WGU D312 Exam (all in one !| !| !| !| !| !|
exam – comprehensive exam !| !| !| !|
with accurate detailed !| !| !|
solutions)
olfactory transduction !|
conversion of chemical molecules in the air into neural impulses by the
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
olfactory cilia !|
local depolarization
!|
a locally generated depolarization that causes an action potential
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
adaptation
the olfactory epithelium's sensitivity to smells over time
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
odor threshold !|
lowest concentration of a certain odor compound that is perceivable by the
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
human sense of smell !| !| !|
In addition to tunicae, each eye consists of...
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
optical and neural structures.
!| !| !|
tunicae
Layers of the eye; there are 3
!| !| !| !| !| !|
What are the 3 layers constructing the wall of the eye?
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
fibrous, vascular, and neural layer !| !| !| !|
fibrous tunica !|
fibrous, outer coat !| !|
,vascular tunica !|
pigmented, vascular coat !| !|
What is the purpose of the blood and lymphatic vessels of the Choroid?
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
drain excess fluid from the posterior cavity
!| !| !| !| !| !|
ciliary arteries !|
Arterial supply to the choroid !| !| !| !|
Ciliary body !|
the anterior portion of the choroid that sits behind the Iris, forming a ring
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
around the Lens. !| !|
The Ciliary body is composed of...
!| !| !| !| !|
smooth muscle !|
Suspensory ligaments project from the ciliary body and attach it to !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
the lens !|
Functions of the Ciliary Body. !| !| !| !|
1) support the iris and lens,
!| !| !| !| !|
2) adjust curvature of the lens
!| !| !| !| !|
3) secrete aqueous humor into the posterior chamber
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
The iris contains two rings of muscles
!| !| !| !| !| !|
the pupillary constrictor muscles and the pupillary dilator muscles.
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
Function of the Iris !| !| !|
Change diameter of the aperture of the pupil
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
The lens !|
a curved structure in the eye that bends and focuses lightfor the retina to see
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
images clearly !|
,Neural Tunica !|
the innermost, neural layer.
!| !| !|
The retina is attached to...
!| !| !| !|
the optic disc and the ora serrata
!| !| !| !| !| !|
the Retina contains...
!| !|
photoreceptors and associated neurons and fibers. !| !| !| !| !|
macula lutea !|
the area of the retina that provides the clearest vision; contains only cone
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
photoreceptors
fovea centralis !|
the area of the retina where vision is most accurate.
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
optic disc or blind spot
!| !| !| !|
the point from which ganglion cells from the retina leave the back of the eye
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
to form the optic nerve; no photoreceptors
!| !| !| !| !| !|
Optic Nerve (Cranial Nerve II)
!| !| !| !|
Nerve that carries impulses for sense of sight.
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
optic chiasm !|
where optic nerves cross !| !| !|
optical structures !|
Admit and refract light and focus images
!| !| !| !| !| !|
-cornea
-pupil
-lens
-aqueous humor( anterior cavity b/w cornea + lens) !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
- vitreous humor (posterior cavity b/w lens+ retina)
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
, Aqueous humor !|
clear, watery fluid that is filtered from blood capillaries in the ciliary body
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
and is constantly secreted
!| !| !|
Function of Aqueous Humor !| !| !|
maintain intraocular pressure !| !|
drain via the scleral venous sinus, located at the junction of the cornea and
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
sclera
provide nutrients to the avascular cornea and sclera.
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
suspensory ligaments !|
hold the lens in place
!| !| !| !|
can change shape to accommodate viewing objects at closer or further
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
distances
The Lens !|
The vitreous body consists of...
!| !| !| !|
is formed during the...
!| !| !|
transparent jelly that fills the posterior cavity !| !| !| !| !| !|
development of the eye !| !| !|
It is not renewed or replaced during life
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
The vitreous body
!| !|
The posterior chamber is located between the
!| !| !| !| !| !|
the iris, lens, suspensory ligaments, and the ciliary body
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
It is filled with aqueous humor and allows light to pass through it
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
The posterior chamber
!| !|
The anterior chamber is located between the...
