HUMAN BODY IN HEALTH & DISEASE
FINAL EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Differentiate between anatomy & physiology. - ANS Anatomy is a study of the physical
structure of an organism, while physiology involves the study of the functions
Explain how anatomy & physiology are interrelated. - ANS An understanding of anatomy is
critical to the study of physiology, and learning about physiology is important to people who
want to understand how anatomical structures work
Define homeostasis. - ANS Keeping things constant; maintaining stable conditions
Explain how homeostasis and health are maintained by a system of positive or negative
feedback - ANS Positive feedback creates more of a change, negative feedback reverses
change
Give examples of positive feedback. - ANS Blood clotting, child birth
Give examples of negative feedback. - ANS Insulin, thermometer
What occurs when homeostasis is not maintained? - ANS Hypothermia, heatstroke
Describe the structural organization of the human body from the molecular level to the body as
a whole. - ANS Molecules, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Systems, Organism
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, Define each level of structural organization. - ANS
Molecular level - ANS Atoms combine to form molecules
Cellular level - ANS Cells are made up of molecules
Tissue level - ANS Tissues consist of similar types of cells
Organ level - ANS Organs are made up of different types of tissues
Body System level - ANS Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely
Organism level - ANS The human organism is made up of many organ systems.
The reference position for all body directional terms, with the body standing upright, facing
forward, arms at the sides with palms forward, and feet parallel is described as
______________ position. - ANS Anatomical
Describe body planes and be prepared to explain their application. - ANS
Transverse (horizontal or axial) - ANS divides into superior & inferior
Frontal (coronal) - ANS divides into anterior & posterior
Sagittal - ANS divides into right & left sides
Describe directional terms and be prepared to explain their application. - ANS
2 Copyright ©BRIGHSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2025
FINAL EXAM 2025 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Differentiate between anatomy & physiology. - ANS Anatomy is a study of the physical
structure of an organism, while physiology involves the study of the functions
Explain how anatomy & physiology are interrelated. - ANS An understanding of anatomy is
critical to the study of physiology, and learning about physiology is important to people who
want to understand how anatomical structures work
Define homeostasis. - ANS Keeping things constant; maintaining stable conditions
Explain how homeostasis and health are maintained by a system of positive or negative
feedback - ANS Positive feedback creates more of a change, negative feedback reverses
change
Give examples of positive feedback. - ANS Blood clotting, child birth
Give examples of negative feedback. - ANS Insulin, thermometer
What occurs when homeostasis is not maintained? - ANS Hypothermia, heatstroke
Describe the structural organization of the human body from the molecular level to the body as
a whole. - ANS Molecules, Cells, Tissues, Organs, Systems, Organism
1 Copyright ©BRIGHSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2025
, Define each level of structural organization. - ANS
Molecular level - ANS Atoms combine to form molecules
Cellular level - ANS Cells are made up of molecules
Tissue level - ANS Tissues consist of similar types of cells
Organ level - ANS Organs are made up of different types of tissues
Body System level - ANS Organ systems consist of different organs that work together closely
Organism level - ANS The human organism is made up of many organ systems.
The reference position for all body directional terms, with the body standing upright, facing
forward, arms at the sides with palms forward, and feet parallel is described as
______________ position. - ANS Anatomical
Describe body planes and be prepared to explain their application. - ANS
Transverse (horizontal or axial) - ANS divides into superior & inferior
Frontal (coronal) - ANS divides into anterior & posterior
Sagittal - ANS divides into right & left sides
Describe directional terms and be prepared to explain their application. - ANS
2 Copyright ©BRIGHSTARS ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2025
