WGU D115
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Pathophysiology D115 WGU D115 master set-Advanced Pathophy... Pathophysiology Mo
107 terms 343 terms 27 terms
stacilawson7 Preview nani_cusson Preview Bestsammysam
Physical- protect against damage and infection are composed of
tightly associated epithelial cells including those of the skin and
of the membranous sheets lining the gastrointestinal,
What are the 3 layers of human
genitourinary, and respiratory tracts. Mechanical- "washing" the
defense? What happens during
surfaces (sloughing off of dead skin, vomiting, urination,
each?
coughing). Biochemical barriers- secrets substances meant to
trap of destroy microorganisms. (Mucus, sweat, saliva, tears,
sebaceous glands, and earwax).
Inflammatory response- rapid and nonspecific, protective
What is the second line of
response to cellular injury from any cause. It can occur only in
defense and the process?
vascularized tissue.
Acute- Short duration, 8-10 days from onset to healing. The three
systemic changes associated with the acute inflammatory
How do acute and chronic response are fever, leukocytosis, and plasma protein synthesis.
inflammation differ? Chronic inflammation- can be a continuation of acute
inflammation that last 2 weeks or longer. It can also occur as a
distinct process without much preceding acute inflammation.
Phase 1- Inflammation- includes coagulation and the infiltration
of cells that participate in wound healing, including platelets,
What are the phases of wound neutrophils, and macrophages. Phase 2- Proliferation and New
healing and the process that Tissue Formation (Reconstruction)- wound begins to heal. This
takes place during each? stage begins 3-4 days after injury and continues for as long as 2
weeks. Phase 3- Remodeling and Maturation- phase for
recovering normal tissue structure that can persist for years
Neonates often have transiently depressed inflammatory
How does the inflammatory
function, particularly neutrophil chemotaxis and alternative
response differ in neonates?
complement activity.
Aging alters the tissue microenvironment and macrophage
How and why does aging affect
function with changes in wound healing neoangiogenesis and
innate immunity?
fibrosis.
, Adaptive immunity (immune response or immunity)- the third line
of defense in the human body. Consists of lymphocytes and
What is the third line of defense serum proteins called antibodies. - Secondary responder-
and the process that takes augments the initial defenses against infection and provides long
place? term security against re-infection. - B cells- humeral can kill free
floating pathogens - T cells- cell - mediated- can kill pathogens
hiding inside cells.
The human neonate has a poorly developed immune response,
How and why does the neonate particularly in the production of IgG. The fetus and neonate are
have a poorly developed protected in utero and during the first few post-natal months by
immune response? maternal antibody that was actively transported across the
placenta.
Allergy, autoimmunity, and alloimmunity are collectively known as
hypersensitivity reactions. Hypersensitivity Response I - IgE
mediated- primary cause of common allergies. Binds with mast
What terms are collectively cells which release histamine. (initiates allergic reaction).
known as hypersensitivity Histamine release leads to bronchial smooth muscle contraction,
reactions? bronchoconstriction, and immune response II- tissue specific-
wrong blood type administered or hemolytic disease of the
newborn. Complement pathway activated III- Immune complex
mediated IV- cell mediated - graft rejection
Autoimmune disease can be caused by the exposure of a
previously sequestered antigen, the development of a
neoantigen, the complications of infectious disease, the
What are some causes of
emergence of a forbidden clone of lymphocytes, or the
autoimmune diseases?
consequence of ineffective peripheral tolerance. The
mechanisms for imitation of autoimmune diseases may already be
within humans.
What are some examples of Alloimmunity is the immune systems reaction against antigens on
alloimmune disorders? And why the tissues of other members of the same species. - Transient
do these occur? neonatal disease - Transplant rejection - Transfusion reaction
Immune deficiencies are either congenital or acquired. Primary
immune deficiencies are caused by genetic defects that disrupt
What causes an immune
lymphocyte development, whereas secondary immune
deficiency?
deficiencies are secondary to disease or other physiologic
alterations.
Autoinflammatory disorders are characterized by abnormally
What are autoinflammatory high levels of inflammation secondary to mutations in control of
diseases characterized by? inflammasome activation or in defects in cellular receptors of
cytokines designed to decrease inflammation.
Acquired immunodeficiencies are caused by superimposed
What are some causes of conditions, such as aging, malnutrition, infections, malignancies,
Acquired immunodeficiencies? physical or psychologic trauma, environmental factors, some
medical treatments, or other diseases.
Deficiencies in immunity usually are treated by replacement
therapy. Deficient antibody production is treated by replacement
How are deficiencies in immunity of missing immunoglobulins with commercial gamma globulin
treated? preparations. Lymphocyte deficiencies are treated with the
replacement of host lymphocytes with transplants of bone
marrow, fetal liver, or fetal thymus from a donor.
