D027 Performance Assessment- Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations Questions and Answers correct

D027 Performance Assessment- Advanced Pathopharmacological Foundations Questions and Answers correct Which of the following is not a cellular function? Combustion What are mitochondria responsible for? Energy production Which if the following can cause edema? Increased lymphatic pressure Which of the following best describes the result of cellular reproduction? Two diploid cells, called daughter cells, are produced. What is an example of both hyperplasia and hypertrophy? Uterine enlargement due to pregnancy What regulates the sodium balance? aldosterone What is the alteration if the extracellular fluid volume is less than normal? Hypotonic When in excess, what do buffers absorb? Hydrogen What is the process by which RNA directs the synthesis of polypeptides? Translation What is the recurrence rate (%) for autosomal dominant disease? 50% What is the proportion of the population affected by a disease at the specific point in time? Prevalence rate Which of the following should be completed when a disease is multifactorial but has a larger genetic component? Get a thorough family history A 44-year-old woman has recently been diagnosed with advanced metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. Genetic testing is ordered to determine if the patient's tumor has any genomic alterations and to guide treatment decisions. A few weeks later, the patient's test results come back positive for a genetic mutation. The APN starts osimertinib (Tagrisso). Based on this information, what types of genetic mutation does this patient have? Choose 2 answers 1. ALK mutation 2. EGFR mutation A 20-year-old male meets with an APN to discuss symptoms that have been slowly progressing over the past several years. He is mainly concerned because he has been falling frequently. Lately, he has noticed it takes longer/more difficult to change positions from sitting to standing than it used to in the past. He has been waking up with muscle/joint stiffness. No family history of any chronic or genetic diseases. Which condition is likely to be the cause of these symptoms? Becker muscular dystrophy A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is diagnosed with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Which statement should the provider give the patient regarding the pathophysiology of SLE and its relation to thrombocytopenia? SLE disrupts immune homeostasis and promotes development of self-reactive antibodies. A 75-year-old female presents to the emergency department with an irregular heart rate of 130. What can be ascertained about this patient's findings given the limited information? She is diagnosed with atrial fibrillation and needs her heart rate controlled with metoprolol (Lopressor). A 45-year-old female fears that she is having a stroke and takes herself to an emergency room. After several diagnostic and laboratory tests, the patient is diagnosed with Cushing disease. Which lab abnormality would be present in this patient? Increased cortisol A two-year-old child presents with a clear runny nose and cough which has lasted 3 days. The child's mother reports the cough sounds like a barking noise. The child is sleeping in the mother's arms and appears to have stridor. The child's mother also reports an axillary temperature of 101°F last night. Which management technique is appropriate for this child's symptoms? Oral steroids and breathing treatments A patient who is elderly presents with recent memory loss, urinary incontinence, and hallucinations. The patient's family also states she is having daytime sleepiness and impaired judgment. Which lab and diagnostic tests should be ordered as part of the patient's assessment? CBC, CMP, Urinalysis A 40-year-old female comes to a clinic with abdominal pain and diarrhea. She reports that every time she eats, her diarrhea gets worse. Her labs and stool studies are normal, and a colonoscopy is performed. The colonoscopy reveals the patient has skip lesions throughout her colon. What is the appropriate diagnosis for this patient? Crohn's disease What is Invokana primarily used for? To prevent cardiac disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. A 78-year-old female presents to the clinic for a checkup and refills on her medications. She is currently taking lisinopril (Zestril), metformin (Glucophage), and levothyroxine (Synthroid). The patient has a history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes, hypothyroidism, GERD, and gastric ulcers. The patient is concerned about heart disease and wants to start taking a low-dose aspirin. Which aspirin regimen recommendation should the advanced professional nurse (APN) give to the patient? Low-dose enteric coated aspirin 81 mg daily Normal thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level? 0.4 to 4.0 mIU/L What TSH level would indicate hypothyroidism? a. 5.31 mIU/L b. 2.73 mIU/L c. 1.68 mIU/L d. 0.22 mIU/L a. 5.31 mIU/L A 74- year-old male with Cushing syndrome presents to the emergency department (ED) with pain in his left leg, and is diagnosed with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT).What is this patient's symptoms related to? Elevated Von Willebrand factor A 42-year-old asthmatic who has been using beta-adrenergic agonists for several years began to experience premature atrial contractions (PACs). To treat the PACs, metoprolol (Toprol XL) therapy was started.What is a likely consequence of this patient taking metoprolol (Toprol XL)? Metoprolol (Toprol XL) is a cardio-selective beta blocker that failed to affect the patient's asthma symptoms. A 65-year-old male presents for a visit regarding his type 2 diabetes. He has been dealing with diabetes for the last 15 years. He has a history of diabetic neuropathy in his feet. Six months ago his symptoms were mild to almost nonexistent. He currently describes the neuropathy as painful, and it wakes him up at night.Which medication would be the first line treatment for this patient? Pregabalin (Lyrica) A 55-year-old male presents for a new diagnosis of Parkinson's Disease. He has experienced gait disorders and a pill rolling tremor. The patient was a former boxer with a history of multiple concussions. He was started on carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet), which has decreased his symptoms.How would an antipsychotic medication such as haloperidol (Haldol) cause an interaction with this patient? By agonizing serotonin