegs (unless peeled)
stay away from crowds
wear a mask when out
