NUTR 430 Exam 1 2025 Questions and
Answers
According to the 2015 dietary guidelines, eating patterns should include... -
ANSWER--variety of veg
-fruits, whole fruits
-grains, whole
-fat free and low fat dairy
-variety of protein
-oils
*meet physical activity guidelines
According to the 2015 dietary guidelines, eating patterns should limit... -
ANSWER--saturated fat <10%
-trans fat
-added sugar < 10%
-sodium <2,300 mg
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
,-alcohol in moderation
Under consumed nutrients definition - ANSWER-low intakes occur within context
of unhealthy overall eating patterns due to low intakes of fruit, veg, whole grains,
and dairy
What are the key nutrients of concern? - ANSWER--k
-vit d
-Ca
-fiber
Nutrient needs of a group can be represented as... - ANSWER--normal
distribution
-centered around a mean
What are the DRIs based on? - ANSWER--healthy pop
-12 age/sex/life-stage groups
-scientifically determined relationships between intake and indicators of adequacy
EAR - ANSWER--average daily nutrient intake estimated to meet the requirements
of half of healthy people
What DRI is used for groups? - ANSWER-EAR
When is AI used? - ANSWER-when insufficient knowledge to establish EAR
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,AI - ANSWER-nutrient quantity necessary for most people of a certain gender and
life stage to fulfill or exceed nutrient needs
RDA - ANSWER-average daily nutrient intake level that is sufficient to meet
requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy people
Are supplements recommended as part of dietary guidelines? Why not? -
ANSWER-no
People may not use them, it may not be enough, etc
Why are supplements a double-edged sword? - ANSWER-Can help but can cause
overconsumption
What is monitoring and surveillance? - ANSWER--ongoing description of
conditions in pop using surveys etc
-monitors trends and patterns
-continuous, systematic collection of data
-dissemination of results to policy makers, clinicians, etc
Components of National Nutrition Monitoring System - ANSWER-Influencing
factors --> diet & nutrition status --> health of US pop
Usual dietary intake - ANSWER-average or long-term intake over specific period
of time
How can we assess diet? - ANSWER--24 hour recall
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
, 24-hour recall pros & cons - ANSWER--Pro: less systematic bias
-Con: memory
Food record pros & cons - ANSWER--Pro:
-Con: training
What is a caveat of all nutrition assessment methods? - ANSWER-recall bias
How do we analyze data to remove bias? - ANSWER--use multiple recalls
-use statistical adjustments like NCI method & Iowa State Method
How to you quantify dietary components? - ANSWER-coding
What are databases for coding? - ANSWER--USDA National Nutrient Balance for
Standard Reference
-Food & Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS)
Hot topic: life expectancy - ANSWER-americans sicker and die younger than peer
international peers despite spending more on healthcare
1909 - ANSWER-Food Supply Series
food supply series - ANSWER-what's being produced
1930 - ANSWER-USDA household food consumption survey
1965 - ANSWER-USDA household survey name changed to Nationwide Food
Consumption Survey (NFCS)
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 4
Answers
According to the 2015 dietary guidelines, eating patterns should include... -
ANSWER--variety of veg
-fruits, whole fruits
-grains, whole
-fat free and low fat dairy
-variety of protein
-oils
*meet physical activity guidelines
According to the 2015 dietary guidelines, eating patterns should limit... -
ANSWER--saturated fat <10%
-trans fat
-added sugar < 10%
-sodium <2,300 mg
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 1
,-alcohol in moderation
Under consumed nutrients definition - ANSWER-low intakes occur within context
of unhealthy overall eating patterns due to low intakes of fruit, veg, whole grains,
and dairy
What are the key nutrients of concern? - ANSWER--k
-vit d
-Ca
-fiber
Nutrient needs of a group can be represented as... - ANSWER--normal
distribution
-centered around a mean
What are the DRIs based on? - ANSWER--healthy pop
-12 age/sex/life-stage groups
-scientifically determined relationships between intake and indicators of adequacy
EAR - ANSWER--average daily nutrient intake estimated to meet the requirements
of half of healthy people
What DRI is used for groups? - ANSWER-EAR
When is AI used? - ANSWER-when insufficient knowledge to establish EAR
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 2
,AI - ANSWER-nutrient quantity necessary for most people of a certain gender and
life stage to fulfill or exceed nutrient needs
RDA - ANSWER-average daily nutrient intake level that is sufficient to meet
requirements of nearly all (97-98%) healthy people
Are supplements recommended as part of dietary guidelines? Why not? -
ANSWER-no
People may not use them, it may not be enough, etc
Why are supplements a double-edged sword? - ANSWER-Can help but can cause
overconsumption
What is monitoring and surveillance? - ANSWER--ongoing description of
conditions in pop using surveys etc
-monitors trends and patterns
-continuous, systematic collection of data
-dissemination of results to policy makers, clinicians, etc
Components of National Nutrition Monitoring System - ANSWER-Influencing
factors --> diet & nutrition status --> health of US pop
Usual dietary intake - ANSWER-average or long-term intake over specific period
of time
How can we assess diet? - ANSWER--24 hour recall
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 3
, 24-hour recall pros & cons - ANSWER--Pro: less systematic bias
-Con: memory
Food record pros & cons - ANSWER--Pro:
-Con: training
What is a caveat of all nutrition assessment methods? - ANSWER-recall bias
How do we analyze data to remove bias? - ANSWER--use multiple recalls
-use statistical adjustments like NCI method & Iowa State Method
How to you quantify dietary components? - ANSWER-coding
What are databases for coding? - ANSWER--USDA National Nutrient Balance for
Standard Reference
-Food & Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies (FNDDS)
Hot topic: life expectancy - ANSWER-americans sicker and die younger than peer
international peers despite spending more on healthcare
1909 - ANSWER-Food Supply Series
food supply series - ANSWER-what's being produced
1930 - ANSWER-USDA household food consumption survey
1965 - ANSWER-USDA household survey name changed to Nationwide Food
Consumption Survey (NFCS)
COPYRIGHT ©️ 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED...TRUSTED & VERIFIED 4
