N322 Exam III Questions and Answers Already Passed Latest Update 2025-2026
Non-opioid analgesics prototypes - Answers Acetaminophen and NSAIDs
Opioid analgesics prototypes - Answers Morphine, Oxycodone, Fentanyl, Dilaudid -- controlled
substances
Adjuvant analgesics prototypes - Answers Anticonvulsants and antidepressants -- analgesic
properties.
Analgesics mechanism of action - Answers Pain relief.
Analgesics indication - Answers Pain
Analgesics contraindications - Answers NSAIDs -- GI bleeding
Acetaminophen -- liver disease (MAX dose is 3500 mg/24hr, anything greater than 3500 mg can
result in liver damage).
Analgesics adverse/side effects - Answers Gastric irritation, ulcers, bleeding, liver toxicity,
constipation (especially with opioids), N/V, respiratory depression (opioids).
Analgesics interactions - Answers Anticoagulants and CNS depressants (d/t additive sedative
effects)
Analgesics nursing implications - Answers Assess pain level BEFORE admin, monitor for side
effects.
Antidote for opioids: naloxone (Narcan)
Antidote for acetaminophen: acetylcysteine
Common for patients on opioids to be prescribed a PRN laxative to help with constipation.
General anesthestics prototype - Answers Propofol and etomidate -- given for full loss of
consciousness.
Local anesthetics prototype - Answers Lidocaine, bupivacaine, procaine -- local numbing
General anesthetics mechanism of action - Answers Depressing the CNS, affecting
neurotransmitter release and synaptic transmission
Local anesthetics mechanism of action - Answers Blocking sodium channels in the nerve cells,
preventing nerve impulse transmission.
Anesthetics indication - Answers medical or surgical procedures
Anesthetics contraindications - Answers Pregnancy, severe cardiovascular or respiratory
, disease due to the risk for respiratory depression.
Anesthetics adverse/side effects - Answers Hypotension, bradycardia, dysrhythmias, respiratory
depression, N/V, malignant hyperthermia (RARE, but causes muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, and
metabolic acidosis).
Anesthetics interactions - Answers Opioids, CNS depressants, and muscle relaxants due to
sedative effects.
Anesthetics nursing implications - Answers Close monitoring of VS post op (Q15 min X4, Q30
min X2, Q4hr x 24hrs) and evaluate effectiveness of sedation.
CNS depressants/ muscle relaxants prototypes - Answers Benzodiazepines: Diazepam,
Lorazepam, Alprazolam
Barbiturates: Phenobarbital
Sedative-Hypnotics: Zolpidem
Muscle Relaxants: Baclofen, Cyclobenzaprine
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants mechanism of action - Answers Depress activity in the
central nervous system, leading to sedation, anti-anxiety (anxiolysis), and/or muscle relaxation.
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants indications - Answers Anxiety, insomnia, seizures,
withdrawal signs and symptoms (alleviates N/V and other s/s).
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants contraindications - Answers Pregnancy, respiratory
depression (CNS depression), severe liver disease.
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants adverse/side effects - Answers Drowsiness, dizziness,
respiratory depression, weakness.
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants interactions - Answers Alcohol, Opioids (due to additive
sedative effect).
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants nursing implications - Answers Monitor for sedation and
respiratory depression.
CNS stimulants prototype - Answers Modafinil, Methyphenidate, Caffeine
CNS stimulants mechanism of action - Answers Increase neurotransmitter activity, leading to
heightened alertness, improved focus, and increased energy levels.
CNS stimulants indications - Answers ADHD, narcolepsy, depression (off label: non FDA-
approved indication but often prescribed for depression).
CNS stimulants contraindications - Answers Severe hypertension, cardiovascular disease,
Non-opioid analgesics prototypes - Answers Acetaminophen and NSAIDs
Opioid analgesics prototypes - Answers Morphine, Oxycodone, Fentanyl, Dilaudid -- controlled
substances
Adjuvant analgesics prototypes - Answers Anticonvulsants and antidepressants -- analgesic
properties.
Analgesics mechanism of action - Answers Pain relief.
Analgesics indication - Answers Pain
Analgesics contraindications - Answers NSAIDs -- GI bleeding
Acetaminophen -- liver disease (MAX dose is 3500 mg/24hr, anything greater than 3500 mg can
result in liver damage).
Analgesics adverse/side effects - Answers Gastric irritation, ulcers, bleeding, liver toxicity,
constipation (especially with opioids), N/V, respiratory depression (opioids).
Analgesics interactions - Answers Anticoagulants and CNS depressants (d/t additive sedative
effects)
Analgesics nursing implications - Answers Assess pain level BEFORE admin, monitor for side
effects.
Antidote for opioids: naloxone (Narcan)
Antidote for acetaminophen: acetylcysteine
Common for patients on opioids to be prescribed a PRN laxative to help with constipation.
General anesthestics prototype - Answers Propofol and etomidate -- given for full loss of
consciousness.
Local anesthetics prototype - Answers Lidocaine, bupivacaine, procaine -- local numbing
General anesthetics mechanism of action - Answers Depressing the CNS, affecting
neurotransmitter release and synaptic transmission
Local anesthetics mechanism of action - Answers Blocking sodium channels in the nerve cells,
preventing nerve impulse transmission.
Anesthetics indication - Answers medical or surgical procedures
Anesthetics contraindications - Answers Pregnancy, severe cardiovascular or respiratory
, disease due to the risk for respiratory depression.
Anesthetics adverse/side effects - Answers Hypotension, bradycardia, dysrhythmias, respiratory
depression, N/V, malignant hyperthermia (RARE, but causes muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, and
metabolic acidosis).
Anesthetics interactions - Answers Opioids, CNS depressants, and muscle relaxants due to
sedative effects.
Anesthetics nursing implications - Answers Close monitoring of VS post op (Q15 min X4, Q30
min X2, Q4hr x 24hrs) and evaluate effectiveness of sedation.
CNS depressants/ muscle relaxants prototypes - Answers Benzodiazepines: Diazepam,
Lorazepam, Alprazolam
Barbiturates: Phenobarbital
Sedative-Hypnotics: Zolpidem
Muscle Relaxants: Baclofen, Cyclobenzaprine
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants mechanism of action - Answers Depress activity in the
central nervous system, leading to sedation, anti-anxiety (anxiolysis), and/or muscle relaxation.
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants indications - Answers Anxiety, insomnia, seizures,
withdrawal signs and symptoms (alleviates N/V and other s/s).
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants contraindications - Answers Pregnancy, respiratory
depression (CNS depression), severe liver disease.
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants adverse/side effects - Answers Drowsiness, dizziness,
respiratory depression, weakness.
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants interactions - Answers Alcohol, Opioids (due to additive
sedative effect).
CNS depressants/muscle relaxants nursing implications - Answers Monitor for sedation and
respiratory depression.
CNS stimulants prototype - Answers Modafinil, Methyphenidate, Caffeine
CNS stimulants mechanism of action - Answers Increase neurotransmitter activity, leading to
heightened alertness, improved focus, and increased energy levels.
CNS stimulants indications - Answers ADHD, narcolepsy, depression (off label: non FDA-
approved indication but often prescribed for depression).
CNS stimulants contraindications - Answers Severe hypertension, cardiovascular disease,
