MSN 671 CHAPTER 4 STAHL QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
B. Glutamate and glycine - Answer -The activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)
receptors requires the presence of:
A. Glutamate only
B. Glutamate and glycine.
C. Glutamate, glycine and magnesium.
Hypofunctioning NMDA receptors - Answer -A leading hypothesis of psychosis is:
A. Hyperfunctioning NMDA receptors.
B. Hypofunctioning NMDA receptors.
C. Excessive DA release in the NA and reduced DA release in the PFC. - Answer -
Dysfunction at NMDA-receptor containing synapses is hypothesized to lead to
excessive glutamate release in the ventral tegmental area. Downstream this is
hypothesized to lead to what effects on dopamine (DA):
A. Excessive DA release in the nucleus accumbens (NA) and excessive DA release in
the prefrontal cortex (PC)
B. Reduced DA release in the NA and reduced DA release in the PFC
C. Excessive DA release in the NA and reduced DA release in the PFC
D.Reduced DA release in the NA and excessive DA release in the PFC.
C. Rareley used synapses are pruned, while frequently used synapses are preserved. -
Answer -The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia centers heavily around
the idea that aberrant competitive elimination occurs. Competitive elimination is a stage
of neurodevelopment in which:
A. Embryonic stem cells either die or differentiate into immature neurons.
B. Newly sprouted axons compete with each other to form synaptic connections at
dendrites.
C.Rarely used synapses are pruned while frequently used synapses are preserved.
C. Serotonin, glutamate, dopamine (SGD) - Answer -What three neurotransmitter
systems are implicated in the neuropathology of psychosis?
A. Dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin.
B. Norepinephrine, serotonin, glutamate
C. Serotonin, glutamate, dopamine
D. Glutamate, dopamine, norepinephrine.
A. 5HT1A and 5HT1B/D receptors - Answer -Which receptor subtypes act as
presynaptic autoreceptors to inhibit serotonin release?
A. 5HT1A and 5HT1B/D receptors
B. 5HT2A and 5HT3 receptors
C. 5HT6 and 5HT7 receptors
ANSWERS
B. Glutamate and glycine - Answer -The activation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)
receptors requires the presence of:
A. Glutamate only
B. Glutamate and glycine.
C. Glutamate, glycine and magnesium.
Hypofunctioning NMDA receptors - Answer -A leading hypothesis of psychosis is:
A. Hyperfunctioning NMDA receptors.
B. Hypofunctioning NMDA receptors.
C. Excessive DA release in the NA and reduced DA release in the PFC. - Answer -
Dysfunction at NMDA-receptor containing synapses is hypothesized to lead to
excessive glutamate release in the ventral tegmental area. Downstream this is
hypothesized to lead to what effects on dopamine (DA):
A. Excessive DA release in the nucleus accumbens (NA) and excessive DA release in
the prefrontal cortex (PC)
B. Reduced DA release in the NA and reduced DA release in the PFC
C. Excessive DA release in the NA and reduced DA release in the PFC
D.Reduced DA release in the NA and excessive DA release in the PFC.
C. Rareley used synapses are pruned, while frequently used synapses are preserved. -
Answer -The neurodevelopmental hypothesis of schizophrenia centers heavily around
the idea that aberrant competitive elimination occurs. Competitive elimination is a stage
of neurodevelopment in which:
A. Embryonic stem cells either die or differentiate into immature neurons.
B. Newly sprouted axons compete with each other to form synaptic connections at
dendrites.
C.Rarely used synapses are pruned while frequently used synapses are preserved.
C. Serotonin, glutamate, dopamine (SGD) - Answer -What three neurotransmitter
systems are implicated in the neuropathology of psychosis?
A. Dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin.
B. Norepinephrine, serotonin, glutamate
C. Serotonin, glutamate, dopamine
D. Glutamate, dopamine, norepinephrine.
A. 5HT1A and 5HT1B/D receptors - Answer -Which receptor subtypes act as
presynaptic autoreceptors to inhibit serotonin release?
A. 5HT1A and 5HT1B/D receptors
B. 5HT2A and 5HT3 receptors
C. 5HT6 and 5HT7 receptors
