Jersey College A&P Questions and Answers Best rated A+ Guaranteed Success Latest Update

Physiology The study of body function Nervous system Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs. Controls & coordinates the body. Endocrine system Produce hormones, regulate growth, nutrient utilization, & reproduction. Includes thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands. Cardiovascular system Heart and blood vessels. Pumps blood to all body tissues, bringing nutrients and necessary substances. Skeletal system System of 206 bones and the joints between them. Body's basic framework. Muscular System Attached to bones. Produce movement of skeletal system, give the body structure, protect organs, maintain posture. Organ System A group of organs that work together in performing vital body functions. Integumentary System The skin and its associated structures (hair, nails, sweat & oil glands). Protects from injury and infection. Tissues Specialized groups of cells. Organs Tissues that organized together to preform the same function. Homeostasis State of internal balance or constancy regulated variable The variable that the system senses and tries to keep stable. Body temp, BP, blood gas concentration, volume and composition of fluids. negative feedback A primary mechanism of homeostasis. Keeps regulated variables in a normal range by reversing the upward/downward shift. -sensor, control center, effector 8/7/25, 8:01 PM Jersey College A&P Flashcards | Quizlet All organs that are involved with taking in nutrients and converting them into a form that cells can use & absorb. Mouth, esophagus, stomach, sm & lg intestines, gallbladder, pancreas. Urinary System Rids the body of waste products & excess matter. Main mechanism for balancing volume and composition of body fluids. Kidneys, uterus, bladder, urethra. Reproductive System External sex organs and all related internal structures concerned with reproduction. Lymphatic System Vessels assist in circulation by returning fluids from tissues to blood. Protect against disease, aids in absorption of fats. Tonsils, thymus, spleen. Respiratory System Lungs & the passages leading from the lungs. Takes in air & conducts it to an area in the lungs for gas exchange. Oxygen passes from air to blood and is carried to tissues by the cardiovascular system. Carbon dioxide is taken from the tissues to the lungs to be expelled. Sensor Gathers information about a specific variable. Control Center Compares values to their normal range (set point). Effector Increases or decreases its activity as necessary in response to signals from the control center. These actions restore a normal level of the regulated variable. Intracellular fluid Fluid inside cells Extracellular fluid Fluid outside the cell. Ex) Blood plasma, lymph, fluid between cells in tissues. 8/7/25, 8:01 PM Jersey College A&P Flashcards | Quizlet A difference in specific physical or chemical values between two areas. Medial Toward the midline. Opposite: Lateral Lateral Further from the midline Opposite: Medial Anterior Towards the front. Opposite: Posterior Posterior Toward the back. Opposite: Anterior Superior Above, towards the head. Opposte: Inferior Inferior Below/lower, toward the feet. Opposite: Superior Resistance All factors that inhibit flow down a particular gradient. Proximal Closer to a point of origin. Opposite: Distal Distal Further from a point of origin. Opposite: Proximal