NURS 432 Psych Exam 2: Ch. 17-19 questions with
accurate answers
12 step program Ans✓✓✓ Alcoholics Anonymous developed this
program model for recovery
- based on the philosophy that total abstinence is essential and alcoholics
need the help/support of others to maintain sobriety
- Key slogans = "one day at a time" (approach sobriety one day at a
time), "easy does it" (don't get frenzied about daily life and problems),
and "let go and let God" (turn your life over to a higher power)
- People who are early in recovery are encouraged to have a sponsor to
help them progress through the 12 steps of AA
- meetings = "closed" (only those who are pursuing recovery can attend)
or "open" (anyone can attend)
- 12-step concept of recovery has been used for other drugs as well.
Such groups include Narcotics Anonymous; Al-Anon, a support group
for spouses, partners, and friends of alcoholics; and AlaTeen, a group for
children of parents with substance problems
aggression Ans✓✓✓ any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or
destroy
- may occur in impulsive people (some with a normal
electroencephalogram and some with an abnormal one); people who
exhibit predatory or cruel behavior; or people with organic-like
impulsivity, poor social judgment, and emotional lability
- Lithium, anticonvulsant mood stabilizers, and benzodiazepines are
used most often to treat aggression
- Low-dose neuroleptics may be useful
,alcohol Ans✓✓✓ - CNS depressant: relaxation/loss of inhibitions
- Slurred speech, unsteady gait, lack of coordination, and impaired
attention, memory, judgment
- Aggressive behavior or display of inappropriate sexual behavior;
blackout
- Overdose = vomiting, unconsciousness, respiratory depression
(Treatment: gastric lavage or dialysis to remove drug and support of
respiratory/cardiovascular functioning in an ICU)
alcohol withdrawal Ans✓✓✓ - Onset within 4 to 12 hours after
cessation or marked reduction of alcohol intake; usually peaks on the
second day and complete in about 5 days
- Symptoms: coarse hand tremors, sweating, elevated pulse and blood
pressure, insomnia, anxiety
- Severe or untreated withdrawal may progress to transient
hallucinations, seizures, or delirium (DTs).
- can be life-threatening.
- Benzodiazepines for safe withdrawal
anticonvulsants Ans✓✓✓ - used to treat bipolar disorder... used for
those who do not respond or have difficulty taking lithium
- traditionally used to treat seizure disorders but have proved helpful in
stabilizing moods of people with bipolar illness
,antisocial personality disorder Ans✓✓✓ Characterized by disregard for
rights of others, deceit, and manipulation
- more common in men! Antisocial behaviors tend to peak in the 20s
- History (acts of cruelty, abusive parenting)
- General appearance and motor behavior (usually normal; charming)
- Mood and affect (display of false emotions for personal gain... cannot
empathize... exploit others without guilt)
- narrowed view of world as it is cold and hostile... taking care of
themselves because no one else will
- oriented, average, or above average IQ
- do not consider morals or ethics... poor judgement... do not pay
attention to legality of actions... seek immediate gratification...
impulsive.. they themselves are never problem
- appear confident, but self is shallow and empty... often involved in
many relationships, sometimes simultaneously
- Interventions = Therapeutic relationship; promoting responsible
behavior (limit setting, confrontation)... Problem-solving; control of
emotions (taking a time-out)... Enhancing role performance
- client will demonstrate nondestructive ways to express feelings and
frustration... client will identify ways to meet his or her own needs that
do not infringe on the rights of others... client will achieve or maintain
satisfactory role performance (e.g., at work or as a parent).
atypical antidepressants Ans✓✓✓ miscellaneous group of drugs with
antidepressant effects but only mild side effects
- venlafaxine (Effexor), duloxetine (Cymbalta), bupropion (Wellbutrin),
nefazodone (Serzone), mirtazapine (Remeron), and vilazodone (Viibryd)
, - Nefazodone inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine and
has few side effects. Its half-life is 4 hours, and it can be used in clients
with liver and kidney disease. It increases the action of certain
benzodiazepines (alprazolam, estazolam, and triazolam) and the H2
blocker terfenadine
- Remeron also inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine,
and it has few sexual side effects; however, its use comes with a higher
incidence of weight gain, sedation, and anticholinergic side effects
- Vilazodone may also treat anxiety that often accompanies depression
avoidant personality disorder Ans✓✓✓ characterized by a pervasive
pattern of social discomfort, low self-esteem, and hypersensitivity to
negative evaluation
- equally common in men and women
- appear sad/anxious... poor eye contact, fidgeting... reluctant to ask
questions or make requests... shy, fearful, socially awkward,
withdrawn... reluctant to do anything perceived as risky... strongly desire
social acceptance and companionship... need excessive reassurance
- Interventions = Self-affirmations; positive self-talk; reframing and
decatastrophizing; social skills training
bipolar 1 Ans✓✓✓ one or more manic or mixed episodes usually
accompanied by major depressive episodes
bipolar 2 Ans✓✓✓ one or more major depressive episodes
accompanied by at least one hypomanic episode
accurate answers
12 step program Ans✓✓✓ Alcoholics Anonymous developed this
program model for recovery
- based on the philosophy that total abstinence is essential and alcoholics
need the help/support of others to maintain sobriety
- Key slogans = "one day at a time" (approach sobriety one day at a
time), "easy does it" (don't get frenzied about daily life and problems),
and "let go and let God" (turn your life over to a higher power)
- People who are early in recovery are encouraged to have a sponsor to
help them progress through the 12 steps of AA
- meetings = "closed" (only those who are pursuing recovery can attend)
or "open" (anyone can attend)
- 12-step concept of recovery has been used for other drugs as well.
