Micro Exam 1 Study Guide questions and answers (2025
2026 update) complete test (100% verified)
Lipid A is one of the 3 components of this molecule, found in the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria
- ✔✔ANS lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
lipid A: endotoxin: toxic to human
Which bacterial structure did the instructor describe an "invisibility cloak" worn by certain types of bacteria
- ✔✔ANS Glycocalyces has a capsule which protects the bacterium from the human immune system b
hiding (cloaking) it like sugar. The name Gylcocalyces mean "sweet cup"
Correct this Latin binomial so it has the correct form: bordetella Bronchiseptica - ✔✔ANS Bordetell
bronchiseptic
First letter capital
writing: underline each word
typing : italicize each word
Where are the genes located in a bacterium? - ✔✔ANS The genes are located in the nucleiod
Which scientist's experimental steps are still used today to establish causation between a microbe and
disease? - ✔✔ANS Robert Koch
Why are endospores used to measure the effectiveness of autoclave sterilization? - ✔✔ANS because thes
are killed only via sterilization, if the not dead then the autoclave must not be working.
, Which group of organisms discussed in lecture is most susceptible to the effects of 70% alcohol rubs?
✔✔ANS bacteria
Do bacteria use fimbriae for movement? - ✔✔ANS no, they use flagella for movement.
**fimbria for adherance (sticky)
What is the energy source when E.coli uses group translocation to transport glucose into its cytoplasm?
✔✔ANS PEP (phospoenol pyruvate) group transport
Why is a tick not considered a microbe? - ✔✔ANS They are not considered a microbe because if you can se
it easy is NOT a microbe
Which kind of glycocalyx is loosely bound to the cell wall? - ✔✔ANS slime layer
Which type of membrane transport involves ATP, active or passive? - ✔✔ANS Active Transport : diffusio
agains a diffusional gradient
The proton motive force relies on the production of a gradient of what ion? - ✔✔ANS H+ (hydrogen ion) ,PMF
protein
Which type of microbe discussed in lecture is composed of only protein and nucleic acid? - ✔✔ANS Virus
Which protein of the flagellum controls the direction of rotation? - ✔✔ANS Fli protein
Which bacterial structure contains flagellin? - ✔✔ANS filament
Do gram positive cell walls contain lipopolysaccharide? - ✔✔ANS No
What is the size of the components of the bacterial ribosome? - ✔✔ANS ***Prokaryotic:(ODD) 30s+50s= 70
{ Eukaryotic:(EVEN) 40s+60s=80s } extra info
2026 update) complete test (100% verified)
Lipid A is one of the 3 components of this molecule, found in the outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria
- ✔✔ANS lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
lipid A: endotoxin: toxic to human
Which bacterial structure did the instructor describe an "invisibility cloak" worn by certain types of bacteria
- ✔✔ANS Glycocalyces has a capsule which protects the bacterium from the human immune system b
hiding (cloaking) it like sugar. The name Gylcocalyces mean "sweet cup"
Correct this Latin binomial so it has the correct form: bordetella Bronchiseptica - ✔✔ANS Bordetell
bronchiseptic
First letter capital
writing: underline each word
typing : italicize each word
Where are the genes located in a bacterium? - ✔✔ANS The genes are located in the nucleiod
Which scientist's experimental steps are still used today to establish causation between a microbe and
disease? - ✔✔ANS Robert Koch
Why are endospores used to measure the effectiveness of autoclave sterilization? - ✔✔ANS because thes
are killed only via sterilization, if the not dead then the autoclave must not be working.
, Which group of organisms discussed in lecture is most susceptible to the effects of 70% alcohol rubs?
✔✔ANS bacteria
Do bacteria use fimbriae for movement? - ✔✔ANS no, they use flagella for movement.
**fimbria for adherance (sticky)
What is the energy source when E.coli uses group translocation to transport glucose into its cytoplasm?
✔✔ANS PEP (phospoenol pyruvate) group transport
Why is a tick not considered a microbe? - ✔✔ANS They are not considered a microbe because if you can se
it easy is NOT a microbe
Which kind of glycocalyx is loosely bound to the cell wall? - ✔✔ANS slime layer
Which type of membrane transport involves ATP, active or passive? - ✔✔ANS Active Transport : diffusio
agains a diffusional gradient
The proton motive force relies on the production of a gradient of what ion? - ✔✔ANS H+ (hydrogen ion) ,PMF
protein
Which type of microbe discussed in lecture is composed of only protein and nucleic acid? - ✔✔ANS Virus
Which protein of the flagellum controls the direction of rotation? - ✔✔ANS Fli protein
Which bacterial structure contains flagellin? - ✔✔ANS filament
Do gram positive cell walls contain lipopolysaccharide? - ✔✔ANS No
What is the size of the components of the bacterial ribosome? - ✔✔ANS ***Prokaryotic:(ODD) 30s+50s= 70
{ Eukaryotic:(EVEN) 40s+60s=80s } extra info
