USU COMD 4500 EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND
ACCURATE ANSWERS
NPO - answer nothing by mouth (nil per os)
Non-oral feeding options - answer nasogastric tube
PEG (percutaneous endoscopic gastronomy)
TPN (total pareneral nutrition)
dietary modifications for dysphagia - answer when dysphagia is severe and other
strategies aren't working
puree foods and or thicken
behavioral treatment of dysphagia - answer can be implemented immed. and useful for
temporary dysphagia
change bolus volume or viscosity
posture adjustments
thermal tactile stim
active therapy (tight breath hold, prolong larynx elevation, increase muscle effort
mechanical dysphagia esophageal phase - answer physical constriction or blockage
mechanical dysphagia oral phase - answer -difficulty forming, moving bolus
-may need to change food textures
mechanical dysphagia - answer -Trauma or surgery
-Loss of oral, pharyngeal, or esophageal structures
-May result in weakness and/or sensory deficits
neurologic dysphagia oral phase - answer -poor chewing, bolus formation
-weakness prevents bolus propulsion
-residue in the mouth
-premature spilling of liquids into pharynx
, oral phase of swallowing - answer The voluntary part of swallowing where the tongue
pushes a bolus up and back toward the pharynx.
stages of recovery RLA 2-3 - answer work to est. yes/no response
RLA 4-5 intermediate - answer training on attention focus, basic social skills
RLA later 6-7 - answer functional abilities outside clinic, communicate in spite of
distractions
side effects TBI in children - answer language may be in tact
pragmatic deficits (humor, sarcasm, social interactions)
motor function improves more than cognition
injury may limit further dev
earlier injury linked to poorer comm dev
Assessment of TBI in children - answer informal testing over standardized testing is
preferred
discourse analysis can reveal information
TBI can be a subset of - answer hypoxia, stroke, infection, tumors
Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI) - answer Diffuse brain injury that is caused by stretching,
shearing, or tearing of nerve fibers with subsequent axonal damage.
intracranial pressure - answer pressure inside the skull, can be caused by injury
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) - answer scale used to assess the level of consciousness
eye opening 1-4
motor response 1-6
verbal response 1-5
3 scores are added together
severe 3-8
mod 9-12
mild 13-15
Rancho Los Amigos Scale - answer I-nonresponsive; II, III- decreased response; IV, V,
VI- confused; VII-VIII-appropriate levels
ACCURATE ANSWERS
NPO - answer nothing by mouth (nil per os)
Non-oral feeding options - answer nasogastric tube
PEG (percutaneous endoscopic gastronomy)
TPN (total pareneral nutrition)
dietary modifications for dysphagia - answer when dysphagia is severe and other
strategies aren't working
puree foods and or thicken
behavioral treatment of dysphagia - answer can be implemented immed. and useful for
temporary dysphagia
change bolus volume or viscosity
posture adjustments
thermal tactile stim
active therapy (tight breath hold, prolong larynx elevation, increase muscle effort
mechanical dysphagia esophageal phase - answer physical constriction or blockage
mechanical dysphagia oral phase - answer -difficulty forming, moving bolus
-may need to change food textures
mechanical dysphagia - answer -Trauma or surgery
-Loss of oral, pharyngeal, or esophageal structures
-May result in weakness and/or sensory deficits
neurologic dysphagia oral phase - answer -poor chewing, bolus formation
-weakness prevents bolus propulsion
-residue in the mouth
-premature spilling of liquids into pharynx
, oral phase of swallowing - answer The voluntary part of swallowing where the tongue
pushes a bolus up and back toward the pharynx.
stages of recovery RLA 2-3 - answer work to est. yes/no response
RLA 4-5 intermediate - answer training on attention focus, basic social skills
RLA later 6-7 - answer functional abilities outside clinic, communicate in spite of
distractions
side effects TBI in children - answer language may be in tact
pragmatic deficits (humor, sarcasm, social interactions)
motor function improves more than cognition
injury may limit further dev
earlier injury linked to poorer comm dev
Assessment of TBI in children - answer informal testing over standardized testing is
preferred
discourse analysis can reveal information
TBI can be a subset of - answer hypoxia, stroke, infection, tumors
Diffuse Axonal Injury (DAI) - answer Diffuse brain injury that is caused by stretching,
shearing, or tearing of nerve fibers with subsequent axonal damage.
intracranial pressure - answer pressure inside the skull, can be caused by injury
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) - answer scale used to assess the level of consciousness
eye opening 1-4
motor response 1-6
verbal response 1-5
3 scores are added together
severe 3-8
mod 9-12
mild 13-15
Rancho Los Amigos Scale - answer I-nonresponsive; II, III- decreased response; IV, V,
VI- confused; VII-VIII-appropriate levels
