BIO 201- Midterm Exam Study Guide
Questions and All Correct Answers
(2025-2026) Update.
anatomy - Answer study of the structure/morphology of the human body and its parts
physiology - Answer study of the functions of the human body and its parts
List the levels of organization from simplest to most complex. - Answer subatomic particles
atom
molecule
macro-molecule
organelle
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism
cell - Answer -composed of organelles
-the basic units of structure and function of the body
tissue - Answer layer or mass of cells with specific function
organ - Answer group of different tissues with a function
system/ organ system - Answer group of organs with common function
homeostasis - Answer maintenance of a stable internal environment
metabolism - Answer all of the chemical reactions in an organism that support life
,-uncommon in body
-short lived
-examples are contractions in labor by oxytocin and platelet plug formation+ blood clotting
negative feedback loop - Answer -homeostatic mechanism
-most feedbacks in the body
-response reduces or shuts off original stimulus/ goes in opposite direction
-examples are regulation of body temperature, regulation of blood glucose by insulin
Human life depends on what 5 environmental factors? - Answer 1) water
2) food
3) oxygen
4) heat
5) pressure
1) Water - Answer -most abundant substance in body
- environment for metabolic processes
-required for transport of substance
-regulation of body temperature
2) Food - Answer -provides necessary nutrients
-supplies energy
-supplies raw materials for building living tissue
3) Oxygen (gas) - Answer -one fifth of air
-used to release energy from nutrients
4) Heat - Answer -heat is a form of energy in out environment
- helps maintain body temperature
- partly controls rate of metabolic reactions
, Identify the parts of a basic homeostatic mechanism. - Answer 1) receptor
2) control center
3) effector
1) receptor - Answer detects and provides information about the stimuli
2) control center - Answer decision- maker that maintains the set point
3) effector - Answer muscle or gland that responds to the control center and causes the
necessary change in the internal enviroment
Organ systems in the human body
-basic functions and major organs - Answer integumentary
skeletal
muscular
nervous
endocrine
cardiovascular
lymphatic
digestive respiratory
reproductive
urinary
integumentary system - Answer the skin and its accessory structures such as hair and nails
-protects deeper tissue from injury
-protection, body temperature regulation, sensory reception, and production of vitamin D
skeletal system - Answer bones and ligaments
-protects, supports, and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement
-attachment sites, storage of inorganic salts, production of blood cells, and movement
Questions and All Correct Answers
(2025-2026) Update.
anatomy - Answer study of the structure/morphology of the human body and its parts
physiology - Answer study of the functions of the human body and its parts
List the levels of organization from simplest to most complex. - Answer subatomic particles
atom
molecule
macro-molecule
organelle
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism
cell - Answer -composed of organelles
-the basic units of structure and function of the body
tissue - Answer layer or mass of cells with specific function
organ - Answer group of different tissues with a function
system/ organ system - Answer group of organs with common function
homeostasis - Answer maintenance of a stable internal environment
metabolism - Answer all of the chemical reactions in an organism that support life
,-uncommon in body
-short lived
-examples are contractions in labor by oxytocin and platelet plug formation+ blood clotting
negative feedback loop - Answer -homeostatic mechanism
-most feedbacks in the body
-response reduces or shuts off original stimulus/ goes in opposite direction
-examples are regulation of body temperature, regulation of blood glucose by insulin
Human life depends on what 5 environmental factors? - Answer 1) water
2) food
3) oxygen
4) heat
5) pressure
1) Water - Answer -most abundant substance in body
- environment for metabolic processes
-required for transport of substance
-regulation of body temperature
2) Food - Answer -provides necessary nutrients
-supplies energy
-supplies raw materials for building living tissue
3) Oxygen (gas) - Answer -one fifth of air
-used to release energy from nutrients
4) Heat - Answer -heat is a form of energy in out environment
- helps maintain body temperature
- partly controls rate of metabolic reactions
, Identify the parts of a basic homeostatic mechanism. - Answer 1) receptor
2) control center
3) effector
1) receptor - Answer detects and provides information about the stimuli
2) control center - Answer decision- maker that maintains the set point
3) effector - Answer muscle or gland that responds to the control center and causes the
necessary change in the internal enviroment
Organ systems in the human body
-basic functions and major organs - Answer integumentary
skeletal
muscular
nervous
endocrine
cardiovascular
lymphatic
digestive respiratory
reproductive
urinary
integumentary system - Answer the skin and its accessory structures such as hair and nails
-protects deeper tissue from injury
-protection, body temperature regulation, sensory reception, and production of vitamin D
skeletal system - Answer bones and ligaments
-protects, supports, and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement
-attachment sites, storage of inorganic salts, production of blood cells, and movement
