BIOL 2040 - Chapter 34 Questions With Complete Solutions
________ _______ receive input and retain nerve net with
beginning of more centralized nervous system Correct Answers
Cerebral ganglia
A cell that exists primarily to maintain osmotic balance between
an organism's body and surrounding fluids; present in
flatworms. Correct Answers flame cell
A central cavity in the body of a sponge. Correct Answers
spongocoel
A characteristic feature of cnidarians; a stinging cell that
functions in defense or the capture of prey. Correct Answers
cnidocyte
A gelatinous, protein-rich matrix in between the choanocytes
and the epithelial cells of a sponge. Correct Answers mesohyl
A large number of nematodes are parasitic in humans and other
vertebrates. Name some. Correct Answers •Ascaris
lumbricoides (large roundworm) - over 1 billion people infected
•Necator americanus - hookworm
•Enterobius vermicularis - pinworm
•Wuchereria bancrofti (large worm that lives in the lymphatic
system) - causes elephantiasis
A large phylum containing snails, clams, oysters, octopuses and
squids Correct Answers Mollusca
,A mobile cell within a sponge's mesophyl that absorbs food
from choanocytes, digests it, and carries the nutrients to other
cells. Correct Answers amoebocyte
A nonliving covering that serves to both support and protect an
animal. Correct Answers cuticle
A paired structure in the head of invertebrates that receives input
from sensory cells and controls motor output. Correct Answers
cerebral ganglia
A specialized cell of sponges that functions to trap and eat
particulate matter and plankton. Correct Answers choanocyte
A tough protein that lends skeletal support to a sponge. Correct
Answers spongin
A type of cnidarian body form that is motile and usually floats
mouth down. Correct Answers medusa
A type of cnidarian body form that is sessile and occurs mouth
up. Correct Answers polyp
A unique, protrusible, tonguelike organ in a mollusk that has
many teeth and is used to eat plants, scrape food particles off
rocks, or bore into shells of other species. Correct Answers
radula
An asexual process in which an offspring develops from an
unfertilized egg.
, Which phylum reproduces this way? Correct Answers
parthenogenesis
Rotifers - their unfertilized diploid eggs develop into females;
fertilized eggs can survive harsh conditions and are easily
dispersed
Animals without a backbone - 95% of animal species Correct
Answers Invertebrates
Are cnidocytes recycled for reuse once they have been fired?
Correct Answers Cnidocytes are not reused. New ones form to
replace the discharged ones.
At the anterior end of some free-living flatworms are light-
sensitive eyespots, called ______ . Correct Answers ocelli
Chitinous bristles in the integument of many invertebrates.
Correct Answers setae
Describe reproduction in mollusks. Correct Answers Gametes
are usually released into the water, where they mix and
fertilization occurs.
In some snails, however, fertilization is internal, with the male
inserting sperm directly into the female. Internal fertilization
was a critical innovation enabling some snails to colonize land.
In many species, reproduction involves the production of a
trochophore larva that develops into a veliger.
________ _______ receive input and retain nerve net with
beginning of more centralized nervous system Correct Answers
Cerebral ganglia
A cell that exists primarily to maintain osmotic balance between
an organism's body and surrounding fluids; present in
flatworms. Correct Answers flame cell
A central cavity in the body of a sponge. Correct Answers
spongocoel
A characteristic feature of cnidarians; a stinging cell that
functions in defense or the capture of prey. Correct Answers
cnidocyte
A gelatinous, protein-rich matrix in between the choanocytes
and the epithelial cells of a sponge. Correct Answers mesohyl
A large number of nematodes are parasitic in humans and other
vertebrates. Name some. Correct Answers •Ascaris
lumbricoides (large roundworm) - over 1 billion people infected
•Necator americanus - hookworm
•Enterobius vermicularis - pinworm
•Wuchereria bancrofti (large worm that lives in the lymphatic
system) - causes elephantiasis
A large phylum containing snails, clams, oysters, octopuses and
squids Correct Answers Mollusca
,A mobile cell within a sponge's mesophyl that absorbs food
from choanocytes, digests it, and carries the nutrients to other
cells. Correct Answers amoebocyte
A nonliving covering that serves to both support and protect an
animal. Correct Answers cuticle
A paired structure in the head of invertebrates that receives input
from sensory cells and controls motor output. Correct Answers
cerebral ganglia
A specialized cell of sponges that functions to trap and eat
particulate matter and plankton. Correct Answers choanocyte
A tough protein that lends skeletal support to a sponge. Correct
Answers spongin
A type of cnidarian body form that is motile and usually floats
mouth down. Correct Answers medusa
A type of cnidarian body form that is sessile and occurs mouth
up. Correct Answers polyp
A unique, protrusible, tonguelike organ in a mollusk that has
many teeth and is used to eat plants, scrape food particles off
rocks, or bore into shells of other species. Correct Answers
radula
An asexual process in which an offspring develops from an
unfertilized egg.
, Which phylum reproduces this way? Correct Answers
parthenogenesis
Rotifers - their unfertilized diploid eggs develop into females;
fertilized eggs can survive harsh conditions and are easily
dispersed
Animals without a backbone - 95% of animal species Correct
Answers Invertebrates
Are cnidocytes recycled for reuse once they have been fired?
Correct Answers Cnidocytes are not reused. New ones form to
replace the discharged ones.
At the anterior end of some free-living flatworms are light-
sensitive eyespots, called ______ . Correct Answers ocelli
Chitinous bristles in the integument of many invertebrates.
Correct Answers setae
Describe reproduction in mollusks. Correct Answers Gametes
are usually released into the water, where they mix and
fertilization occurs.
In some snails, however, fertilization is internal, with the male
inserting sperm directly into the female. Internal fertilization
was a critical innovation enabling some snails to colonize land.
In many species, reproduction involves the production of a
trochophore larva that develops into a veliger.
