Psychology 100 Chapter 3 Foundations of
Psychology Final Exam
Neuron - answers✔✔Nerve cell specialized for communication
Dendrite - answers✔✔Portion of neuron that receives signals
Axon - answers✔✔Portion of neuron that sends signals
Synaptic Vesicle - answers✔✔Spherical sac containing neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitter - answers✔✔Chemical messenger specialized for communication from
neuron to neuron
Synapse - answers✔✔Space between two connecting neurons through which messages are
transmitted chemically
Synaptic Cleft - answers✔✔A gap into which neuro transmitters are released from the axon
terminal
Glial Cell - answers✔✔Cell in nervous system that plays a role in the formation of myelin and
the blood-brain barrier, responds to injury, removes debris, and enhances learning and memory
, Myelin Sheath - answers✔✔Glial cells wrapped around axons that act as insulators of the
neuron's signal
Resting Potential - answers✔✔Electrical charge difference (~60 millivolts) across the neuronal
membrane, when the neuron is not being stimulated or inhibited
Threshold - answers✔✔Membrane potential necessary to trigger an action potential
Action Potential - answers✔✔Electrical impulse that travels down the axon triggering the
release of neurotransmitters
Absolute Refractory Period - answers✔✔Time during which another action potential is
impossible; limits maximal firing rate
Receptor Site - answers✔✔Location that uniquely recognizes a neurotransmitter
Reuptake - answers✔✔Means of recycling neurotransmitters
Endorphin - answers✔✔Chemical in the brain that plays a specialized role in pain reduction
Plasticity - answers✔✔Ability of the nervous system to change
Stem Cell - answers✔✔A cell, often originating in embryos, having the capacity to differentiate
into a more specialized cell
Neurogenesis - answers✔✔Creation of new neurons in the adult brain
Psychology Final Exam
Neuron - answers✔✔Nerve cell specialized for communication
Dendrite - answers✔✔Portion of neuron that receives signals
Axon - answers✔✔Portion of neuron that sends signals
Synaptic Vesicle - answers✔✔Spherical sac containing neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitter - answers✔✔Chemical messenger specialized for communication from
neuron to neuron
Synapse - answers✔✔Space between two connecting neurons through which messages are
transmitted chemically
Synaptic Cleft - answers✔✔A gap into which neuro transmitters are released from the axon
terminal
Glial Cell - answers✔✔Cell in nervous system that plays a role in the formation of myelin and
the blood-brain barrier, responds to injury, removes debris, and enhances learning and memory
, Myelin Sheath - answers✔✔Glial cells wrapped around axons that act as insulators of the
neuron's signal
Resting Potential - answers✔✔Electrical charge difference (~60 millivolts) across the neuronal
membrane, when the neuron is not being stimulated or inhibited
Threshold - answers✔✔Membrane potential necessary to trigger an action potential
Action Potential - answers✔✔Electrical impulse that travels down the axon triggering the
release of neurotransmitters
Absolute Refractory Period - answers✔✔Time during which another action potential is
impossible; limits maximal firing rate
Receptor Site - answers✔✔Location that uniquely recognizes a neurotransmitter
Reuptake - answers✔✔Means of recycling neurotransmitters
Endorphin - answers✔✔Chemical in the brain that plays a specialized role in pain reduction
Plasticity - answers✔✔Ability of the nervous system to change
Stem Cell - answers✔✔A cell, often originating in embryos, having the capacity to differentiate
into a more specialized cell
Neurogenesis - answers✔✔Creation of new neurons in the adult brain
