MICR 4423 Exam 5 QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWERS 2025(GRADED A+) DETAILED
ANSWERS!!
Pros- faster, cheaper, more available to people in
List at least one pro and
rural areas that do not have access to a doctor
one con of having
Cons- Risk of inappropriate treatment (people might
antibiotics available over
choose the wrong antibiotic or not take it for long
the counter.
enough), risk of development of antibiotic resistance.
What is the most In agriculture, raising animals for human food
prevalent/biggest use of consumption.
antibiotics worldwide and
in the USA?
What effects do antibiotics They promote growth and give the animals reduced
have when added to instance of disease.
animal feed?
What is meant by growth Faster weight gain, more weight gain with less food,
promotion? more protein and less fat in the meat.
With less risk of infections you could raise animals in
How did the advent of closer confinement without worrying about the
antibiotics help enable potential spread of disease. Also by causing the
modern industrial animal animals to reach market weight more quickly, farmers
production? could turn around more animals and make a greater
profit.
Name a class of antibiotics Almost all are used. Chloramphenicol is not because
that is used or not used in its residues are detectable in meat. Oxazolidinones
animals. are not (no linezolid).
, Why is monensin It is not a clinical antibiotic used in humans and there
considered a generally are no documented cases of antibiotic resistance to it.
safe antibiotic in the cattle
and dairy industries?
It is an ionophore. It allows sodium ions to cross the
What is the mechanism of
cell membrane, enter the bacterial cell, and prevent it
action of monensin?
from growing.
Antibiotics affect the gut bacteria of animals. It lowers
the concentration of some species and reduces
What is the generally competition between the enimal and the animal's
accepted mechanism for microbiota for nutrients, so that the animal utilizes
how antibiotics permit more of its nutrients. It also reduces low level
animal growth promotion? inflammation in the gut, which increases the ability of
the intestinal lining to absorb nutrients, so the animals
get more energy from their food.
What evidence led Antibiotics that do not enter the bloodstream (limited
scientists to believe that to the gut) still work for growth promotion and when
growth-promoting germ free animals are given antibiotics growth
antibiotics affect gut promotion does not occur.
bacteria rather than the
physiology of the animals?
Antibiotic growth Increased risk of antibiotic resistance developing
promotion has many because of antibiotic selection. When there are
advantages. What is the antibiotics and bacteria in lots of places, there are a
downside? lot of bacteria being put under selection.
ANSWERS 2025(GRADED A+) DETAILED
ANSWERS!!
Pros- faster, cheaper, more available to people in
List at least one pro and
rural areas that do not have access to a doctor
one con of having
Cons- Risk of inappropriate treatment (people might
antibiotics available over
choose the wrong antibiotic or not take it for long
the counter.
enough), risk of development of antibiotic resistance.
What is the most In agriculture, raising animals for human food
prevalent/biggest use of consumption.
antibiotics worldwide and
in the USA?
What effects do antibiotics They promote growth and give the animals reduced
have when added to instance of disease.
animal feed?
What is meant by growth Faster weight gain, more weight gain with less food,
promotion? more protein and less fat in the meat.
With less risk of infections you could raise animals in
How did the advent of closer confinement without worrying about the
antibiotics help enable potential spread of disease. Also by causing the
modern industrial animal animals to reach market weight more quickly, farmers
production? could turn around more animals and make a greater
profit.
Name a class of antibiotics Almost all are used. Chloramphenicol is not because
that is used or not used in its residues are detectable in meat. Oxazolidinones
animals. are not (no linezolid).
, Why is monensin It is not a clinical antibiotic used in humans and there
considered a generally are no documented cases of antibiotic resistance to it.
safe antibiotic in the cattle
and dairy industries?
It is an ionophore. It allows sodium ions to cross the
What is the mechanism of
cell membrane, enter the bacterial cell, and prevent it
action of monensin?
from growing.
Antibiotics affect the gut bacteria of animals. It lowers
the concentration of some species and reduces
What is the generally competition between the enimal and the animal's
accepted mechanism for microbiota for nutrients, so that the animal utilizes
how antibiotics permit more of its nutrients. It also reduces low level
animal growth promotion? inflammation in the gut, which increases the ability of
the intestinal lining to absorb nutrients, so the animals
get more energy from their food.
What evidence led Antibiotics that do not enter the bloodstream (limited
scientists to believe that to the gut) still work for growth promotion and when
growth-promoting germ free animals are given antibiotics growth
antibiotics affect gut promotion does not occur.
bacteria rather than the
physiology of the animals?
Antibiotic growth Increased risk of antibiotic resistance developing
promotion has many because of antibiotic selection. When there are
advantages. What is the antibiotics and bacteria in lots of places, there are a
downside? lot of bacteria being put under selection.
