ECHO EXAM PRACTICE QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Congenital cardiac anomaly seen most frequently - Answers - Bicuspid aortic valve
Echo window used to assess the IVC - Answers - Subcostal
Number and location of the papillary muscles of a normal MV - Answers - 2;
posteromedial and anterolateral
Prolapse of the MV is associated with what sound - Answers - Midsystolic click and/or
late systolic murmur
Papillary muscle dysfunction usually results from - Answers - Ischemic heart disease
To record the vegetation's of endocarditis by echo, the veg must have a diameter of -
Answers - 2 mm
How many veins connect the pulmonary vascular bed with the left atrium in the normal
heart - Answers - 4
Which 2-D Echo view is best to identify a malformed TV for Ebstein's anomaly -
Answers - Apical 4 chamber
Infundibular pulmonary stenosis is uncommon as an isolated lesion and is usually
associated with - Answers - VSD
2-D Echo view best for assessing the interatrial septum - Answers - Subcostal 4
chamber
Most common ASD - Answers - Ostium secundum
M-mode demonstration of mid-systolic closure of the PV with a decreased "a" wave is
consistent with - Answers - Pulmonary hypertension
False overriding of the aorta may be produced on M-mode by - Answers - Positioning
the transducer In too high of an intercostal spaced
Atrial fibrillation is most commonly associated with which valve disease - Answers -
Rheumatic mitral stenosis
An example of a bioprosthetic valve - Answers - Ionescu-Shiley bovine pericardial
Doppler measures a pressure drop by the Berboulli equation. This equation actually
measures the ________ gradient across the valve - Answers - Peak instantaneous
,When a patient has a clinical diagnosis of pericarditis - Answers - A pericardial effusion
may not be present on echo
In normal patients, most ventricular filling occurs - Answers - In the first third of diastole
Patient has auscultatory and angiographic evidence of MVP but Echo is normal you
should: - Answers - Echo patient in standing position
TV closure occurs - Answers - Less than 0.06 sec after MV closure
Kawasaki's disease may lead to - Answers - Coronary artery aneurysm
Echo technique best used to detect MR - Answers - Pulsed doppler
2-D echo shows thickened ventricular walls but normal LV size, the myocardium has a
speckled appearance which cardiomyopathy is it - Answers - Infiltrative
Atrial myxomas are usually attached to the - Answers - Fossa ovalis region of the atrial
septum
2-D view best for direct imaging of a discrete subaortic membrane - Answers - Apical 5
chamber and apical long axis
Echo of teenage boy shows the mid-portion of the atrial septum cannot be seen what
congenital heart disease might this be - Answers - Ostium secundum ASD
Best placement of the Doppler transducer for maximum velocities of flow across a
bioprosthetic valve in the mitral position - Answers - apical 4 chamber
Premature opening of the pulmonary valve may be seen in: - Answers - constrictive
pericarditis
When the velocity of blood flow exceeds the Doppler Nyquist limit, what occurs -
Answers - aliasing
An underestimation of the severity of aortic stenosis by continuous wave Doppler may
occur with - Answers - Low cardiac output
Estimation of the mitral valve area from Doppler is calculated by - Answers - pressure
half-time
Doppler US may show retrograde flow velocities within the ascending aorta during
diastole in the presence of - Answers - Aortic regurgitation
Patient with a recent myocardial infarction is diagnosed with Dressler's syndrome, 2-D
should be done to rule out - Answers - Pericardial effusion
, Patient with MS, a continuous wave Doppler study shows a peak diastolic velocity of
2m/s, what is the peak pressure gradient across the MV - Answers -
4(v)squared=4(2)squared=16 mm Hg
Patients with tricuspid atresia, blood flow will shunt from the right atrium to the left
atrium through - Answers - PFO
22 yr old patient with Down Syndrome is referred to echo lab, most common lesion
associated with these paients is - Answers - AV septal defect
In laminar flow, mean velocity is: - Answers - roughly equal to maximum velocity
When obtaining a continuous wave Doppler aortic profile from the apex through a
heavily calcified aortic valve you may - Answers - underestimate the velocity
M-mode finding that specifically indicates a fenestrated aortic valve - Answers -
Diastolic flutter of the aov
What cardiac abnormalities are frequently noted on the echo of marfan's syndrome -
Answers - MVP and aortic dilatation
Term that is used to describe a segment of the ventricular wall that shows NO motion -
Answers - Akinesis
Has a smaller more narrow neck than a true aneurysm - Answers - Pseudoaneurysm
Cardiomyopathy associated with amyloidosis - Answers - Infiltrative
Patient with carcinoid heart disease, tech should pay special attention to the - Answers
- Tricuspid valve
Doppler jet of MS obtained at the apex is sometimes confused with - Answers - Aortic
insufficiecy
When Starr-Edwards prosthetic valves are located in both the mitral and aortic
positions, mitral regurgitation is best detected from which window - Answers -
subcostal
Patients with aortic stenosis and atrial fibrillation, peak systolic aortic velocity will be -
Answers - higher following long R-R intervals
Aliasing on color flow Doppler is shown by - Answers - reversal in color
Premature mitral valve closure on M-mode is a sign of high left ventricular diastolic
