5.0 AQUATIC AND MOSQUITO COURSE QUESTIONS
List the roles plants play in a healthy aquatic ecosystem - Answer -producing oxygen,
preventing erosion, lessening excess nutrients, stabilizing the lake bottom, and
providing habitat and food
List ways that excessive plant growth can adversely affect the ecology and uses of a
water body - Answer -Harm the ecology of an aquatic ecosystem, prevent recreational
uses, impart tastes or odors to drinking water supplies, hamper water treatment,
adversely affect aesthetics/ property value, and produce toxins
Free-floating plants are typically problematic along shorelines because they are
windblown. Very difficult to control in large bodies of water and b/c they reproduce
quickly through cloning
Rooted plants reproduce by seed and through roots and rhizomes. These plants provide
valuable cover for fish and are only rarely a nuisance
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems
caused by free floating, rooted, and filamentous algae - Answer -without stems, leaves,
or a water- and food‑conducting vascular system. found floating or attached to
submerged surfaces. As the summer progresses and the weather becomes warmer,
these plants multiply rapidly. Free-floating algae are responsible for many of the
summer "algae blooms.
List the advantages of chemical control of aquatic plants and algae - Answer -longer
lasting control than some mechanical methods., May involve less physical labor, Some
herbicides or algicides at specific rates may be selective, Can be effective tools in the
tool box for the control of invasive and nuisance plants and algae
List the disadvantages of chemical control of aquatic plants and algae - Answer -Can
lead to restrictions on water use, Large treatments can lead to too much die-offs leading
to oxygen depletion and fish kills., Sudden release of nutrients into the water can lead to
increases in other problems, Inherent risk to people and nontarget organisms
Describe the beneficial roles of Wisconsin's fish populations - Answer -help maintain
balanced communities by feeding on aquatic plants, insects, and other fish, and by
providing a food source for natural predators
List five types of situations in which fish control may be warranted - Answer -Eliminating
undesirable or competing fish from fish rearing ponds, Removing exotic (nonnative) or
other undesirable species from a body of water, Thinning stunted fish, Eliminating fish
from a hatchery water supply to prevent a potential reservoir of disease-causing
organisms, Treating fish spawning sites to prevent overpopulation of an individual
species
,Explain why post-treatment management of fish can be important in the long-term
success of a pesticide treatment project - Answer -removal or reduction of fish
populations is the first step in a total management program, Determine whether
eliminating or reducing all or only a few species would accomplish the long‑range goal.
objective will help determine which pesticide you use, its concentration, and how and
when you apply it..
what do you need to do before you can conduct any chemical treatment for fish control -
Answer -get approval from the WDNR
List the two main reasons why mosquito control may be warranted - Answer -nuisance
control and vector control
Describe the four stages of the mosquito life cycle, including the main structural features
of each - Answer -1. Egg- 1/25 inch long, light color. most hatch within 3 days
2. Larvae- 4 developmental stages, segmented, breathing hole
3. Pupae- transitional non feeding stage, lasts a few days, suspended at surface
4. Adults- females feed on blood, adults on nectar. males have bushier, longer
antennae
List the types of information you need about a mosquito species before you can develop
an effective program to control it - Answer -information on breeding sites, # of
generation/ year, host preference, seasonal population levels, flight range, resting
areas, if they can transmit pathogens, whether the mosquitos carry pathogens
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems
caused by emergent aquatic plants - Answer -growth extending above the water line,
spread by an underground root system and by seed,. They can exclude recreational
pursuits and choke out water ways in high numbers
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems
caused by submergent aquatic plants - Answer -growth occurring below the water line,
spread by vegetative root system, seed and fracturing, Typically these plants do not
cause problems, besides invasive species
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems
caused by free floating and rooted floating aquatic plants - Answer -occur on the water
surface. free floating with short roots not attached to the bottom, or rooted plants with
large floating leaves.
