ALU 101 – Heart UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Epicardium - CORRECT ANSWER - Serous membrane on the surface of the myocardium
Myocardium - CORRECT ANSWER - Heart muscle; forms the walls of the four chambers
Endocardium - CORRECT ANSWER - Endothelium that lines the chambers and covers
the valves; smooth to prevent abnormal clotting
Right Atrium - CORRECT ANSWER - Receives deoxyginated blood from the body via
Superior and Inferior Caval veins; atria produce ANP with increases urinary output and converts
white fat to brown fat
Tricuspid valve - CORRECT ANSWER - Right AV valve; prevents backlflow from RV to
the RA when RV contracts
Right Ventricle - CORRECT ANSWER - Pumps blood to the lungs by way of pulmonary
arteries
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve - CORRECT ANSWER - Prevents backflow of blood from
pulmonary artery to the RV when the RV relaxes
Left Atrium - CORRECT ANSWER - Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs by way
of the four pulmonary veins; produces ANP
Mitral Valve - CORRECT ANSWER - Left AV valve; prevents backflow of blood from
the LV to the LA when the LV contracts
Left Ventricle - CORRECT ANSWER - Pumps blood to the body by way of the aorta
, Aortic semilunar valve - CORRECT ANSWER - Prevents backflow of blood from the
aorta to the LV when the LV relaxes
Papillary muscles and chordae tendineae - CORRECT ANSWER - In both the RV and
LV; prevent inversion of the AV valves when the ventricles contract
Fibrous skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - Fibrous connective tissue that anchors the four
heart valves, prevents enlargement of the valve openings, and electrically insulates ventricles
from the atria
Myocardial Infarction - CORRECT ANSWER - Necrosis of a cardiac muscle due to the
complete blockage of blood flow
Stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER - The narrowing of a valve
Electrocardiogram - CORRECT ANSWER - The recording of electronic changes
generated by the myocardium
Arrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWER - Irregular heartbeats caused by damage to part of the
conduction pathway or ectopic focus
Flutter - CORRECT ANSWER - A rapid but fairly regular heartbeat
Fibrillation - CORRECT ANSWER - Very rapid and uncoordinated contractions
Heart Rate (aspect and normal range) - CORRECT ANSWER - 60-80; generated by the
SA node through the conduction pathway; parasympathetic impulses decrease rate; sympathetic
impulses increase rate
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Epicardium - CORRECT ANSWER - Serous membrane on the surface of the myocardium
Myocardium - CORRECT ANSWER - Heart muscle; forms the walls of the four chambers
Endocardium - CORRECT ANSWER - Endothelium that lines the chambers and covers
the valves; smooth to prevent abnormal clotting
Right Atrium - CORRECT ANSWER - Receives deoxyginated blood from the body via
Superior and Inferior Caval veins; atria produce ANP with increases urinary output and converts
white fat to brown fat
Tricuspid valve - CORRECT ANSWER - Right AV valve; prevents backlflow from RV to
the RA when RV contracts
Right Ventricle - CORRECT ANSWER - Pumps blood to the lungs by way of pulmonary
arteries
Pulmonary Semilunar Valve - CORRECT ANSWER - Prevents backflow of blood from
pulmonary artery to the RV when the RV relaxes
Left Atrium - CORRECT ANSWER - Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs by way
of the four pulmonary veins; produces ANP
Mitral Valve - CORRECT ANSWER - Left AV valve; prevents backflow of blood from
the LV to the LA when the LV contracts
Left Ventricle - CORRECT ANSWER - Pumps blood to the body by way of the aorta
, Aortic semilunar valve - CORRECT ANSWER - Prevents backflow of blood from the
aorta to the LV when the LV relaxes
Papillary muscles and chordae tendineae - CORRECT ANSWER - In both the RV and
LV; prevent inversion of the AV valves when the ventricles contract
Fibrous skeleton - CORRECT ANSWER - Fibrous connective tissue that anchors the four
heart valves, prevents enlargement of the valve openings, and electrically insulates ventricles
from the atria
Myocardial Infarction - CORRECT ANSWER - Necrosis of a cardiac muscle due to the
complete blockage of blood flow
Stenosis - CORRECT ANSWER - The narrowing of a valve
Electrocardiogram - CORRECT ANSWER - The recording of electronic changes
generated by the myocardium
Arrhythmia - CORRECT ANSWER - Irregular heartbeats caused by damage to part of the
conduction pathway or ectopic focus
Flutter - CORRECT ANSWER - A rapid but fairly regular heartbeat
Fibrillation - CORRECT ANSWER - Very rapid and uncoordinated contractions
Heart Rate (aspect and normal range) - CORRECT ANSWER - 60-80; generated by the
SA node through the conduction pathway; parasympathetic impulses decrease rate; sympathetic
impulses increase rate
