1|Page
PALS PEDIATRIC EXAM NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM| COMPLETE 180 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED
A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
Define respiratory distress versus respiratory failure - ANSWER -
respiratory distress: clinical state with increased respiratory rate, effort,
and WOB
respiratory failure: is a clinical state of inadequate oxygenation,
ventilation or both
What are signs of respiratory distress? - ANSWER - tachypnea,
increased respiratory effect, tachycardia, SpO2 improves with high O2
admin, normal LOC, peripheral cyanosis
What are signs of probable respiratory failure? - ANSWER - - very
rapid/ inadequate respiratory rate/ apnea
- fatigue causing inadequate respiratory effort
- extreme tachycardia/ Brady cardia
- low O2 saturation despite O2
- peripheral/ central cyanosis
How does a pediatric patient compensate for decline? - ANSWER -
increased HR, peripheral resistance
- contractility
pg. 1
,2|Page
What is a normal heart rate for a neonate? - ANSWER - 100-205bpm
What is a normal heart rate for a infant? - ANSWER - 100-180bpm
What is a normal heart rate for a toddler - ANSWER - 98-140bpm
What is a normal heart rate for a preschooler? - ANSWER - 80-120bpm
What is a normal heart rate for a school age? - ANSWER - 75-118bpm
How do you calculate hypotension in a pediatric? - ANSWER - age x 2
+ 70 = low end of normal
What is the calculate for pulse pressure? - ANSWER - SBP - DBP = PP
What does a narrowing pulse pressure indicate? - ANSWER - pericardial
effusion/ cardiac tamponade/ progressing shock
What does a widening pulse pressure indicate? - ANSWER - increased
ICP
Why is using blood pressure/ presence of hypotension not a good
indicator of how sick a pediatric patient is? - ANSWER - Hypotension
does not emerge until there is between 20-30% blood loss. End stage
sign of fluid loss.
pg. 2
, 3|Page
What does the D in pediatric assessment ABCDE's stand for? -
ANSWER - disability - neurologic dysfunction
What is included in a Disability assessment for pediatric ABCDE's? -
ANSWER - AVPU, TICLS, seizures, neuro assessment, gait analysis,
pupils/ eyes, blood glucose
What are considered low blood sugar levels in paediatrics <2 y/o and >=
2y/o? - ANSWER - <2 y/o: <3mmol
>= 2 y/o: <4mmol
What does the E in pediatric ABCDE's stand for? - ANSWER -
Exposure
How long should we stay on scene for a pediatric cardiac arrest? why? -
ANSWER - 20-30 minutes, airway is often the cause - address ABCs
first, CPR and ventilations often are effective
What is the ratio of CPR to ventilations in infants and children? -
ANSWER - 30:2 for one rescuer, 15:2 for 2 rescuers
What are the first two steps in managing a pediatric > 24 hours old, but
<12 y/o with a pulse <60 bpm? - ANSWER - 1. ensure airway patency
and ventilate for 15-30 seconds
2. CPR if ventilation fail to produce increase in HR
pg. 3
PALS PEDIATRIC EXAM NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL
EXAM| COMPLETE 180 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS/ ALREADY GRADED
A+ (BRAND NEW!!)
Define respiratory distress versus respiratory failure - ANSWER -
respiratory distress: clinical state with increased respiratory rate, effort,
and WOB
respiratory failure: is a clinical state of inadequate oxygenation,
ventilation or both
What are signs of respiratory distress? - ANSWER - tachypnea,
increased respiratory effect, tachycardia, SpO2 improves with high O2
admin, normal LOC, peripheral cyanosis
What are signs of probable respiratory failure? - ANSWER - - very
rapid/ inadequate respiratory rate/ apnea
- fatigue causing inadequate respiratory effort
- extreme tachycardia/ Brady cardia
- low O2 saturation despite O2
- peripheral/ central cyanosis
How does a pediatric patient compensate for decline? - ANSWER -
increased HR, peripheral resistance
- contractility
pg. 1
,2|Page
What is a normal heart rate for a neonate? - ANSWER - 100-205bpm
What is a normal heart rate for a infant? - ANSWER - 100-180bpm
What is a normal heart rate for a toddler - ANSWER - 98-140bpm
What is a normal heart rate for a preschooler? - ANSWER - 80-120bpm
What is a normal heart rate for a school age? - ANSWER - 75-118bpm
How do you calculate hypotension in a pediatric? - ANSWER - age x 2
+ 70 = low end of normal
What is the calculate for pulse pressure? - ANSWER - SBP - DBP = PP
What does a narrowing pulse pressure indicate? - ANSWER - pericardial
effusion/ cardiac tamponade/ progressing shock
What does a widening pulse pressure indicate? - ANSWER - increased
ICP
Why is using blood pressure/ presence of hypotension not a good
indicator of how sick a pediatric patient is? - ANSWER - Hypotension
does not emerge until there is between 20-30% blood loss. End stage
sign of fluid loss.
pg. 2
, 3|Page
What does the D in pediatric assessment ABCDE's stand for? -
ANSWER - disability - neurologic dysfunction
What is included in a Disability assessment for pediatric ABCDE's? -
ANSWER - AVPU, TICLS, seizures, neuro assessment, gait analysis,
pupils/ eyes, blood glucose
What are considered low blood sugar levels in paediatrics <2 y/o and >=
2y/o? - ANSWER - <2 y/o: <3mmol
>= 2 y/o: <4mmol
What does the E in pediatric ABCDE's stand for? - ANSWER -
Exposure
How long should we stay on scene for a pediatric cardiac arrest? why? -
ANSWER - 20-30 minutes, airway is often the cause - address ABCs
first, CPR and ventilations often are effective
What is the ratio of CPR to ventilations in infants and children? -
ANSWER - 30:2 for one rescuer, 15:2 for 2 rescuers
What are the first two steps in managing a pediatric > 24 hours old, but
<12 y/o with a pulse <60 bpm? - ANSWER - 1. ensure airway patency
and ventilate for 15-30 seconds
2. CPR if ventilation fail to produce increase in HR
pg. 3