Such groups include Narcotics Anonymous; Al-Anon, a support group
for spouses, partners, and friends of alcoholics; and AlaTeen, a group for
children of parents with substance problems
aggression Ans✓✓✓ any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or
destroy
- may occur in impulsive people (some with a normal
electroencephalogram and some with an abnormal one); people who
exhibit predatory or cruel behavior; or people with organic-like
impulsivity, poor social judgment, and emotional lability
- Lithium, anticonvulsant mood stabilizers, and benzodiazepines are
used most often to treat aggression
- Low-dose neuroleptics may be useful
,alcohol Ans✓✓✓ - CNS depressant: relaxation/loss of inhibitions
- Slurred speech, unsteady gait, lack of coordination, and impaired
attention, memory, judgment
- Aggressive behavior or display of inappropriate sexual behavior;
blackout
- Overdose = vomiting, unconsciousness, respiratory depression
(Treatment: gastric lavage or dialysis to remove drug and support of
respiratory/cardiovascular functioning in an ICU)
alcohol withdrawal Ans✓✓✓ - Onset within 4 to 12 hours after
cessation or marked reduction of alcohol intake; usually peaks on the
second day and complete in about 5 days
- Symptoms: coarse hand tremors, sweating, elevated pulse and blood
pressure, insomnia, anxiety
- Severe or untreated withdrawal may progress to transient
hallucinations, seizures, or delirium (DTs).
- can be life-threatening.
- Benzodiazepines for safe withdrawal
anticonvulsants Ans✓✓✓ - used to treat bipolar disorder... used for
those who do not respond or have difficulty taking lithium
- traditionally used to treat seizure disorders but have proved helpful in
stabilizing moods of people with bipolar illness
,antisocial personality disorder Ans✓✓✓ Characterized by disregard for
rights of others, deceit, and manipulation
- more common in men! Antisocial behaviors tend to peak in the 20s
- History (acts of cruelty, abusive parenting)
- General appearance and motor behavior (usually normal; charming)
- Mood and affect (display of false emotions for personal gain... cannot
empathize... exploit others without guilt)
- narrowed view of world as it is cold and hostile... taking care of
themselves because no one else will
- oriented, average, or above average IQ
- do not consider morals or ethics... poor judgement... do not pay
attention to legality of actions... seek immediate gratification...
impulsive.. they themselves are never problem
- appear confident, but self is shallow and empty... often involved in
many relationships, sometimes simultaneously
- Interventions = Therapeutic relationship; promoting responsible
behavior (limit setting, confrontation)... Problem-solving; control of
emotions (taking a time-out)... Enhancing role performance
- client will demonstrate nondestructive ways to express feelings and
frustration... client will identify ways to meet his or her own needs that
do not infringe on the rights of others... client will achieve or maintain
satisfactory role performance (e.g., at work or as a parent).
atypical antidepressants Ans✓✓✓ miscellaneous group of drugs with
antidepressant effects but only mild side effects
- venlafaxine (Effexor), duloxetine (Cymbalta), bupropion (Wellbutrin),
nefazodone (Serzone), mirtazapine (Remeron), and vilazodone (Viibryd)
, - Nefazodone inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine and
has few side effects. Its half-life is 4 hours, and it can be used in clients
with liver and kidney disease. It increases the action of certain
benzodiazepines (alprazolam, estazolam, and triazolam) and the H2
blocker terfenadine
- Remeron also inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine,
and it has few sexual side effects; however, its use comes with a higher
incidence of weight gain, sedation, and anticholinergic side effects
- Vilazodone may also treat anxiety that often accompanies depression
avoidant personality disorder Ans✓✓✓ characterized by a pervasive
pattern of social discomfort, low self-esteem, and hypersensitivity to
negative evaluation
- equally common in men and women
- appear sad/anxious... poor eye contact, fidgeting... reluctant to ask
questions or make requests... shy, fearful, socially awkward,
withdrawn... reluctant to do anything perceived as risky... strongly desire
social acceptance and companionship... need excessive reassurance
- Interventions = Self-affirmations; positive self-talk; reframing and
decatastrophizing; social skills training
bipolar 1 Ans✓✓✓ one or more manic or mixed episodes usually
accompanied by major depressive episodes
bipolar 2 Ans✓✓✓ one or more major depressive episodes
accompanied by at least one hypomanic episode
