CHS 200 FINAL- QUIZ QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Describe
(a) what viral RNA polymerase does,
(b) the infection it is associated with,
(c) its limitations, and
(d) the public health implications. - (a) proofreads replication
(b) influenza
(c) makes a lot of mistakes
(d) Lots of mutations means we need new (seasonal) vaccines every year.
Examine the graph of influenza mortality in an endemic year (1916-1917) and an
epidemic year (1918). What are the two major differences? - Young people 15-44 had
an exceptionally high mortality rate and older people had a lower mortality rate.
(a) Describe the specific physiological changes to the influenza virus that result in
antigenic shift and drift,
(b) the reason for this, and
(c) explain what those terms mean. - (a) Hemagglutinin and Neurominanse (or H and N,
H1N1, H5N1 etc) on the outside of the virus
(b) change due to mutations
(c) When the mutations are minor, you get antigenic drift resulting in seasonal influenza.
When the mutations are major you get antigenic shift resulting in pandemic influenza.
Describe what happened to the H1N1 influenza virus over time (hint: what happened to
the myxoma virus over time? I am looking for two specific terms regarding viral spread
and lethalness). - Viruses prefer pathogenicity over virulence over time.
Describe the evolution of superbugs at the
(a) molecular level,
(b) cell level,
(c) and three individual and social level factors. - (a) DNA mutations make changes,
which make superbugs.
(b) resistant to antibiotics
(c) due to people not completing their antibiotics, physician indiscriminate proscribing
practices, and use of antibiotics in animals/livestock
Define MRSA, describe in detail the "MR" of the acronym specifically, where it is found
(person and environmental places), and what the biggest concern is for the future. -
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is resistant to second and third lines of
antibiotics; is found in the young, old, and immunocompromised—those living in
crowded conditions in hospitals and in the community; which is the most worrisome.
Describe the
(a) first,
(b) second, and
Describe
(a) what viral RNA polymerase does,
(b) the infection it is associated with,
(c) its limitations, and
(d) the public health implications. - (a) proofreads replication
(b) influenza
(c) makes a lot of mistakes
(d) Lots of mutations means we need new (seasonal) vaccines every year.
Examine the graph of influenza mortality in an endemic year (1916-1917) and an
epidemic year (1918). What are the two major differences? - Young people 15-44 had
an exceptionally high mortality rate and older people had a lower mortality rate.
(a) Describe the specific physiological changes to the influenza virus that result in
antigenic shift and drift,
(b) the reason for this, and
(c) explain what those terms mean. - (a) Hemagglutinin and Neurominanse (or H and N,
H1N1, H5N1 etc) on the outside of the virus
(b) change due to mutations
(c) When the mutations are minor, you get antigenic drift resulting in seasonal influenza.
When the mutations are major you get antigenic shift resulting in pandemic influenza.
Describe what happened to the H1N1 influenza virus over time (hint: what happened to
the myxoma virus over time? I am looking for two specific terms regarding viral spread
and lethalness). - Viruses prefer pathogenicity over virulence over time.
Describe the evolution of superbugs at the
(a) molecular level,
(b) cell level,
(c) and three individual and social level factors. - (a) DNA mutations make changes,
which make superbugs.
(b) resistant to antibiotics
(c) due to people not completing their antibiotics, physician indiscriminate proscribing
practices, and use of antibiotics in animals/livestock
Define MRSA, describe in detail the "MR" of the acronym specifically, where it is found
(person and environmental places), and what the biggest concern is for the future. -
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is resistant to second and third lines of
antibiotics; is found in the young, old, and immunocompromised—those living in
crowded conditions in hospitals and in the community; which is the most worrisome.
Describe the
(a) first,
(b) second, and
