OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY MOCK EXAM FINAL
EXAM
1.
A cloverleaf-shaped cranium in a second trimester fetus is characteristic of:
a.
anencephaly
b.
fetal demise
c.
oligohydramnios
d.
skeletal dysplasia - Answer -1. d.
A cloverleaf shape to the skull is characteristic of skeletal dysplasia (thanatophoric
dwarf). Overlap-ping of the calvarium bones is pres-ent with long-standing fetal demise
termed
Spalding sign.
2.
Which genitourinary abnormality depends on fetal gender?
a.
infantile polycystic disease
b.
multicystic dysplastic kidney
c.
ureteropelvic junction obstruction
d.
posterior urethral valve obstruction - Answer -2. d.
The presence of valves within the
male urethra results in a urinary obstruction demonstrating a dilated bladder and
posterior urethra (keyhole sign)
3.
Which pelvic structure contains the uterine blood vessels and nerves?
a.
psoas muscles
b.
broad ligament
c.
ovarian ligaments
d.
suspensory ligaments - Answer -3. b.
The broad ligament provides a small amount of support for the uterus and contains the
uterine blood vessels and nerves.
,The suspen-sory ligaments contain the ovarian vessels.
4.
When the vascular space between the placenta and myometrium is absent, the
sonographer should suspect:
a.
placenta accreta
b.
placenta abruptio
c.
circumvallate placenta
d.
umbilical vein thrombosis - Answer -4. a.
Placenta accreta is a condition where the chorionic villi invade the superficial layer of
the uterine myo-metrium, obliterating the retropla-cental complex.
5.
Measurement of the biparietal diameter is taken at a level to include the:
a.
falx cerebri
b.
cisterna magna
c.
fourth ventricle
d.
thalamic cerebri - Answer -5. d.
Identification of the falx does not indicate the proper level for the biparietal diameter
(BPD). Mea-surement of the BPD is at a level passing through the third ventricle and
thalamic cerebri. Other land-marks include the cavum septum pellucidi and the atrium of
the lat-eral ventricle.
.
6.
The best measuring method for evaluating gesta-tional age is the:
a.
femur length
b.
biparietal diameter
c.
crown-rump length
d.
head circumference - Answer -6. c.
Crown-rump length during the first trimester is generally the best and most accurate
method for mea-suring gestational age.
7.
,Bilateral symmetric pelvic masses are most likely:
a.
pelvic muscles
b.
follicular cysts
c.
theca lutein cysts
d.
uterine leiomyomas - Answer -7. a.
Symmetric bilateral
pelvic masses are most likely pelvic muscles. Bilat-eral follicular cysts, theca lutein
cysts, or uterine fibroids are not likely symmetrical.
8.
A localized hypoechoic adnexal mass is present on serial sonograms. Physiological
ovarian cysts of vary-ing size are present bilaterally. Based on this clinical history, the
adnexal mass is most suspicious for a(n):
a.
dermoid cyst
b.
endometrioma
c.
parovarian cyst
d.
hemorrhagic cyst - Answer -8. b.
A
hypoechoic
adnexal mass sepa-rate from the ovaries is most sus-picious for an endometrioma. A
complicated parovarian cyst is a differential consideration, but is not the likely diagnosis.
9. Maintaining privacy of a patient's medical and personal information is a primary
concern of the:
a.
Patient Care Partnership
b.
Joint Review Committee
c.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
d.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountabil-ity Act - Answer -9. d.
HIPAA is a federal agency over-seeing may health-care functions, the primary being
patient confidentiality.
10.
Which of the following is
not
, evaluated during a fetal biophysical profile?
a.
nonstress test
b.
fetal swallowing
c.
diaphragm movement
d.
amniotic fluid volume - Answer -10. b.
The biophysical profile is a sono-graphic evaluation of fetal well- being. It includes a
specific time or number of fetal movements, breath-ing movements, fetal tone, amniotic
fluid volume, and a nonstress test.
11.
An echogenic endometrium with posterior acoustic enhancement is present during
which of the following phases?
a.
follicular
b.
secretory
c.
menstrual
d.
proliferative - Answer -11. b.
During the secretory phase, the functional layer of the endome-trium continues to
thicken and may demonstrate posterior acoustic en-hancement. The luteal phase of the
ovary corresponds with the secre-tory phase of the endometrium.
12.
Normal serum maternal alpha-fetoprotein levels vary with:
a.
fetal weight
b.
fetal gender
c.
maternal age
d.
gestational age - Answer -12. d.
Normal serum maternal alpha-fetoprotein levels will vary with ges-tational age and
number. Abnormal levels can be a result of improper estimation of gestational age.
13.
A diamniotic/monochorionic multifetal preg-nancy will demonstrate:
a.
one placenta and one gestational sac
b.
