TCAR TEST 4 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS!!
migration of projectiles is most likely with which type of firearm
shotgun
fractures of which thoracic bones are associated with significant force?
first and second ribs
posterior ribs
sternum
scapulae
t2-10 vertebral bodies
interventions for rib fractures
these patients will be in a LOT of pain
adequate pain control
good pulmonary hygiene and toileting
what is a flail chest?
unstable chest wall
2 or more adjacent ribs fractured in 2 or more places, or a detached sternum
in a flail chest patient, the unnattached chest wall segment/fractured ribs is pulled inward during
inhalation due to negative pressure, and pushed outward during exhalation.
this is referred to as paradoxical respirations!
this can produce significant respiratory distress
traumatic displacement of cartilage from an adjacent rib is known as a ....
, costochondral separation
a patient with posterior rib fractures is at risk for injuries to the adjacent T spine
T spine vs C spine injuries in terms of force
C spine- frequently caused by rotation or shaking. it has no lateral support
T-spine injuries usually require a direct, forceful blow
any rib fracture is very painful and can significantly restrict ventilation, particularly in
geriatric patients. Older adults with rib fractures have twice the mortality of younger
patients with similar injuries. for each additional rib fracture in the elderly, the odds of
death increase by 19% and the risk of pneumonia increases by 27%
any injury between the nipples and naval should be considered...
both thoracic and abdominal injuries until determined otherwise.
at end expiration, the diaphragm rises as high as the fourth intercostal space. in the event of blunt
trauma, rib bone fragments and fractured bone ends can penetrate the liver and spleen
paradoxical respirations
in the flail chest patient, the unattached chest wall segment is pulled inward during inhalation
(due to neg. pressure) and expands outward on exhalation. this is the opposite of normal and
results in very inefficient chest wall mechanics
what is the best parameter for serially monitoring our patient's diffusion status?
P:F ratio
pao2/fio2
objective way to measure diffusion and track changes over time
primary setback? this calculation requires an arterial blood sample
ANSWERS!!
migration of projectiles is most likely with which type of firearm
shotgun
fractures of which thoracic bones are associated with significant force?
first and second ribs
posterior ribs
sternum
scapulae
t2-10 vertebral bodies
interventions for rib fractures
these patients will be in a LOT of pain
adequate pain control
good pulmonary hygiene and toileting
what is a flail chest?
unstable chest wall
2 or more adjacent ribs fractured in 2 or more places, or a detached sternum
in a flail chest patient, the unnattached chest wall segment/fractured ribs is pulled inward during
inhalation due to negative pressure, and pushed outward during exhalation.
this is referred to as paradoxical respirations!
this can produce significant respiratory distress
traumatic displacement of cartilage from an adjacent rib is known as a ....
, costochondral separation
a patient with posterior rib fractures is at risk for injuries to the adjacent T spine
T spine vs C spine injuries in terms of force
C spine- frequently caused by rotation or shaking. it has no lateral support
T-spine injuries usually require a direct, forceful blow
any rib fracture is very painful and can significantly restrict ventilation, particularly in
geriatric patients. Older adults with rib fractures have twice the mortality of younger
patients with similar injuries. for each additional rib fracture in the elderly, the odds of
death increase by 19% and the risk of pneumonia increases by 27%
any injury between the nipples and naval should be considered...
both thoracic and abdominal injuries until determined otherwise.
at end expiration, the diaphragm rises as high as the fourth intercostal space. in the event of blunt
trauma, rib bone fragments and fractured bone ends can penetrate the liver and spleen
paradoxical respirations
in the flail chest patient, the unattached chest wall segment is pulled inward during inhalation
(due to neg. pressure) and expands outward on exhalation. this is the opposite of normal and
results in very inefficient chest wall mechanics
what is the best parameter for serially monitoring our patient's diffusion status?
P:F ratio
pao2/fio2
objective way to measure diffusion and track changes over time
primary setback? this calculation requires an arterial blood sample
