Biology Final Exam Review questions and answers
2025-2026 update
abiotic - ✔✔ANS non-living
autotroph - ✔✔ANS An organism that makes its own food.
asexual reproduction - ✔✔ANS a reproductive process that involves only one parent and produce
offspring that are identical to the parent
biotic - ✔✔ANS living
biosphere - ✔✔ANS Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, includin
land, water, and the atmosphere.
cell specialization - ✔✔ANS Cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform
different tasks.
cell differentation - ✔✔ANS Process by which cells become different types of cells
carbon cycle - ✔✔ANS Cyclic movement of carbon in different chemical forms from the environment t
organisms and then back to the environment.
cell differentiation - ✔✔ANS the process by which a cell becomes specialized for a specific structure o
function
chemical bond - ✔✔ANS the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together where the energy in
compound is stored
chromosome pair - ✔✔ANS identical copies of a single chromosome
copy of mom chromosome 1 next to mom chromosome 1
, consumer - ✔✔ANS an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms
deletion - ✔✔ANS the loss of a part of DNA from a chromosome
detritivore - ✔✔ANS An organism (like the earthworm) that feeds on decaying matter after it has bee
broken down by decomposers.
DNA - ✔✔ANS deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries information about an organism tha
is passed from parent to offspring AND is used by an individual as the recipe for making proteins
DNA sequence - ✔✔ANS The sequence, or order, in which the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosin
(C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) are arranged in a gene or a DNA fragment, or in an organism's genome
double helix - ✔✔ANS two strands of nucleotides wound about each other; structure of DNA
ecosystem stability - ✔✔ANS the total number of species is fairly consistant from year to year---the sam
species were present each year--- the population size of each species was approximately the same from
year to year
endangered species - ✔✔ANS A species whose numbers are so small that the species is at risk o
extinction
exponential growth - ✔✔ANS growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at
constant rate
food web - ✔✔ANS a community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains
gene - ✔✔ANS sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait
genetic diversity - ✔✔ANS the amount of variation in the genetic material within all members of
popualtion
genetic variation - ✔✔ANS The variety of different types of genes in a species or population.
genotype - ✔✔ANS an organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations
2025-2026 update
abiotic - ✔✔ANS non-living
autotroph - ✔✔ANS An organism that makes its own food.
asexual reproduction - ✔✔ANS a reproductive process that involves only one parent and produce
offspring that are identical to the parent
biotic - ✔✔ANS living
biosphere - ✔✔ANS Consists of all life on Earth and all parts of the Earth in which life exists, includin
land, water, and the atmosphere.
cell specialization - ✔✔ANS Cells throughout an organism can develop in different ways to perform
different tasks.
cell differentation - ✔✔ANS Process by which cells become different types of cells
carbon cycle - ✔✔ANS Cyclic movement of carbon in different chemical forms from the environment t
organisms and then back to the environment.
cell differentiation - ✔✔ANS the process by which a cell becomes specialized for a specific structure o
function
chemical bond - ✔✔ANS the attractive force that holds atoms or ions together where the energy in
compound is stored
chromosome pair - ✔✔ANS identical copies of a single chromosome
copy of mom chromosome 1 next to mom chromosome 1
, consumer - ✔✔ANS an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms
deletion - ✔✔ANS the loss of a part of DNA from a chromosome
detritivore - ✔✔ANS An organism (like the earthworm) that feeds on decaying matter after it has bee
broken down by decomposers.
DNA - ✔✔ANS deoxyribonucleic acid; the genetic material that carries information about an organism tha
is passed from parent to offspring AND is used by an individual as the recipe for making proteins
DNA sequence - ✔✔ANS The sequence, or order, in which the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosin
(C), guanine (G), and thymine (T) are arranged in a gene or a DNA fragment, or in an organism's genome
double helix - ✔✔ANS two strands of nucleotides wound about each other; structure of DNA
ecosystem stability - ✔✔ANS the total number of species is fairly consistant from year to year---the sam
species were present each year--- the population size of each species was approximately the same from
year to year
endangered species - ✔✔ANS A species whose numbers are so small that the species is at risk o
extinction
exponential growth - ✔✔ANS growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at
constant rate
food web - ✔✔ANS a community of organisms where there are several interrelated food chains
gene - ✔✔ANS sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait
genetic diversity - ✔✔ANS the amount of variation in the genetic material within all members of
popualtion
genetic variation - ✔✔ANS The variety of different types of genes in a species or population.
genotype - ✔✔ANS an organism's genetic makeup, or allele combinations