Describe the habits and life history of Aedes vexans - Answer -"inland floodwater
mosquito,", roadside puddles; woodland pools; shallow, open, temporary pools; and
river bottoms. Adults commonly migrate 15 to 20 miles or more from breeding sites and
can live for 3 to 4 weeks. Eggs can remain dormant for up to 5 years.
, Describe the habits and life history of Culex Species - Answer -breed in temporary or
permanent pools of water that are high in organic material, readily breeds in artificial
containers (Figure 5) and other structures commonly associated with humans, such as
ditches and sewage lagoons.
transmits st. louis encephalitis and west nile virus
Describe the habits and life history of Aedes triseriatus - Answer -"tree‑hole mosquito"
that breeds in old tires, tin cans, barrels, and tree holes and stumps. main vector of La
Crosse encephalitis.
List the three main mosquito-transmitted diseases that occur in Wisconsin and know the
mosquito vector for each - Answer -La Crosse Encephalitis - Aedes triseriatus
West Nile Virus - Culex pipiens
Dog Heartworm - Aedes vexans
Define the word pesticide - Answer -any substance used to directly control pest
populations or to prevent or reduce pest damage
Selectivity of Pesticides - Answer -refers to how broad, or narrow, a range of pests a
particular chemical will control
Systemic vs. Contact Pesticides - Answer -Systemic pesticides are absorbed through
leaves or roots of treated plants and then translocated
contact pesticides are not absorbed by treated plants. These pesticides must directly
touch the pest
Persistence - Answer -how long they remain active to control pests
Contrast the difference between organic, inorganic and microbial pesticides - Answer -
Organic Pesticides- organic simply means the chemical compound contains the element
carbon. They are often extremely effective and some are quite specific in their activity.
Inorganic Pesticides- typically derived from minerals that occur in nature, They are
usually toxic to a wide range of organisms
Microbial Pesticides- active ingredient are disease causing bacteria, viruses and fungi.
highly specific to the specific pests..
Pesticide Resistance - Answer -Pests often develop resistance to repeated use of the
same pesticide, or even different pesticides that are from the same class
List the roles plants play in a healthy aquatic ecosystem - Answer -producing oxygen,
preventing erosion, lessening excess nutrients, stabilizing the lake bottom, and
providing habitat and food
List ways that excessive plant growth can adversely affect the ecology and uses of a
water body - Answer -Harm the ecology of an aquatic ecosystem, prevent recreational
uses, impart tastes or odors to drinking water supplies, hamper water treatment,
adversely affect aesthetics/ property value, and produce toxins
Free-floating plants are typically problematic along shorelines because they are
windblown. Very difficult to control in large bodies of water and b/c they reproduce
quickly through cloning
Rooted plants reproduce by seed and through roots and rhizomes. These plants provide
valuable cover for fish and are only rarely a nuisance
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems
caused by free floating, rooted, and filamentous algae - Answer -without stems, leaves,
or a water- and food‑conducting vascular system. found floating or attached to
submerged surfaces. As the summer progresses and the weather becomes warmer,
these plants multiply rapidly. Free-floating algae are responsible for many of the
summer "algae blooms.
List the advantages of chemical control of aquatic plants and algae - Answer -longer
lasting control than some mechanical methods., May involve less physical labor, Some
herbicides or algicides at specific rates may be selective, Can be effective tools in the
tool box for the control of invasive and nuisance plants and algae
List the disadvantages of chemical control of aquatic plants and algae - Answer -Can
lead to restrictions on water use, Large treatments can lead to too much die-offs leading
to oxygen depletion and fish kills., Sudden release of nutrients into the water can lead to
increases in other problems, Inherent risk to people and nontarget organisms
Describe the beneficial roles of Wisconsin's fish populations - Answer -help maintain
balanced communities by feeding on aquatic plants, insects, and other fish, and by
providing a food source for natural predators
List five types of situations in which fish control may be warranted - Answer -Eliminating
undesirable or competing fish from fish rearing ponds, Removing exotic (nonnative) or
other undesirable species from a body of water, Thinning stunted fish, Eliminating fish
from a hatchery water supply to prevent a potential reservoir of disease-causing
organisms, Treating fish spawning sites to prevent overpopulation of an individual
species
,Explain why post-treatment management of fish can be important in the long-term
success of a pesticide treatment project - Answer -removal or reduction of fish
populations is the first step in a total management program, Determine whether
eliminating or reducing all or only a few species would accomplish the long‑range goal.
