PSY 352 Exam 3 Review Questions
and correct answers 2025/2026
What are the withdrawal symptoms of alcohol use disorder? - Answ✔✔-feeling anxious
-depressed
-weak
-restless
-unable to sleep
-muscle tremors
-pulse, blood pressure, and temperature may be elevated
What are some medical problems due to long-term cigarette smoking? - Answ✔✔-emphysema
-cancers to the larynx, esophagus, pancreas, bladder, cervix, and stomach
-complications during pregnancy
-sudden infant death syndrome
-periodontitis
-cardiovascular disorders
DSM-5 Criteria for Substance Use Disorder - Answ✔✔-problematic pattern of use that impairs
functioning
-two or more symptoms within a 1-year period:
--failure to meet obligations
--repeated use in situations where it is physically dangerous
--repeated relationship problems
--continued use despite problems caused by the substance
--tolerance
--withdrawal
--substance taken for a longer time or in greater amounts than intended
--efforts to reduce or control use do not work
--much time spent trying to obtain the substance
--social, hobbies, or work activities given up or reduced
,--craving to use the substance is strong
Mild Severity Rating for Substance Use - Answ✔✔2-3 criteria met
Moderate Severity Rating for Substance Use - Answ✔✔4-5 criteria met
Severe Severity Rating for Substance Use - Answ✔✔6 or more criteria met
What are the two symptoms that are often part of a severe substance use disorder? -
Answ✔✔tolerance and withdrawal
tolerance - Answ✔✔larger doses of the substance being needed to produce the desired effect or the
effects of the drug becoming markedly less if the usual amount is taken
withdrawal - Answ✔✔the negative physical and psychological effects that develop when a person stops
taking the substance or reduces the amount
delirium tremens (DTs) - Answ✔✔when the level of alcohol in the blood drops suddenly, the person
becomes delirious as well as tremulous and has hallucinations that are primarily visual but may be
tactile as well
80 to 85% of people who abuse alcohol also... - Answ✔✔smoke
-high comorbidity may be because alcohol and nicotine are cross tolerant
-nicotine can induce tolerance for the rewarding effects of alcohol and vice versa
What disorders are alcohol use disorder comorbid with? - Answ✔✔borderline and antisocial personality
disorders, mood disorders, and anxiety disorders
What neurotransmitters/receptors does alcohol affect in the short-term? - Answ✔✔-GABA: may
account for ability to reduce tension
, -serotonin/dopamine: produce pleasurable effects
-inhibits glutamate receptors: may cause the cognitive effects (slowed thinking and memory loss)
Long-Term Effects of Prolonged Alcohol Abuse - Answ✔✔-impairs digestion and reabsorption of
vitamins
-cirrhosis of the liver
-damage to endocrine glands, brain, and pancreas, as well as heart failure, erectile dysfunction,
hypertension, stroke, and capillary hemorrhages
-fetal alcohol syndrome
Vitamin B Deficiency due to Alcohol - Answ✔✔deficiency of B-complex vitamins can cause a severe loss
of memory for both recent and long-past events (in older people who have abused alcohol)
Cirrhosis of the liver - Answ✔✔liver cells become engorged with fat and protein
-some cells die, triggering an inflammatory process, and when scar tissue develops, blood flow is
obstructed
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) - Answ✔✔growth of the fetus is slowed, and cranial, facial, and limb
abnormalities occur
-heavy alcohol consumption during pregnancy can also lead to IDs
What is the single most preventable cause of premature death in the US/other parts of the world? -
Answ✔✔smoking
What are the probable harmful components in the smoke from burning tobacco? - Answ✔✔-nicotine
-carbon monoxide
-tar (certain hydrocarbons -> carcinogens)
How does socioeconomic class predict smoking? - Answ✔✔smoking is more prevalent in lower
socioeconomic classes
and correct answers 2025/2026
What are the withdrawal symptoms of alcohol use disorder? - Answ✔✔-feeling anxious
-depressed
-weak
-restless
-unable to sleep
-muscle tremors
-pulse, blood pressure, and temperature may be elevated
What are some medical problems due to long-term cigarette smoking? - Answ✔✔-emphysema
-cancers to the larynx, esophagus, pancreas, bladder, cervix, and stomach
-complications during pregnancy
-sudden infant death syndrome
-periodontitis
-cardiovascular disorders
DSM-5 Criteria for Substance Use Disorder - Answ✔✔-problematic pattern of use that impairs
functioning
-two or more symptoms within a 1-year period:
--failure to meet obligations
--repeated use in situations where it is physically dangerous
--repeated relationship problems
--continued use despite problems caused by the substance
--tolerance
--withdrawal
--substance taken for a longer time or in greater amounts than intended
--efforts to reduce or control use do not work
--much time spent trying to obtain the substance
--social, hobbies, or work activities given up or reduced
,--craving to use the substance is strong
Mild Severity Rating for Substance Use - Answ✔✔2-3 criteria met
Moderate Severity Rating for Substance Use - Answ✔✔4-5 criteria met
Severe Severity Rating for Substance Use - Answ✔✔6 or more criteria met
What are the two symptoms that are often part of a severe substance use disorder? -
Answ✔✔tolerance and withdrawal
tolerance - Answ✔✔larger doses of the substance being needed to produce the desired effect or the
effects of the drug becoming markedly less if the usual amount is taken
withdrawal - Answ✔✔the negative physical and psychological effects that develop when a person stops
taking the substance or reduces the amount
delirium tremens (DTs) - Answ✔✔when the level of alcohol in the blood drops suddenly, the person
becomes delirious as well as tremulous and has hallucinations that are primarily visual but may be
tactile as well
80 to 85% of people who abuse alcohol also... - Answ✔✔smoke
-high comorbidity may be because alcohol and nicotine are cross tolerant
-nicotine can induce tolerance for the rewarding effects of alcohol and vice versa
What disorders are alcohol use disorder comorbid with? - Answ✔✔borderline and antisocial personality
disorders, mood disorders, and anxiety disorders
What neurotransmitters/receptors does alcohol affect in the short-term? - Answ✔✔-GABA: may
account for ability to reduce tension
, -serotonin/dopamine: produce pleasurable effects
-inhibits glutamate receptors: may cause the cognitive effects (slowed thinking and memory loss)
Long-Term Effects of Prolonged Alcohol Abuse - Answ✔✔-impairs digestion and reabsorption of
vitamins
-cirrhosis of the liver
-damage to endocrine glands, brain, and pancreas, as well as heart failure, erectile dysfunction,
hypertension, stroke, and capillary hemorrhages
-fetal alcohol syndrome
Vitamin B Deficiency due to Alcohol - Answ✔✔deficiency of B-complex vitamins can cause a severe loss
of memory for both recent and long-past events (in older people who have abused alcohol)
Cirrhosis of the liver - Answ✔✔liver cells become engorged with fat and protein
-some cells die, triggering an inflammatory process, and when scar tissue develops, blood flow is
obstructed
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) - Answ✔✔growth of the fetus is slowed, and cranial, facial, and limb
abnormalities occur
-heavy alcohol consumption during pregnancy can also lead to IDs
What is the single most preventable cause of premature death in the US/other parts of the world? -
Answ✔✔smoking
What are the probable harmful components in the smoke from burning tobacco? - Answ✔✔-nicotine
-carbon monoxide
-tar (certain hydrocarbons -> carcinogens)
How does socioeconomic class predict smoking? - Answ✔✔smoking is more prevalent in lower
socioeconomic classes
