ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate Test
Questions with Answers Graded A
Lesson 1: Foundations to Set the Stage -
ANSWER -
Synthesis Phase (S phase) - ANSWER --
DNA replicates
Focusing on Cellular Structure and Function -
ANSWER - -Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA
(chromatids)
The Normal Cell Cycle - ANSWER --The -which are attached a t the centromere
cell cycle refers to the ordered seres of
processes of DNA replication and mitosis, or cell -lasts 2-10 hours
division
-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by Mitotic Phase (M phase) - ANSWER --
gathering and processing complexes molecular Replicated chromosomes are aligned, separated,
information and move into 2 new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
Interphase and Mitotic Phase - ANSWER -
Cell division produces two identical cells through
these two major phases Major points of cell regulation are entry and exit
from - ANSWER --G1 checkpoint
During interphase: - ANSWER -Cell grows -S Phase
and DNA is replicated through the following three
steps: -G2 checkpoint
1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap) -M phase
2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
Restriction Point - ANSWER --The
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase) transition from the resting phase into an actively
dividing phase (G0-G1) is a point where cellular
transformation can occur
First Growth Phase (G1 or first gap) -
ANSWER --cells increase in size -During this time, cells pass through a transition
phase known as a restriction point
-reproduce RNA
-Extracellular growth factors trigger reentry into
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be G1, and GF are required to send the cells past
ready to synthesis DNA the restriction point, or the point of no return
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to
days G0 Phase (resting phase) - ANSWER --
, ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate Test
Questions with Answers Graded A
After mitosis, cells may enter back into the G1 2. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)
phase or go into a resting phase, known as G0
-Cyclin-CDK complex allows the cell to progress
-Most cells in the human body reside in G0 through each phase of the cell cycle
-Exceptions to this are those that are (Resting in Locations of proteins Cyclins (D, E, A, B) and
G0 phase) - ANSWER --Exceptions to this CDKs - ANSWER --(G0-G1) : Cyclin D and
are those that are metabollically active, such as CDK 4/6
-granulocytes -Early S: Cyclin E and CDK 1/2
-and the epithelium of the GI tract -Late S: Cyclin A and CDK 1/2
-G2: CDK 1/2 and cyclin A
Cell Cycling Time - ANSWER -Amount of
time from mitosis to mitosis -Before M: CDK 1 and Cyclin B
Cell cycle video and image - ANSWER - Inhibitory proteins - ANSWER --prevent
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/00724958 progression of the cycle when DNA damage is
55/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_the detected
_cell_cycle_works.html
-An example of an inhibitory protein is p53 (AKA
TP53)
Check points in the Cell Cycle: Keeping it All
Under Control - ANSWER --The cell cycle
is carefully controlled through a series of DNA Damage Checkpoints - ANSWER --If
checkpoints DNA damage is present, cells are programmed to
stop dividing or undergo apoptosis (programmed
-Variation in duplication or distribution of cell death)
chromosomes during cell division can alter the
genetic information passed on to daughter cells, -The retinoblastoma protein (Rb), p53, and p21
leading to cellular dysfunction and disease, such are some of the most well-understood inhibitory
as cancer proteins (IP)
-These checkpoints monitor for DNA integrity and
control progression through mitosis Inhibitory proteins p53 - ANSWER --Levels
of this IP regulate several important target genes
Progression through the cell cycle is controlled -Will increase when DNA damage is present
through two proteins: - ANSWER -1.
cyclines (D, E, A, B) -Protects against inappropriate signal
proliferation
Questions with Answers Graded A
Lesson 1: Foundations to Set the Stage -
ANSWER -
Synthesis Phase (S phase) - ANSWER --
DNA replicates
Focusing on Cellular Structure and Function -
ANSWER - -Results in the formation of identical pairs of DNA
(chromatids)
The Normal Cell Cycle - ANSWER --The -which are attached a t the centromere
cell cycle refers to the ordered seres of
processes of DNA replication and mitosis, or cell -lasts 2-10 hours
division
-Cell nucleus regulates these processes by Mitotic Phase (M phase) - ANSWER --
gathering and processing complexes molecular Replicated chromosomes are aligned, separated,
information and move into 2 new, identical daughter cells
-takes about 30-60 minutes
Interphase and Mitotic Phase - ANSWER -
Cell division produces two identical cells through
these two major phases Major points of cell regulation are entry and exit
from - ANSWER --G1 checkpoint
During interphase: - ANSWER -Cell grows -S Phase
and DNA is replicated through the following three
steps: -G2 checkpoint
1: First growth phase (G1 or first gap) -M phase
2: Synthesis phase (S phase)
Restriction Point - ANSWER --The
3:Mitotic Phse (M phase) transition from the resting phase into an actively
dividing phase (G0-G1) is a point where cellular
transformation can occur
First Growth Phase (G1 or first gap) -
ANSWER --cells increase in size -During this time, cells pass through a transition
phase known as a restriction point
-reproduce RNA
-Extracellular growth factors trigger reentry into
-"quality assurance" test that the cell will be G1, and GF are required to send the cells past
ready to synthesis DNA the restriction point, or the point of no return
-Length of time is variable, can be from hours to
days G0 Phase (resting phase) - ANSWER --
, ONS/ONCC Chemotherapy Immunotherapy Certificate Test
Questions with Answers Graded A
After mitosis, cells may enter back into the G1 2. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs)
phase or go into a resting phase, known as G0
-Cyclin-CDK complex allows the cell to progress
-Most cells in the human body reside in G0 through each phase of the cell cycle
-Exceptions to this are those that are (Resting in Locations of proteins Cyclins (D, E, A, B) and
G0 phase) - ANSWER --Exceptions to this CDKs - ANSWER --(G0-G1) : Cyclin D and
are those that are metabollically active, such as CDK 4/6
-granulocytes -Early S: Cyclin E and CDK 1/2
-and the epithelium of the GI tract -Late S: Cyclin A and CDK 1/2
-G2: CDK 1/2 and cyclin A
Cell Cycling Time - ANSWER -Amount of
time from mitosis to mitosis -Before M: CDK 1 and Cyclin B
Cell cycle video and image - ANSWER - Inhibitory proteins - ANSWER --prevent
http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/00724958 progression of the cycle when DNA damage is
55/student_view0/chapter2/animation__how_the detected
_cell_cycle_works.html
-An example of an inhibitory protein is p53 (AKA
TP53)
Check points in the Cell Cycle: Keeping it All
Under Control - ANSWER --The cell cycle
is carefully controlled through a series of DNA Damage Checkpoints - ANSWER --If
checkpoints DNA damage is present, cells are programmed to
stop dividing or undergo apoptosis (programmed
-Variation in duplication or distribution of cell death)
chromosomes during cell division can alter the
genetic information passed on to daughter cells, -The retinoblastoma protein (Rb), p53, and p21
leading to cellular dysfunction and disease, such are some of the most well-understood inhibitory
as cancer proteins (IP)
-These checkpoints monitor for DNA integrity and
control progression through mitosis Inhibitory proteins p53 - ANSWER --Levels
of this IP regulate several important target genes
Progression through the cell cycle is controlled -Will increase when DNA damage is present
through two proteins: - ANSWER -1.
cyclines (D, E, A, B) -Protects against inappropriate signal
proliferation
