NUR 2101_Infection Control Questions With Complete
Solutions
Airborne: Correct Answers for illnesses transmitted by
airborne droplets such as measles, varicella, and tuberculosis
Asepsis Correct Answers is the freedom from disease-causing
microorganisms. To decrease the possibility of transferring
microorganisms from one place to another, aseptic technique is
used.
Body Substance Isolation (BSI) Correct Answers Employs
generic infection control precautions for all clients
Body substances include:
* Blood
* Urine
* Feces
* Wound drainage
* Oral secretions
* Any other body product or tissue
Breaking the Chain Correct Answers Etiologic agent
^ Ensure articles are clean
^ Educate clients about cleaning
Reservoir
^ Change dressings when soiled
^ Dispose of urine and feces properly
Method of transmission
,^ Wash hands!
^ Wear gowns if danger of soiling clothing
Portal of exit
^ Avoid talking, coughing or sneezing over open wound
^ Cover mouth and nose when sneezing and coughing
Portal of entry
^ Use sterile technique for invasive procedures
^ Provide clients with their own personal care items
Susceptible Host
^ Maintain skin integrity
^ Ensure a balanced diet
Caring for Patients at Risk for Infection Correct Answers *
Always wash hands before and after caring for patient
* Use strict aseptic technique when performing invasive
procedures including dressing changes
* Check all packaging for intactness and expiration dates
~ Compromised clients (those highly susceptible to infection)
are often infected by their own microorganisms, by
microorganisms on the inadequately cleansed hands of health
care personnel, and by nonsterile items.
~ Clients who are severely compromised include those who (1)
have diseases that depress the client's resistance to infectious
organisms and (2) have extensive skin impairments, such as
, severe dermatitis or major burns, which cannot be effectively
covered with dressings. The 2007 CDC guidelines for severely
compromised (immunocompromised) clients include the use of
standard precautions as described earlier.
~ Initiation of practices to prevent the transmission of
microorganisms is generally a nursing responsibility and is
based on a comprehensive assessment of the client. This
assessment takes into account the status of the client's normal
defence mechanisms, the client's ability to implement necessary
precautions, and the source and mode of transmission of the
infectious agent. The nurse then decides whether to wear gloves,
gowns, masks, and protective eyewear. In all client situations,
nurses must cleanse their hands before and after giving care.
Caring for Patients at Risk for Infection Correct Answers
Follow agency policies for managing used equipment and
supplies
Prevent urinary tract infections
Maintain intact skin and prevent respiratory infections
Classifying Infections Correct Answers * Localized or
systemic
* Acute or chronic
* Health-care associated infections (nosocomial)
* Iatrogenic infections (result of diagnostic or therapeutic
procedures)
~ Infections can be local or systemic.
~ A local infection is limited to the specific part of the body
where the microorganisms remain.
Solutions
Airborne: Correct Answers for illnesses transmitted by
airborne droplets such as measles, varicella, and tuberculosis
Asepsis Correct Answers is the freedom from disease-causing
microorganisms. To decrease the possibility of transferring
microorganisms from one place to another, aseptic technique is
used.
Body Substance Isolation (BSI) Correct Answers Employs
generic infection control precautions for all clients
Body substances include:
* Blood
* Urine
* Feces
* Wound drainage
* Oral secretions
* Any other body product or tissue
Breaking the Chain Correct Answers Etiologic agent
^ Ensure articles are clean
^ Educate clients about cleaning
Reservoir
^ Change dressings when soiled
^ Dispose of urine and feces properly
Method of transmission
,^ Wash hands!
^ Wear gowns if danger of soiling clothing
Portal of exit
^ Avoid talking, coughing or sneezing over open wound
^ Cover mouth and nose when sneezing and coughing
Portal of entry
^ Use sterile technique for invasive procedures
^ Provide clients with their own personal care items
Susceptible Host
^ Maintain skin integrity
^ Ensure a balanced diet
Caring for Patients at Risk for Infection Correct Answers *
Always wash hands before and after caring for patient
* Use strict aseptic technique when performing invasive
procedures including dressing changes
* Check all packaging for intactness and expiration dates
~ Compromised clients (those highly susceptible to infection)
are often infected by their own microorganisms, by
microorganisms on the inadequately cleansed hands of health
care personnel, and by nonsterile items.
~ Clients who are severely compromised include those who (1)
have diseases that depress the client's resistance to infectious
organisms and (2) have extensive skin impairments, such as
, severe dermatitis or major burns, which cannot be effectively
covered with dressings. The 2007 CDC guidelines for severely
compromised (immunocompromised) clients include the use of
standard precautions as described earlier.
~ Initiation of practices to prevent the transmission of
microorganisms is generally a nursing responsibility and is
based on a comprehensive assessment of the client. This
assessment takes into account the status of the client's normal
defence mechanisms, the client's ability to implement necessary
precautions, and the source and mode of transmission of the
infectious agent. The nurse then decides whether to wear gloves,
gowns, masks, and protective eyewear. In all client situations,
nurses must cleanse their hands before and after giving care.
Caring for Patients at Risk for Infection Correct Answers
Follow agency policies for managing used equipment and
supplies
Prevent urinary tract infections
Maintain intact skin and prevent respiratory infections
Classifying Infections Correct Answers * Localized or
systemic
* Acute or chronic
* Health-care associated infections (nosocomial)
* Iatrogenic infections (result of diagnostic or therapeutic
procedures)
~ Infections can be local or systemic.
~ A local infection is limited to the specific part of the body
where the microorganisms remain.
