PHARMACOLOGY OA WGU QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Drug cycle - Answers - absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
Absorption - Answers - medication absorbed in GI mucosa.
What effects absorption rate - Answers - fat, ph, concentration of medication, length of
contact, age, food, depth of breathing
Distribution - Answers - medication transported via circulatory system to point of action
Metabolism - Answers - medication metabolized by liver
Excretion - Answers - drug removed from body so they don't build up
US pharmacopia - Answers - created in 1820, where first listed drug standards
Controlled substance act of 1970 - Answers - required hospitals to register with DEA
NCC MERP A - Answers - no error, capacity to cause error
NCC MERP B - Answers - error that didn't reach the patient
NCC MERP C - Answers - error that reached patient but unlikely to cause harm
NCC MERP D - Answers - error that reached the patient, could have necessitated
monitoring and/or intervention to preclude harm
NCC MERP E - Answers - error that could have caused temporary harm
NCC MERP F - Answers - error that could have caused temporary harm requiring
initial, prolonged hospitalization
NCC MERP G - Answers - error that could have resulted in permanent harm
NCC MERP H - Answers - error that could have necessitated intervention to sustain life
NCC MERP I - Answers - error that could have resulted in death
FDA pregnancy risk A - Answers - lowest, studies have not shown a risk to mother,
fetus
, FDA pregnancy risk B - Answers - slight, animal studies haven't shown risk to fetus,
human studies have not
FDA pregnancy risk C - Answers - moderate, animal studies have shown risk to fetus,
controlled studies not performed on women
FDA pregnancy risk D - Answers - risky, studies shows drugs may harm fetus, may use
if another safer therapy is unavailable
FDA pregnancy risk X - Answers - highest, studies shown significant risk to mother,
fetus
When is the fetus vulnerable to medication - Answers - first, third trimester
Schedule I drugs - Answers - high, not accepted medical use in US
Schedule II drugs - Answers - high, may lead to severe dependence, no refills unless a
written perscription
Schedule III drugs - Answers - less than drugs, substances in schedule I/II, may lead to
moderate dependence, high psychological dependence
Refill 5 times within 6 months
Schedule IV drugs - Answers - low relative to substances in schedule III, may lead to
limited dependence. Phone, fax of prescription allowed
Schedule V drugs - Answers - low, relative to substances in schedule IV, may lead to
limited dependence
Class I recall - Answers - dangerous drug, defective product could cause serious health
problems, death
Class II recall - Answers - product might cause temporary health problem, pose slight
threat of serious nature
Class III recall - Answers - product that's unlikely to cause any adverse health reaction,
but violates FDA labeling, manufacturing laws
Phase I clinical trials - Answers - determine safety, few healthy participants take drug
for several months to measure any harmful events
Phase II clinical trials - Answers - main goals of these trails is to see whether a drug
works as desired
ANSWERS
Drug cycle - Answers - absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion
Absorption - Answers - medication absorbed in GI mucosa.
What effects absorption rate - Answers - fat, ph, concentration of medication, length of
contact, age, food, depth of breathing
Distribution - Answers - medication transported via circulatory system to point of action
Metabolism - Answers - medication metabolized by liver
Excretion - Answers - drug removed from body so they don't build up
US pharmacopia - Answers - created in 1820, where first listed drug standards
Controlled substance act of 1970 - Answers - required hospitals to register with DEA
NCC MERP A - Answers - no error, capacity to cause error
NCC MERP B - Answers - error that didn't reach the patient
NCC MERP C - Answers - error that reached patient but unlikely to cause harm
NCC MERP D - Answers - error that reached the patient, could have necessitated
monitoring and/or intervention to preclude harm
NCC MERP E - Answers - error that could have caused temporary harm
NCC MERP F - Answers - error that could have caused temporary harm requiring
initial, prolonged hospitalization
NCC MERP G - Answers - error that could have resulted in permanent harm
NCC MERP H - Answers - error that could have necessitated intervention to sustain life
NCC MERP I - Answers - error that could have resulted in death
FDA pregnancy risk A - Answers - lowest, studies have not shown a risk to mother,
fetus
, FDA pregnancy risk B - Answers - slight, animal studies haven't shown risk to fetus,
human studies have not
FDA pregnancy risk C - Answers - moderate, animal studies have shown risk to fetus,
controlled studies not performed on women
FDA pregnancy risk D - Answers - risky, studies shows drugs may harm fetus, may use
if another safer therapy is unavailable
FDA pregnancy risk X - Answers - highest, studies shown significant risk to mother,
fetus
When is the fetus vulnerable to medication - Answers - first, third trimester
Schedule I drugs - Answers - high, not accepted medical use in US
Schedule II drugs - Answers - high, may lead to severe dependence, no refills unless a
written perscription
Schedule III drugs - Answers - less than drugs, substances in schedule I/II, may lead to
moderate dependence, high psychological dependence
Refill 5 times within 6 months
Schedule IV drugs - Answers - low relative to substances in schedule III, may lead to
limited dependence. Phone, fax of prescription allowed
Schedule V drugs - Answers - low, relative to substances in schedule IV, may lead to
limited dependence
Class I recall - Answers - dangerous drug, defective product could cause serious health
problems, death
Class II recall - Answers - product might cause temporary health problem, pose slight
threat of serious nature
Class III recall - Answers - product that's unlikely to cause any adverse health reaction,
but violates FDA labeling, manufacturing laws
Phase I clinical trials - Answers - determine safety, few healthy participants take drug
for several months to measure any harmful events
Phase II clinical trials - Answers - main goals of these trails is to see whether a drug
works as desired
