NYU PATHO EXAM I PREP QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+
Which of the following is considered a sign, or an observable clinical finding?
a. Nausea
b. Loss of appetite
c. Bruise
d. Headache
✔✔ Answer: c. Bruise
A sign is a physical finding that can be seen or measured by a healthcare provider.
A bruise is visible, making it a sign, unlike nausea or headache which are
symptoms (subjective experiences).
A person with Type 2 Diabetes is advised to follow a low-calorie diet and
begin regular exercise. What level of prevention does this represent?
a. Primary Prevention
b. Secondary Prevention
c. Tertiary Prevention
d. Disease Prevention
✔✔ Answer: c. Tertiary Prevention
This intervention is meant to manage an existing chronic condition (Type 2
Diabetes) and prevent further complications, which is the goal of tertiary
prevention.
True or False: All individuals with the same disease present with identical
symptoms.
✔✔ Answer: False
Clinical signs and symptoms can vary between individuals based on multiple
factors including age, sex, genetics, environment, and access to care.
Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for heart disease?
a. Smoking
,b. Obesity
c. Family history
d. High blood pressure
✔✔ Answer: c. Family history
Family history is something you cannot change, unlike lifestyle factors such as
diet, smoking, or physical activity.
Non- modifiable risk factor can't be changed. Family history is non-modifiable as
our genetics are what they are.
T/F A change in a physiologic variable is more important than the absolute values.
- ANSWERS✔✔True
One value itself doesn't provide much useful information. It is important to
understand an individuals baseline and then look at results related to the baseline.
T/F Prevalence is the number of new cases of a disease in a given population at a
given time. - ANSWERS✔✔False
Prevalence is the number of old cases + new cases.
Incidence is the number of only new cases
T/F Breast cancer screening programs are an example of primary level of
prevention. - ANSWERS✔✔False
Secondary level of prevention = screening and test
,T/F Apoptotic cell death can be characterized as "cell suicide" -
ANSWERS✔✔True
trigger cell to kill itself
Glucose must enter the body cell in order to provide energy for the client who was
recently diagnosed with diabetes. The nurse knows that which of the following
processes allows glucose to enter body cells?
a. osmosis
b. active transport
c. diffusion
d. Facilitated diffusion - ANSWERS✔✔Facilitated Diffusion
- uses a carrier protein aka insulin to enter the body cell.
The nurse is examining the results of the bronchoscopy of a chronic smoker. The
report showed stratified squamous cells as opposed to columnar ciliated cells. The
nurse understands this is which type of cellular adaptation?
a. hyperplasia
b. dysplasia
c. anaplasia
d. metaplasia - ANSWERS✔✔Metaplasia
If a cell changes from one differentiated cell type to another, that is termed
metaplasia.
, hyperplasia - an increase in # of the same type of cells
Dysplasia - loss of form and cells become irregular
Anaplasia - the cells become totally undifferentiated and cancerous.
Which of the following cellular accumulations is indicative of injury due to faulty
metabolism?
a. Hydropic swelling
b. Lactate production
c. Metaplasia
d. Intracellular accumulations - ANSWERS✔✔Intracellular accumulation
Can occur due to build up of normal body substance, a build up of exogenous
substances, or build up of abnormal endogenous products due to faulty
metabolism.
A knowledgeable nurse knows that a hermangioma is:
a. malignant tumor of skin cells
b. benign tumor of skin cells
c. malignant tumor of blood vessels
d. benign tumor of blood vessels - ANSWERS✔✔Benign tumor of blood vessels
"-oma" refers to benign. The prefix "hermangi-" refers to blood vessels.
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS 100% CORRECT RATED A+
Which of the following is considered a sign, or an observable clinical finding?
a. Nausea
b. Loss of appetite
c. Bruise
d. Headache
✔✔ Answer: c. Bruise
A sign is a physical finding that can be seen or measured by a healthcare provider.
A bruise is visible, making it a sign, unlike nausea or headache which are
symptoms (subjective experiences).
A person with Type 2 Diabetes is advised to follow a low-calorie diet and
begin regular exercise. What level of prevention does this represent?
a. Primary Prevention
b. Secondary Prevention
c. Tertiary Prevention
d. Disease Prevention
✔✔ Answer: c. Tertiary Prevention
This intervention is meant to manage an existing chronic condition (Type 2
Diabetes) and prevent further complications, which is the goal of tertiary
prevention.
True or False: All individuals with the same disease present with identical
symptoms.
✔✔ Answer: False
Clinical signs and symptoms can vary between individuals based on multiple
factors including age, sex, genetics, environment, and access to care.
Which of the following is a non-modifiable risk factor for heart disease?
a. Smoking
,b. Obesity
c. Family history
d. High blood pressure
✔✔ Answer: c. Family history
Family history is something you cannot change, unlike lifestyle factors such as
diet, smoking, or physical activity.
Non- modifiable risk factor can't be changed. Family history is non-modifiable as
our genetics are what they are.
T/F A change in a physiologic variable is more important than the absolute values.
- ANSWERS✔✔True
One value itself doesn't provide much useful information. It is important to
understand an individuals baseline and then look at results related to the baseline.
T/F Prevalence is the number of new cases of a disease in a given population at a
given time. - ANSWERS✔✔False
Prevalence is the number of old cases + new cases.
Incidence is the number of only new cases
T/F Breast cancer screening programs are an example of primary level of
prevention. - ANSWERS✔✔False
Secondary level of prevention = screening and test
,T/F Apoptotic cell death can be characterized as "cell suicide" -
ANSWERS✔✔True
trigger cell to kill itself
Glucose must enter the body cell in order to provide energy for the client who was
recently diagnosed with diabetes. The nurse knows that which of the following
processes allows glucose to enter body cells?
a. osmosis
b. active transport
c. diffusion
d. Facilitated diffusion - ANSWERS✔✔Facilitated Diffusion
- uses a carrier protein aka insulin to enter the body cell.
The nurse is examining the results of the bronchoscopy of a chronic smoker. The
report showed stratified squamous cells as opposed to columnar ciliated cells. The
nurse understands this is which type of cellular adaptation?
a. hyperplasia
b. dysplasia
c. anaplasia
d. metaplasia - ANSWERS✔✔Metaplasia
If a cell changes from one differentiated cell type to another, that is termed
metaplasia.
, hyperplasia - an increase in # of the same type of cells
Dysplasia - loss of form and cells become irregular
Anaplasia - the cells become totally undifferentiated and cancerous.
Which of the following cellular accumulations is indicative of injury due to faulty
metabolism?
a. Hydropic swelling
b. Lactate production
c. Metaplasia
d. Intracellular accumulations - ANSWERS✔✔Intracellular accumulation
Can occur due to build up of normal body substance, a build up of exogenous
substances, or build up of abnormal endogenous products due to faulty
metabolism.
A knowledgeable nurse knows that a hermangioma is:
a. malignant tumor of skin cells
b. benign tumor of skin cells
c. malignant tumor of blood vessels
d. benign tumor of blood vessels - ANSWERS✔✔Benign tumor of blood vessels
"-oma" refers to benign. The prefix "hermangi-" refers to blood vessels.