pressure in - Answers - aortic insufficiency
Congenital cardiac anomaly seen most frequently - Answers - Bicuspid aortic valve
Echo window used to assess the IVC - Answers - Subcostal
Number and location of the papillary muscles of a normal MV - Answers - 2;
posteromedial and anterolateral
Prolapse of the MV is associated with what sound - Answers - Midsystolic click and/or
late systolic murmur
Papillary muscle dysfunction usually results from - Answers - Ischemic heart disease
To record the vegetation's of endocarditis by echo, the veg must have a diameter of -
Answers - 2 mm
How many veins connect the pulmonary vascular bed with the left atrium in the normal
heart - Answers - 4
Which 2-D Echo view is best to identify a malformed TV for Ebstein's anomaly -
Answers - Apical 4 chamber
Infundibular pulmonary stenosis is uncommon as an isolated lesion and is usually
associated with - Answers - VSD
2-D Echo view best for assessing the interatrial septum - Answers - Subcostal 4
chamber
Most common ASD - Answers - Ostium secundum
M-mode demonstration of mid-systolic closure of the PV with a decreased "a" wave is
consistent with - Answers - Pulmonary hypertension
False overriding of the aorta may be produced on M-mode by - Answers - Positioning
the transducer In too high of an intercostal spaced
Atrial fibrillation is most commonly associated with which valve disease - Answers -
Rheumatic mitral stenosis
An example of a bioprosthetic valve - Answers - Ionescu-Shiley bovine pericardial
Doppler measures a pressure drop by the Berboulli equation. This equation actually
measures the ________ gradient across the valve - Answers - Peak instantaneous
,When a patient has a clinical diagnosis of pericarditis - Answers - A pericardial effusion
may not be present on echo
In normal patients, most ventricular filling occurs - Answers - In the first third of diastole
Patient has auscultatory and angiographic evidence of MVP but Echo is normal you
should: - Answers - Echo patient in standing position
TV closure occurs - Answers - Less than 0.06 sec after MV closure
Kawasaki's disease may lead to - Answers - Coronary artery aneurysm
Echo technique best used to detect MR - Answers - Pulsed doppler
2-D echo shows thickened ventricular walls but normal LV size, the myocardium has a
speckled appearance which cardiomyopathy is it - Answers - Infiltrative
Atrial myxomas are usually attached to the - Answers - Fossa ovalis region of the atrial
septum
2-D view best for direct imaging of a discrete subaortic membrane - Answers - Apical 5
chamber and apical long axis
Echo of teenage boy shows the mid-portion of the atrial septum cannot be seen what
congenital heart disease might this be - Answers - Ostium secundum ASD
Best placement of the Doppler transducer for maximum velocities of flow across a
bioprosthetic valve in the mitral position - Answers - apical 4 chamber
Premature opening of the pulmonary valve may be seen in: - Answers - constrictive
pericarditis
When the velocity of blood flow exceeds the Doppler Nyquist limit, what occurs -
Answers - aliasing
An underestimation of the severity of aortic stenosis by continuous wave Doppler may
occur with - Answers - Low cardiac output
Estimation of the mitral valve area from Doppler is calculated by - Answers - pressure
half-time
Doppler US may show retrograde flow velocities within the ascending aorta during
diastole in the presence of - Answers - Aortic regurgitation
Patient with a recent myocardial infarction is diagnosed with Dressler's syndrome, 2-D
should be done to rule out - Answers - Pericardial effusion
, Patient with MS, a continuous wave Doppler study shows a peak diastolic velocity of
2m/s, what is the peak pressure gradient across the MV - Answers -
4(v)squared=4(2)squared=16 mm Hg
Patients with tricuspid atresia, blood flow will shunt from the right atrium to the left
atrium through - Answers - PFO
22 yr old patient with Down Syndrome is referred to echo lab, most common lesion
associated with these paients is - Answers - AV septal defect
In laminar flow, mean velocity is: - Answers - roughly equal to maximum velocity
When obtaining a continuous wave Doppler aortic profile from the apex through a
heavily calcified aortic valve you may - Answers - underestimate the velocity
M-mode finding that specifically indicates a fenestrated aortic valve - Answers -
Diastolic flutter of the aov
What cardiac abnormalities are frequently noted on the echo of marfan's syndrome -
Answers - MVP and aortic dilatation
Term that is used to describe a segment of the ventricular wall that shows NO motion -
Answers - Akinesis
Has a smaller more narrow neck than a true aneurysm - Answers - Pseudoaneurysm
Cardiomyopathy associated with amyloidosis - Answers - Infiltrative
Patient with carcinoid heart disease, tech should pay special attention to the - Answers
- Tricuspid valve
Doppler jet of MS obtained at the apex is sometimes confused with - Answers - Aortic
insufficiecy
When Starr-Edwards prosthetic valves are located in both the mitral and aortic
positions, mitral regurgitation is best detected from which window - Answers -
subcostal
Patients with aortic stenosis and atrial fibrillation, peak systolic aortic velocity will be -
Answers - higher following long R-R intervals
Aliasing on color flow Doppler is shown by - Answers - reversal in color
Premature mitral valve closure on M-mode is a sign of high left ventricular diastolic
pressure in - Answers - aortic insufficiency
