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advocate the protection of human or legal rights and the securing of care for all patients based on the belief that patients have the right to make informed decisions about their health and lives caregiver The provision of care to patients that combines both the art and the science of nursing in meeting physical, emotional, intellectual, sociocultural, and spiritual needs. As a caregiver, the nurse integrates the roles of communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher, advocate, and collaborator to promote wellness through activities that prevent illness, restore health, and facilitate coping with disability or death. The role of caregiver is the primary role of the nurse. 4 Nursing Aims 1. promotes health 2. prevent illness/disease 3. restore health 4. facilitate coping with disability or death(die with dignity) Florence Nightingale Established sanitary nursing care units. Founder of modern nursing. began professional education of nursing. 8/7/25, 8:21 PM Foundations Midterm Jersey College Flashcards | Quizlet well defined body of specific and unique knowledge strong service oriented recognized authority by a professional group Code of Ethics Professional organization that sets standards Ongoing research Autonomy and self-regulation Standards of Nursing Practice allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving as protection for the nurse, the patient, and the institution where health care is provided Nurse Practice Act laws established in each state in the US to regulate the practice of nursing Nursing Process Assessment Diagnosis Planning Implementation Evaluation Used by the nurse to identify the patients health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a care plan to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan Sources of Knowledge Traditional-passed down from generation to generation Authoritative-comes from an expert Scientific-implying through research (scientific method) General Systems Theory how to break whole things into parts and then to learn how the parts work together in systems Adaptation Theory defines adaptation as the adjustment of living matter to other living things and to environmental conditions developmental theory process of growth and development of humans as orderly and predictable, beginning with conception and ending with death 8/7/25, 8:21 PM Foundations Midterm Jersey College Flashcards | Quizlet differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities by serving the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices deductive reasoning general to specific inductive reasoning specific to general Common Concepts in Nursing Theories Person (patient) Environment Health Nursing Sister Callista Roy Nursing interventions are needed when individuals demonstrate ineffective adaptive responses; adaptive modes. adaptation model, relationships between persons, universe, god, Adaptation model: assistance with the adaptation to stressors to facilitate the integration process of the client. Theory helps the "biospsychosocial" client modify external stimuli, adaptation will occur evidence-based practice in nursing is a problem solving approach to making clinical decisions using the best evidence available PICOT format Patient population Intervention or issue of interest Comparison intervention Outcome Time frame holistic health care care that addresses the many dimensions that comprise the whole person- the nurse must understand and respect each persons own definition of health and responses to illness acute illness has a rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a relatively short time chronic illness irreversible illness that causes permanent physical impairment and requires long-term health care 8/7/25, 8:21 PM Foundations Midterm Jersey College Flashcards | Quizlet heart disease, stroke, cancer, type 2 diabetes, obesity, arthritis Illness Behaviors actions taken by a person who feels sick and indulges in the behavior for the purpose of defining the state of his or her health and for discovering suitable remedies