2025/2026 Exam Questions and Answers
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Ch.1 List the general kinds of damage insect pests can cause - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-
Chew on seeds, roots, leaves, stems, & fruits
-Tunnel in roots, stems, & leaves
-Suck plant juices
-Promote gall formation and other malformations
-Inject toxins into plants -Transmit diseases to plants
-Create a nuisance for people
,Ch.1 Describe the structural features of insects - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Insects have:
body form has 3 regions: head, thorax, abdomen; 3 pairs of legs attached to thorax;
0, 1, or 2 pairs of wings attached to thorax; 1 pair of antennae
Ch.1 Explain how to distinguish insects from other arthropods - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Arthropods have: exoskeleton; body form has 2 regions: head & abdomen;
usually 4 pairs of legs attached to head; no wings; no antennae
Ch.1 Contrast the difference between simple and complete metamorphosis - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔-Simple: "Incomplete Metamorphosis"; 3 stages: egg, nymph, &
adult
-Complete: 4 distinct stages: egg, larva, pupa, & adult
Ch.1 Explain how temperature and humidity affect insect development - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔*Temperature & humidity preferences vary for each insect.
*Combined effect of both on reproduction & development is more dramatically
different than the effect of either alone.
-Temperature: development is faster with heat & slower with cold temps; insects
die at the high levels of developmental threshold temps and become inactive at low
levels
,-Humidity: effects insect diseases; effects moisture levels required for survival
Ch.1 List the advantages and disadvantages of using insecticides - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Advantages:
-Effective against economically damaging pests
-Can combine 1 or 2 insecticides to combat several pests
-They act quickly to control pests before reaching damaging levels
-For new pests, there are many compounds that have been proven effective
-Effective insecticides, suitable formulations, & application equipment are
normally available
Disadvantages:
-Often eliminate beneficial insects, allowing target organisms to rebound quickly
-Repeated exposure can lead to resistance in a pest population
-Yearly dependence on applications is an added cost
-Always a potential for drift, residues, and damage
Ch.2 Explain what determines whether a given plant is a weed - 🧠 ANSWER
✔✔Weeds are unwanted plants
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, Ch.2 List the two main goals of weed management - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔1. Minimize
weed competition
2. Limit the weed's reproduction so that you can still manage the weed population
in future years
Ch.2 Describe ways that weeds can pose problems in turf and landscapes (7) - 🧠
ANSWER ✔✔-Interfere with management practices
-Produce chemical inhibitors that directly retard the growth of desirable plants
(allelopathy)
-Create a poor impression on customers
-Interferes with pesticide applications
-Support insect pests and plant diseases or provide cover for rodents
-Are poisonous, allergenic, or irritating to people or pets
-Dry out or die and become fire hazards
Ch.2 Distinguish grasses from broadleaf plants and woody from herbaceous plants
- 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔-Grasses (Monocots): most common weeds; have a single seed
leaf (cotyledon) when they germinate; narrow leaves with parallel viens