BIOCHEM C785 EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS, WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION.
where does transcription start
at the 5' end
translation
the production of protein by the ribosome using the sequence of mRNA as a template
silent mutations
result in no change in the amino acid sequence
missense mutation
changes in a single base pair in a codon such that the codon now encodes a difference
amino acid
nonsense mutation
changes in a base pair in a codon to a STOP codon that terminates translation
frameshift mutations
disrupts the coding of a protein because there is either an insertion or deletion
single damaged nucleotide repaired with
base excision repair
multiple damaged nucleotides
nucleotide excision repair
mistakes in replication (mismatches)
mismatch repair
DNA polymerase proofreading
double stranded breaks repair
homologous recombination
nonhomologous end joining
how is red-green color blindness inherited
x-linked recessive condition
heat denatures what
hydrophobic interactions
changes in pH denatures what
ionic and hydrogen bonds
high salt concentrations denatures what
ionic and hydrogen bonds
reducing agents denatures what
disulfide bonds
how many dna copies are created after the completion of 4 PCR cycles
16
What is the function of DNA polymerase in PCR
recognizes the primers and uses the available dNTPs to replicate the DNA sequence
What allows a gene to have an increased expression
more space between the nucleosomes; in other words, they are not packed too closely
together
what occurs during the process of alternative splicing of mRNA
ANSWERS, WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION.
where does transcription start
at the 5' end
translation
the production of protein by the ribosome using the sequence of mRNA as a template
silent mutations
result in no change in the amino acid sequence
missense mutation
changes in a single base pair in a codon such that the codon now encodes a difference
amino acid
nonsense mutation
changes in a base pair in a codon to a STOP codon that terminates translation
frameshift mutations
disrupts the coding of a protein because there is either an insertion or deletion
single damaged nucleotide repaired with
base excision repair
multiple damaged nucleotides
nucleotide excision repair
mistakes in replication (mismatches)
mismatch repair
DNA polymerase proofreading
double stranded breaks repair
homologous recombination
nonhomologous end joining
how is red-green color blindness inherited
x-linked recessive condition
heat denatures what
hydrophobic interactions
changes in pH denatures what
ionic and hydrogen bonds
high salt concentrations denatures what
ionic and hydrogen bonds
reducing agents denatures what
disulfide bonds
how many dna copies are created after the completion of 4 PCR cycles
16
What is the function of DNA polymerase in PCR
recognizes the primers and uses the available dNTPs to replicate the DNA sequence
What allows a gene to have an increased expression
more space between the nucleosomes; in other words, they are not packed too closely
together
what occurs during the process of alternative splicing of mRNA