!| !| !| !| !| !|
and is filled with... that allows light to pass through
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
exam – comprehensive exam !| !| !| !|
with accurate detailed !| !| !|
solutions)
olfactory transduction !|
conversion of chemical molecules in the air into neural impulses by the
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
olfactory cilia !|
local depolarization
!|
a locally generated depolarization that causes an action potential
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
adaptation
the olfactory epithelium's sensitivity to smells over time
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
odor threshold !|
lowest concentration of a certain odor compound that is perceivable by the
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
human sense of smell !| !| !|
In addition to tunicae, each eye consists of...
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
optical and neural structures.
!| !| !|
tunicae
Layers of the eye; there are 3
!| !| !| !| !| !|
What are the 3 layers constructing the wall of the eye?
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
fibrous, vascular, and neural layer !| !| !| !|
fibrous tunica !|
fibrous, outer coat !| !|
,vascular tunica !|
pigmented, vascular coat !| !|
What is the purpose of the blood and lymphatic vessels of the Choroid?
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
drain excess fluid from the posterior cavity
!| !| !| !| !| !|
ciliary arteries !|
Arterial supply to the choroid !| !| !| !|
Ciliary body !|
the anterior portion of the choroid that sits behind the Iris, forming a ring
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
around the Lens. !| !|
The Ciliary body is composed of...
!| !| !| !| !|
smooth muscle !|
Suspensory ligaments project from the ciliary body and attach it to !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
the lens !|
Functions of the Ciliary Body. !| !| !| !|
1) support the iris and lens,
!| !| !| !| !|
2) adjust curvature of the lens
!| !| !| !| !|
3) secrete aqueous humor into the posterior chamber
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
The iris contains two rings of muscles
!| !| !| !| !| !|
the pupillary constrictor muscles and the pupillary dilator muscles.
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
Function of the Iris !| !| !|
Change diameter of the aperture of the pupil
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
The lens !|
a curved structure in the eye that bends and focuses lightfor the retina to see
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
images clearly !|
,Neural Tunica !|
the innermost, neural layer.
!| !| !|
The retina is attached to...
!| !| !| !|
the optic disc and the ora serrata
!| !| !| !| !| !|
the Retina contains...
!| !|
photoreceptors and associated neurons and fibers. !| !| !| !| !|
macula lutea !|
the area of the retina that provides the clearest vision; contains only cone
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
photoreceptors
fovea centralis !|
the area of the retina where vision is most accurate.
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
optic disc or blind spot
!| !| !| !|
the point from which ganglion cells from the retina leave the back of the eye
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
to form the optic nerve; no photoreceptors
!| !| !| !| !| !|
Optic Nerve (Cranial Nerve II)
!| !| !| !|
Nerve that carries impulses for sense of sight.
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
optic chiasm !|
where optic nerves cross !| !| !|
optical structures !|
Admit and refract light and focus images
!| !| !| !| !| !|
-cornea
-pupil
-lens
-aqueous humor( anterior cavity b/w cornea + lens) !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
- vitreous humor (posterior cavity b/w lens+ retina)
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
, Aqueous humor !|
clear, watery fluid that is filtered from blood capillaries in the ciliary body
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
and is constantly secreted
!| !| !|
Function of Aqueous Humor !| !| !|
maintain intraocular pressure !| !|
drain via the scleral venous sinus, located at the junction of the cornea and
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
sclera
provide nutrients to the avascular cornea and sclera.
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
suspensory ligaments !|
hold the lens in place
!| !| !| !|
can change shape to accommodate viewing objects at closer or further
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
distances
The Lens !|
The vitreous body consists of...
!| !| !| !|
is formed during the...
!| !| !|
transparent jelly that fills the posterior cavity !| !| !| !| !| !|
development of the eye !| !| !|
It is not renewed or replaced during life
!| !| !| !| !| !| !|
The vitreous body
!| !|
The posterior chamber is located between the
!| !| !| !| !| !|
the iris, lens, suspensory ligaments, and the ciliary body
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
It is filled with aqueous humor and allows light to pass through it
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
The posterior chamber
!| !|
The anterior chamber is located between the...
!| !| !| !| !| !|
and is filled with... that allows light to pass through
!| !| !| !| !| !| !| !| !|