objective will help determine which pesticide you use, its concentration, and how and
when you apply it..
what do you need to do before you can conduct any chemical treatment for fish control -
Answer -get approval from the WDNR
List the two main reasons why mosquito control may be warranted - Answer -nuisance
control and vector control
Describe the four stages of the mosquito life cycle, including the main structural features
of each - Answer -1. Egg- 1/25 inch long, light color. most hatch within 3 days
2. Larvae- 4 developmental stages, segmented, breathing hole
3. Pupae- transitional non feeding stage, lasts a few days, suspended at surface
4. Adults- females feed on blood, adults on nectar. males have bushier, longer
antennae
List the types of information you need about a mosquito species before you can develop
an effective program to control it - Answer -information on breeding sites, # of
generation/ year, host preference, seasonal population levels, flight range, resting
areas, if they can transmit pathogens, whether the mosquitos carry pathogens
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems
caused by emergent aquatic plants - Answer -growth extending above the water line,
spread by an underground root system and by seed,. They can exclude recreational
pursuits and choke out water ways in high numbers
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems
caused by submergent aquatic plants - Answer -growth occurring below the water line,
spread by vegetative root system, seed and fracturing, Typically these plants do not
cause problems, besides invasive species
Describe the general growth habits of, means of dispersal, and potential problems
caused by free floating and rooted floating aquatic plants - Answer -occur on the water
surface. free floating with short roots not attached to the bottom, or rooted plants with
large floating leaves.
Describe the habits and life history of Aedes vexans - Answer -"inland floodwater
mosquito,", roadside puddles; woodland pools; shallow, open, temporary pools; and
river bottoms. Adults commonly migrate 15 to 20 miles or more from breeding sites and
can live for 3 to 4 weeks. Eggs can remain dormant for up to 5 years.
, Describe the habits and life history of Culex Species - Answer -breed in temporary or
permanent pools of water that are high in organic material, readily breeds in artificial
containers (Figure 5) and other structures commonly associated with humans, such as
ditches and sewage lagoons.
transmits st. louis encephalitis and west nile virus
Describe the habits and life history of Aedes triseriatus - Answer -"tree‑hole mosquito"
that breeds in old tires, tin cans, barrels, and tree holes and stumps. main vector of La
Crosse encephalitis.
List the three main mosquito-transmitted diseases that occur in Wisconsin and know the
mosquito vector for each - Answer -La Crosse Encephalitis - Aedes triseriatus
West Nile Virus - Culex pipiens
Dog Heartworm - Aedes vexans
Define the word pesticide - Answer -any substance used to directly control pest
populations or to prevent or reduce pest damage
Selectivity of Pesticides - Answer -refers to how broad, or narrow, a range of pests a
particular chemical will control
Systemic vs. Contact Pesticides - Answer -Systemic pesticides are absorbed through
leaves or roots of treated plants and then translocated
contact pesticides are not absorbed by treated plants. These pesticides must directly
touch the pest
Persistence - Answer -how long they remain active to control pests
Contrast the difference between organic, inorganic and microbial pesticides - Answer -
Organic Pesticides- organic simply means the chemical compound contains the element
carbon. They are often extremely effective and some are quite specific in their activity.
Inorganic Pesticides- typically derived from minerals that occur in nature, They are
usually toxic to a wide range of organisms
Microbial Pesticides- active ingredient are disease causing bacteria, viruses and fungi.
highly specific to the specific pests..
Pesticide Resistance - Answer -Pests often develop resistance to repeated use of the
same pesticide, or even different pesticides that are from the same class
