STAT 202: PROBABILITY, ESTIMATION, AND HYPOTHESIS TESTING
Computational reproducibility - answers✔✔The process of being able to pass all of one's data
analysis, data-sets, and conclusions to someone else and have them get exactly the same results
on their machine
Console - answers✔✔where you enter data into
Running code - answers✔✔the act of telling R to perform an action by giving it commands in
the console
Objects - answers✔✔where values are saved in R
Data types - answers✔✔integers, doubles/numerics, logicals, and characters
Vectors - answers✔✔A series of values, created using c() function, where c() stands for
"combine" or "concentrate"
ex: c(6,11,13,31,90,92)
Data frames - answers✔✔representations of data sets in R where the rows correspond to
observations and the columns correspond to variables that describe observations
Conditionals - answers✔✔testing for equality in R using == (NOT =)
, Functions/commands - answers✔✔perform tasks in R, take inputs (arguments) and return
outputs
Error - answers✔✔red, code will not run
Warning - answers✔✔red, code will work with caveats
Messages - answers✔✔not error/warning
glimpse(), view() - answers✔✔explore the data frame
kable() - answers✔✔data entry
The Grammar of Graphics - answers✔✔define a set of rules for constructing statistical graphics
by combining different types of layers
ggplot2 - answers✔✔Data Visualization
Scatterplot - answers✔✔allows for visualization of the relationship between two numerical
variables
ggplot( data: _____, Mapping= aes(x=___, y=___) + geom_point() - answers✔✔sample code for
scatterplot
geom_point(alpha 0.2) - answers✔✔adjust transparency
Computational reproducibility - answers✔✔The process of being able to pass all of one's data
analysis, data-sets, and conclusions to someone else and have them get exactly the same results
on their machine
Console - answers✔✔where you enter data into
Running code - answers✔✔the act of telling R to perform an action by giving it commands in
the console
Objects - answers✔✔where values are saved in R
Data types - answers✔✔integers, doubles/numerics, logicals, and characters
Vectors - answers✔✔A series of values, created using c() function, where c() stands for
"combine" or "concentrate"
ex: c(6,11,13,31,90,92)
Data frames - answers✔✔representations of data sets in R where the rows correspond to
observations and the columns correspond to variables that describe observations
Conditionals - answers✔✔testing for equality in R using == (NOT =)
, Functions/commands - answers✔✔perform tasks in R, take inputs (arguments) and return
outputs
Error - answers✔✔red, code will not run
Warning - answers✔✔red, code will work with caveats
Messages - answers✔✔not error/warning
glimpse(), view() - answers✔✔explore the data frame
kable() - answers✔✔data entry
The Grammar of Graphics - answers✔✔define a set of rules for constructing statistical graphics
by combining different types of layers
ggplot2 - answers✔✔Data Visualization
Scatterplot - answers✔✔allows for visualization of the relationship between two numerical
variables
ggplot( data: _____, Mapping= aes(x=___, y=___) + geom_point() - answers✔✔sample code for
scatterplot
geom_point(alpha 0.2) - answers✔✔adjust transparency