Save
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides
Pathophysiology D115 WGU D115 master set-Advanced Pathophy... Pathophysiology Mo
107 terms 343 terms 27 terms
stacilawson7 Preview nani_cusson Preview Bestsammysam
Physical- protect against damage and infection are composed of
tightly associated epithelial cells including those of the skin and
of the membranous sheets lining the gastrointestinal,
What are the 3 layers of human
genitourinary, and respiratory tracts. Mechanical- "washing" the
defense? What happens during
surfaces (sloughing off of dead skin, vomiting, urination,
each?
coughing). Biochemical barriers- secrets substances meant to
trap of destroy microorganisms. (Mucus, sweat, saliva, tears,
sebaceous glands, and earwax).
Inflammatory response- rapid and nonspecific, protective
What is the second line of
response to cellular injury from any cause. It can occur only in
defense and the process?
vascularized tissue.
Acute- Short duration, 8-10 days from onset to healing. The three
systemic changes associated with the acute inflammatory
How do acute and chronic response are fever, leukocytosis, and plasma protein synthesis.
inflammation differ? Chronic inflammation- can be a continuation of acute
inflammation that last 2 weeks or longer. It can also occur as a
distinct process without much preceding acute inflammation.
Phase 1- Inflammation- includes coagulation and the infiltration
of cells that participate in wound healing, including platelets,
What are the phases of wound neutrophils, and macrophages. Phase 2- Proliferation and New
healing and the process that Tissue Formation (Reconstruction)- wound begins to heal. This
takes place during each? stage begins 3-4 days after injury and continues for as long as 2
weeks. Phase 3- Remodeling and Maturation- phase for
recovering normal tissue structure that can persist for years
Neonates often have transiently depressed inflammatory
How does the inflammatory
function, particularly neutrophil chemotaxis and alternative
response differ in neonates?
complement activity.
Aging alters the tissue microenvironment and macrophage
How and why does aging affect
function with changes in wound healing neoangiogenesis and
innate immunity?
fibrosis.
, Adaptive immunity (immune response or immunity)- the third line
of defense in the human body. Consists of lymphocytes and
What is the third line of defense serum proteins called antibodies. - Secondary responder-
and the process that takes augments the initial defenses against infection and provides long
place? term security against re-infection. - B cells- humeral can kill free
floating pathogens - T cells- cell - mediated- can kill pathogens
hiding inside cells.
The human neonate has a poorly developed immune response,
How and why does the neonate particularly in the production of IgG. The fetus and neonate are
have a poorly developed protected in utero and during the first few post-natal months by
immune response? maternal antibody that was actively transported across the
placenta.
Allergy, autoimmunity, and alloimmunity are collectively known as
hypersensitivity reactions. Hypersensitivity Response I - IgE
mediated- primary cause of common allergies. Binds with mast
What terms are collectively cells which release histamine. (initiates allergic reaction).
known as hypersensitivity Histamine release leads to bronchial smooth muscle contraction,
reactions? bronchoconstriction, and immune response II- tissue specific-
wrong blood type administered or hemolytic disease of the
newborn. Complement pathway activated III- Immune complex
mediated IV- cell mediated - graft rejection
Autoimmune disease can be caused by the exposure of a
previously sequestered antigen, the development of a
neoantigen, the complications of infectious disease, the
What are some causes of
emergence of a forbidden clone of lymphocytes, or the
autoimmune diseases?
consequence of ineffective peripheral tolerance. The
mechanisms for imitation of autoimmune diseases may already be
within humans.
What are some examples of Alloimmunity is the immune systems reaction against antigens on
alloimmune disorders? And why the tissues of other members of the same species. - Transient
do these occur? neonatal disease - Transplant rejection - Transfusion reaction
Immune deficiencies are either congenital or acquired. Primary
immune deficiencies are caused by genetic defects that disrupt
What causes an immune
lymphocyte development, whereas secondary immune
deficiency?
deficiencies are secondary to disease or other physiologic
alterations.
Autoinflammatory disorders are characterized by abnormally
What are autoinflammatory high levels of inflammation secondary to mutations in control of
diseases characterized by? inflammasome activation or in defects in cellular receptors of
cytokines designed to decrease inflammation.
Acquired immunodeficiencies are caused by superimposed
What are some causes of conditions, such as aging, malnutrition, infections, malignancies,
Acquired immunodeficiencies? physical or psychologic trauma, environmental factors, some
medical treatments, or other diseases.
Deficiencies in immunity usually are treated by replacement
therapy. Deficient antibody production is treated by replacement
How are deficiencies in immunity of missing immunoglobulins with commercial gamma globulin
treated? preparations. Lymphocyte deficiencies are treated with the
replacement of host lymphocytes with transplants of bone
marrow, fetal liver, or fetal thymus from a donor.
