MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS EXAM
CHAPTER #1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
In a DNA molecule, one end has a free hydroxyl group and one end has a free what?
- ANSWER-phosphate group
The nucleotides in single strand of DNA are held together by _________________
bonds between sugar and phosphate groups - ANSWER-phosphodiester
Which of the five ribose carbons of the deoxyribonucleotide are involved in formation
of the DNA chain?
A. 1' and 5'
B. 2' and 4'
C. 3' and 4'
D. 3' and 5' - ANSWER-3' and 5'
Which of the following is a purine?
A. thymine
B. cytosine
C. adenine
D. alanine - ANSWER-adenine
Sequences that are not identical and are oriented in opposite directions are ; -
ANSWER-homologous DNA sequences
The term used to describe the arrangement of the individual strands in the double-
stranded DNA molecule is:
A. parallel
B. antiparallel
C. tangential
D. divergent - ANSWER-antiparallel
DNA replication requires the presence of:
A. DNA template
B. pyrophosphate
C. amino acids
D. messenger RNA - ANSWER-DNA template
DNA replication proceeds with the new daughter strand synthesized in the following
orientation:
A. 3' to 5'
B. 5' to 3'
C. both strands are leading
D. any direction - ANSWER-5' to 3'
DNA replication is :
, A. conservative
B. semi-conservative
C. non-conservative
D. Dispersive - ANSWER-Semi-conservative
Which of the following does not play a role in DNA replication?
A. RNA primer
B. deoxynucleotide
C. Stop codon
D. DNA polymerase - ANSWER-stop codon
The lagging DNA strand is synthesized discontinuously producing:
A. kornberg fragments
B. southern fragments
C. Okazaki fragments
D. Klenow fragments - ANSWER-Okazaki fragments
In DNA replication, where does replication begin and end?
A. origin of replication end of the molecule
B. promoter; termination site
C. start codon; stop codon
D. start codon; termination site - ANSWER-origin or replication; end of molecule
Which of the following enzymes will untangle DNA?
A. polymerase
B. Helicase
C. kinase
D. phosphatase - ANSWER-Helicase
Enzymes that recognize palindromic sequences of DNA, that are cut within the
recognition sequence, that do not have methylating activity, and that are used
frequently in the laboratory are which type of restriction enzymes?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV - ANSWER-Type II
Which of the following is a type II restriction enzyme recognition site?
A. GAATTC
B. GAATTG
C. GAAAAG
D. GATCAG - ANSWER-GAATTC
Restriction endonucleases are enzymes that are produced by bacteria
and__________________
A. degrade viral proteins
B. digest DNA
C. have no laboratory applications
D. degrade lipids - ANSWER-digest DNA
CHAPTER #1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
In a DNA molecule, one end has a free hydroxyl group and one end has a free what?
- ANSWER-phosphate group
The nucleotides in single strand of DNA are held together by _________________
bonds between sugar and phosphate groups - ANSWER-phosphodiester
Which of the five ribose carbons of the deoxyribonucleotide are involved in formation
of the DNA chain?
A. 1' and 5'
B. 2' and 4'
C. 3' and 4'
D. 3' and 5' - ANSWER-3' and 5'
Which of the following is a purine?
A. thymine
B. cytosine
C. adenine
D. alanine - ANSWER-adenine
Sequences that are not identical and are oriented in opposite directions are ; -
ANSWER-homologous DNA sequences
The term used to describe the arrangement of the individual strands in the double-
stranded DNA molecule is:
A. parallel
B. antiparallel
C. tangential
D. divergent - ANSWER-antiparallel
DNA replication requires the presence of:
A. DNA template
B. pyrophosphate
C. amino acids
D. messenger RNA - ANSWER-DNA template
DNA replication proceeds with the new daughter strand synthesized in the following
orientation:
A. 3' to 5'
B. 5' to 3'
C. both strands are leading
D. any direction - ANSWER-5' to 3'
DNA replication is :
, A. conservative
B. semi-conservative
C. non-conservative
D. Dispersive - ANSWER-Semi-conservative
Which of the following does not play a role in DNA replication?
A. RNA primer
B. deoxynucleotide
C. Stop codon
D. DNA polymerase - ANSWER-stop codon
The lagging DNA strand is synthesized discontinuously producing:
A. kornberg fragments
B. southern fragments
C. Okazaki fragments
D. Klenow fragments - ANSWER-Okazaki fragments
In DNA replication, where does replication begin and end?
A. origin of replication end of the molecule
B. promoter; termination site
C. start codon; stop codon
D. start codon; termination site - ANSWER-origin or replication; end of molecule
Which of the following enzymes will untangle DNA?
A. polymerase
B. Helicase
C. kinase
D. phosphatase - ANSWER-Helicase
Enzymes that recognize palindromic sequences of DNA, that are cut within the
recognition sequence, that do not have methylating activity, and that are used
frequently in the laboratory are which type of restriction enzymes?
A. Type I
B. Type II
C. Type III
D. Type IV - ANSWER-Type II
Which of the following is a type II restriction enzyme recognition site?
A. GAATTC
B. GAATTG
C. GAAAAG
D. GATCAG - ANSWER-GAATTC
Restriction endonucleases are enzymes that are produced by bacteria
and__________________
A. degrade viral proteins
B. digest DNA
C. have no laboratory applications
D. degrade lipids - ANSWER-digest DNA
