PSYC 100: Understanding Human Behavior Exam
Personality - answers✔✔an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
ego - answers✔✔the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that, according to Freud,
mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality. The ego operates on the reality
principle, satisfying the id's desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain
id - answers✔✔contains a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud,
strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives. The id operates on the pleasure principle,
demanding immediate gratification
superego - answers✔✔the part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized
ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscience) and for future aspirations
pleasure principle - answers✔✔Freud's theory regarding the id's desire to maximize pleasure
and minimize pain in order to achieve immediate gratification.
stages of psychosexual development - answers✔✔The sequence of four developmental stages
from infancy through the attainment of adult sexuality that is considered universal in
psychoanalytic theory: the oral stage, the anal stage, the phallic stage, and the genital stage.
Oral Stage - answers✔✔Freud's first stage of personality development, from birth to about age
2, during which the instincts of infants are focused on the mouth as the primary pleasure center.
, Anal Stage - answers✔✔(psychoanalysis) the second sexual and social stage of a child's
development during which bowel control is learned
Phallic Stage - answers✔✔Freud's third stage of personality development, from about age 4
through age 7, during which children obtain gratification primarily from the genitals.
Genital Stage - answers✔✔Freud's last stage of personality development, from the onset of
puberty through adulthood, during which the sexual conflicts of childhood resurface (at
puberty) and are often resolved during adolescence).
fixation - answers✔✔according to Freud, a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an
earlier psychosexual stage, in which conflicts were unresolved
types of defense mechanisms - answers✔✔Rationalization, Compensation, Repression,
Projection
Reaction formation, Identification, Introjection, Denial, Displacement
Rationalization - answers✔✔defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in place
of the real, more threatening, unconscious reasons for one's actions
Compensation - answers✔✔a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings
by exaggerating desirable behaviors
Repression - answers✔✔in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes
from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories
Projection - answers✔✔psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people disguise their own
threatening impulses by attributing them to others
Personality - answers✔✔an individual's characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
ego - answers✔✔the largely conscious, "executive" part of personality that, according to Freud,
mediates among the demands of the id, superego, and reality. The ego operates on the reality
principle, satisfying the id's desires in ways that will realistically bring pleasure rather than pain
id - answers✔✔contains a reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that, according to Freud,
strives to satisfy basic sexual and aggressive drives. The id operates on the pleasure principle,
demanding immediate gratification
superego - answers✔✔the part of personality that, according to Freud, represents internalized
ideals and provides standards for judgment (the conscience) and for future aspirations
pleasure principle - answers✔✔Freud's theory regarding the id's desire to maximize pleasure
and minimize pain in order to achieve immediate gratification.
stages of psychosexual development - answers✔✔The sequence of four developmental stages
from infancy through the attainment of adult sexuality that is considered universal in
psychoanalytic theory: the oral stage, the anal stage, the phallic stage, and the genital stage.
Oral Stage - answers✔✔Freud's first stage of personality development, from birth to about age
2, during which the instincts of infants are focused on the mouth as the primary pleasure center.
, Anal Stage - answers✔✔(psychoanalysis) the second sexual and social stage of a child's
development during which bowel control is learned
Phallic Stage - answers✔✔Freud's third stage of personality development, from about age 4
through age 7, during which children obtain gratification primarily from the genitals.
Genital Stage - answers✔✔Freud's last stage of personality development, from the onset of
puberty through adulthood, during which the sexual conflicts of childhood resurface (at
puberty) and are often resolved during adolescence).
fixation - answers✔✔according to Freud, a lingering focus of pleasure-seeking energies at an
earlier psychosexual stage, in which conflicts were unresolved
types of defense mechanisms - answers✔✔Rationalization, Compensation, Repression,
Projection
Reaction formation, Identification, Introjection, Denial, Displacement
Rationalization - answers✔✔defense mechanism that offers self-justifying explanations in place
of the real, more threatening, unconscious reasons for one's actions
Compensation - answers✔✔a defense mechanism that conceals your undesirable shortcomings
by exaggerating desirable behaviors
Repression - answers✔✔in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes
from consciousness anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories
Projection - answers✔✔psychoanalytic defense mechanism by which people disguise their own
threatening impulses by attributing them to others
