RAD 112 COMBINED SET EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
projections - Answer-refer to how the x-ray beam enters the patient, relative to anatomic
position.
anteroposterior (AP) - Answer-"front to back"; x-ray beam enters the front (anterior) of
the patient and exits out the back (posterior).
posteroanterior (PA) - Answer-"back to front"; x-ray beam enters the back (posterior) of
the patient and exits out the front (anterior).
Axial - Answer-When the xray beam is angled
Lateral - Answer-when the x-ray beam is entering the patient 90° from AP or PA
body positions - Answer-refer to what is closest to the image receptor (IR), or the
position of the patient.
Left Anterior Oblique (LAO) - Answer-the front of the patient's left shoulder will be
touching the IR.
right anterior oblique (RAO) - Answer-the front of the patient's right shoulder will be
touching the IR.
right posterior oblique(RPO) - Answer-The back of the patients right shoulder will be
touching the IR
Left Posterior Oblique (LPO) - Answer-The back of the patients left shoulder will be
touching the IR
Recumbent - Answer-laying down
Erect - Answer-standing
Supine - Answer-Patient is laying on their back
prone - Answer-Patient is laying with their front to the table ( laying on their stomach)
decubitus - Answer-Patient is recumbent with a horizontal central ray (CR)
, Body Habitus - Answer-refers to the body type, or build, of an individual. There are 4
types, listed from largest to smallest:
Hypersthenic - Answer-5% of people; massively built. Has a broad and deep thorax
from front to back but is shallow in vertical dimension.
Sthenic - Answer-50% of people; average build
Hyposthenic - Answer-35% of people; slender, but near average
Asthenic - Answer-10% of people; very slender, with a thorax that is narrow in width and
shallow from front to back
kVp and mAs - Answer-There are two technical factors that are set by the xray
technologists when taking an xray .
mAs is broken down into 2 parts - Answer-mA and time (s)
mA - Answer-milliamperage; the controlling factor for the "density" or "brightness" of the
image. It also controls the quantity of x-ray photons you are sending to the image
receptor (IR)
Time(s) - Answer-time, in seconds, is multiplied by mA to yield a value for mAs. If time
is given for an exposure in another unit, it MUST be converted to seconds first. Because
mAs can be broken down, the length of the exposure can be manipulated to create a
quality image, without affecting the milliamperage.
▪ mA x time (in seconds) = mAs
kVp - Answer-kilovoltage peak; the controlling factor for the "contrast" of the image. It
also controls the quality of the x-ray photons being sent to the image receptor (IR).
Anode - Answer-positive side of x-ray tube
Cathode - Answer-Negative side of the x-ray tube
SID - Answer-an acronym for "source to image distance", source referring to the x-ray
tube, and image referring to the image receptor (IR).
OID - Answer-an acronym for "object to image distance", object referring to the body
part you are imaging, and image referring to the image receptor (IR). Zero OID is
desirable in imaging, or the image will appear magnified.
cephalad/cranial - Answer-When the central ray (CR) of the x-ray tube is angled toward
the head, in relation to the patient's body.
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
projections - Answer-refer to how the x-ray beam enters the patient, relative to anatomic
position.
anteroposterior (AP) - Answer-"front to back"; x-ray beam enters the front (anterior) of
the patient and exits out the back (posterior).
posteroanterior (PA) - Answer-"back to front"; x-ray beam enters the back (posterior) of
the patient and exits out the front (anterior).
Axial - Answer-When the xray beam is angled
Lateral - Answer-when the x-ray beam is entering the patient 90° from AP or PA
body positions - Answer-refer to what is closest to the image receptor (IR), or the
position of the patient.
Left Anterior Oblique (LAO) - Answer-the front of the patient's left shoulder will be
touching the IR.
right anterior oblique (RAO) - Answer-the front of the patient's right shoulder will be
touching the IR.
right posterior oblique(RPO) - Answer-The back of the patients right shoulder will be
touching the IR
Left Posterior Oblique (LPO) - Answer-The back of the patients left shoulder will be
touching the IR
Recumbent - Answer-laying down
Erect - Answer-standing
Supine - Answer-Patient is laying on their back
prone - Answer-Patient is laying with their front to the table ( laying on their stomach)
decubitus - Answer-Patient is recumbent with a horizontal central ray (CR)
, Body Habitus - Answer-refers to the body type, or build, of an individual. There are 4
types, listed from largest to smallest:
Hypersthenic - Answer-5% of people; massively built. Has a broad and deep thorax
from front to back but is shallow in vertical dimension.
Sthenic - Answer-50% of people; average build
Hyposthenic - Answer-35% of people; slender, but near average
Asthenic - Answer-10% of people; very slender, with a thorax that is narrow in width and
shallow from front to back
kVp and mAs - Answer-There are two technical factors that are set by the xray
technologists when taking an xray .
mAs is broken down into 2 parts - Answer-mA and time (s)
mA - Answer-milliamperage; the controlling factor for the "density" or "brightness" of the
image. It also controls the quantity of x-ray photons you are sending to the image
receptor (IR)
Time(s) - Answer-time, in seconds, is multiplied by mA to yield a value for mAs. If time
is given for an exposure in another unit, it MUST be converted to seconds first. Because
mAs can be broken down, the length of the exposure can be manipulated to create a
quality image, without affecting the milliamperage.
▪ mA x time (in seconds) = mAs
kVp - Answer-kilovoltage peak; the controlling factor for the "contrast" of the image. It
also controls the quality of the x-ray photons being sent to the image receptor (IR).
Anode - Answer-positive side of x-ray tube
Cathode - Answer-Negative side of the x-ray tube
SID - Answer-an acronym for "source to image distance", source referring to the x-ray
tube, and image referring to the image receptor (IR).
OID - Answer-an acronym for "object to image distance", object referring to the body
part you are imaging, and image referring to the image receptor (IR). Zero OID is
desirable in imaging, or the image will appear magnified.
cephalad/cranial - Answer-When the central ray (CR) of the x-ray tube is angled toward
the head, in relation to the patient's body.