EXAM
1.
A cloverleaf-shaped cranium in a second trimester fetus is characteristic of:
a.
anencephaly
b.
fetal demise
c.
oligohydramnios
d.
skeletal dysplasia - Answer -1. d.
A cloverleaf shape to the skull is characteristic of skeletal dysplasia (thanatophoric
dwarf). Overlap-ping of the calvarium bones is pres-ent with long-standing fetal demise
termed
Spalding sign.
2.
Which genitourinary abnormality depends on fetal gender?
a.
infantile polycystic disease
b.
multicystic dysplastic kidney
c.
ureteropelvic junction obstruction
d.
posterior urethral valve obstruction - Answer -2. d.
The presence of valves within the
male urethra results in a urinary obstruction demonstrating a dilated bladder and
posterior urethra (keyhole sign)
3.
Which pelvic structure contains the uterine blood vessels and nerves?
a.
psoas muscles
b.
broad ligament
c.
ovarian ligaments
d.
suspensory ligaments - Answer -3. b.
The broad ligament provides a small amount of support for the uterus and contains the
uterine blood vessels and nerves.
,The suspen-sory ligaments contain the ovarian vessels.
4.
When the vascular space between the placenta and myometrium is absent, the
sonographer should suspect:
a.
placenta accreta
b.
placenta abruptio
c.
circumvallate placenta
d.
umbilical vein thrombosis - Answer -4. a.
Placenta accreta is a condition where the chorionic villi invade the superficial layer of
the uterine myo-metrium, obliterating the retropla-cental complex.
5.
Measurement of the biparietal diameter is taken at a level to include the:
a.
falx cerebri
b.
cisterna magna
c.
fourth ventricle
d.
thalamic cerebri - Answer -5. d.
Identification of the falx does not indicate the proper level for the biparietal diameter
(BPD). Mea-surement of the BPD is at a level passing through the third ventricle and
thalamic cerebri. Other land-marks include the cavum septum pellucidi and the atrium of
the lat-eral ventricle.
.
6.
The best measuring method for evaluating gesta-tional age is the:
a.
femur length
b.
biparietal diameter
c.
crown-rump length
d.
head circumference - Answer -6. c.
Crown-rump length during the first trimester is generally the best and most accurate
method for mea-suring gestational age.
7.
,Bilateral symmetric pelvic masses are most likely:
a.
pelvic muscles
b.
follicular cysts
c.
theca lutein cysts
d.
uterine leiomyomas - Answer -7. a.
Symmetric bilateral
pelvic masses are most likely pelvic muscles. Bilat-eral follicular cysts, theca lutein
cysts, or uterine fibroids are not likely symmetrical.
8.
A localized hypoechoic adnexal mass is present on serial sonograms. Physiological
ovarian cysts of vary-ing size are present bilaterally. Based on this clinical history, the
adnexal mass is most suspicious for a(n):
a.
dermoid cyst
b.
endometrioma
c.
parovarian cyst
d.
hemorrhagic cyst - Answer -8. b.
A
hypoechoic
adnexal mass sepa-rate from the ovaries is most sus-picious for an endometrioma. A
complicated parovarian cyst is a differential consideration, but is not the likely diagnosis.
9. Maintaining privacy of a patient's medical and personal information is a primary
concern of the:
a.
Patient Care Partnership
b.
Joint Review Committee
c.
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
d.
Health Insurance Portability and Accountabil-ity Act - Answer -9. d.
HIPAA is a federal agency over-seeing may health-care functions, the primary being
patient confidentiality.
10.
Which of the following is
not
, evaluated during a fetal biophysical profile?
a.
nonstress test
b.
fetal swallowing
c.
diaphragm movement
d.
amniotic fluid volume - Answer -10. b.
The biophysical profile is a sono-graphic evaluation of fetal well- being. It includes a
specific time or number of fetal movements, breath-ing movements, fetal tone, amniotic
fluid volume, and a nonstress test.
11.
An echogenic endometrium with posterior acoustic enhancement is present during
which of the following phases?
a.
follicular
b.
secretory
c.
menstrual
d.
proliferative - Answer -11. b.
During the secretory phase, the functional layer of the endome-trium continues to
thicken and may demonstrate posterior acoustic en-hancement. The luteal phase of the
ovary corresponds with the secre-tory phase of the endometrium.
12.
Normal serum maternal alpha-fetoprotein levels vary with:
a.
fetal weight
b.
fetal gender
c.
maternal age
d.
gestational age - Answer -12. d.
Normal serum maternal alpha-fetoprotein levels will vary with ges-tational age and
number. Abnormal levels can be a result of improper estimation of gestational age.
13.
A diamniotic/monochorionic multifetal preg-nancy will demonstrate:
a.
one placenta and one gestational sac
b.
