TEST BANK FOR Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology: Essentials for Clinical Practice 1st Edition COMPLETE GUIDE ALL CHAPTERS COVERED 100% VERIFIED A+ GRADE ASSURED!!!!! NEW LATEST UPDATE!!!!!

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Test Bank Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs 1




Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Clinic
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al Practice 1st Edition Tkacs
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Chapter 1. THE FOUNDATIONAL CONCEPTS OF CLINICALPRACTICE
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1. The characteristic, localized cardinal signs of acute inflammation include:
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A) fever.

B) fatigue.

C) redness.

D) granuloma.


2.
The vascular, hemodynamic stage of acute inflammation is initiated by
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momentary vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation that causes localized
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:
A) bleeding.

B) congestion.

C) pale skin. mf




D) coolness.


3.
The cellular stage of acute inflammation is marked by the movement of
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leukocytes into the area. Which of the following cells arrives early in gre
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at numbers?
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A) Basophils

B) Lymphocytes

C) Neutrophils

D) Platelets

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Test Bank Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs 2


4.
The phagocytosis process involves three distinct steps. What is the ini
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tial step in the process?
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A) Engulfment

B) Intracellular killing mf




C) Antigen margination mf




D) Recognition and adherence mf mf




5.
Which of the following mediators of inflammation causes increased capill
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ary permeability and pain?
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A) Serotonin

B) Histamine

C) Bradykinin

D) Nitric oxide mf




6.
Inflammatory exudates are a combination of several types. Which of t
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he following exudates is composed of enmeshed necrotic cells?
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A) Serous

B) Fibrinous

C) Suppurative

D) Membranous


7. The acute-
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phase systemic response usually begins within hours of the onset of inflam
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mation and includes: mf mf




A) fever and lethargy. mf mf




B) decreased C-reactive protein. mf mf




C) positive nitrogen balance. mf mf




D) low erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
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8.
In contrast to acute inflammation, chronic inflammation is characterized
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by which of the following phenomena?
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Test Bank Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs 3


A) Profuse fibrinous exudation mf mf




B) A shift to the left of granulocytes
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C) Metabolic and respiratory alkalosis mf mf mf




D) Lymphocytosis and activated macrophages mf mf mf




9. Exogenous pyrogens (interleukin- mf mf




1) and the presence of bacteria in the blood lead to the release of endogenou
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s pyrogens that:
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A) stabilize thermal control in the brain.
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B) produce leukocytosis and anorexia. mf mf mf




C) block viral replication in cells.
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D) inhibit prostaglandin release.
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10 An older adult patient has just sheared the skin on her elbow while attempted
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.
to boost herself up in bed, an event that has precipitated acute inflammat
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ion in the region surrounding the wound. Which of the following events w
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ill occur during the vascular stage of the patients inflammation?
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A) Outpouring of exudate into interstitial spaces mf mf mf mf mf




B) Chemotaxis

C) Accumulation of leukocytes along the epithelium mf mf mf mf mf




D) Phagocytosis of cellular debris mf mf mf




11 Which of the following individuals most likely has the highest risk of
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. experiencing chronic inflammation? mf mf




A) A patient who has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes
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B) A patient who is a carrier of an antibiotic-resistant organism
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C) A patient who is taking oral antibiotics for an upper respiratory infection
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D) A patient who is morbidly obese and who has a sedentary lifestyle
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12 Which of the following core body temperatures is within normal range?
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.

A) 35.9C (96.6F) mf

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Test Bank Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology Essentials for Clinical Practice 1st Edition Tkacs 4


B) 38.0C (100.4F) mf




C) 35.5C (95.9F) mf




D) 37.3C (99.1F) mf




13 A postsurgical patient who is recovering in the postanesthetic recovery unit
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.
states that she is freezing cold. Which of the following measures is likel
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y to be initiated in the patients hypothalamus in an effort to reduce heat lo
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ss?
A) Opening of arteriovenous (AV) shunts
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B) Reduced exhalation of warmed air mf mf mf mf




C) Contraction of pilomotor muscles mf mf mf




D) Decreased urine production mf mf




14 An elderly patient is dressed only in a hospital gown and complains of a
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.
draft in her room. Consequently, she has requested a warm blanket while
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she sits in her wheelchair. Which of the following mechanisms of heat loss i
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s most likely the primary cause of her request?
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A) Evaporation and conduction mf mf




B) Radiation and convection mf mf




C) Conduction and convection mf mf




D) Convection and evaporation mf mf




15 Which of the following pathophysiologic processes are capable of inducing
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. the production of pyrogens? Select all that apply.
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A) Acute inflammation mf




B) Obesity

C) Myocardial infarction mf




D) Malignancy

E) Renal failure mf




16 Which of the following patients is most likely to be susceptible to
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. developing a neurogenic fever? mf mf mf