ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY HESI FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
GUARANTEED PASS
A 3-day old infant is noted to have a mildly elevated
unconjugated bilirubin level and icterus. Your concern is that
this child may have: a. physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice - ANSWER ->physiologic jaundice
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it
is released during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi c reticulum
d. golgi complex - ANSWER ->Lysosomes
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific
substrates in an oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
,D) oxyhydrosomes - ANSWER ->Ans: B- peroxisomes
The difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is
that eukaryotes: a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane - ANSWER ->Contain organelles
and complex internal membranes
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the
mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in ATP
production
D) potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which destroys the
infrastructure - ANSWER ->Ans: B- influx of calcium ions halts
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
Which of the following is function of Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
,c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell - ANSWER ->Packages
protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
Which statement is a description of one of the characteristics of
apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel
cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the nucleus and
the cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies - ANSWER ->Ans: A-
apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel
cells
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into
the cell because:
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water move
into the cell because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function
because of a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional
sodium across the cell membrane
, D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to maintain it
outside of the cell - ANSWER ->Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is
increased, which pulls additional sodium across the cell
membrane
Which of the following is function of the rough
endoplasmic reticulum? a. Contains hydrolytic
enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function - ANSWER ->Is the site of
protein synthesis in a cell
Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than those of
lean adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher than thos of
lean adults
D) the thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function
effectively - ANSWER ->Ans: A- adipose cells contain little
water because fat is water repelling
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
GUARANTEED PASS
A 3-day old infant is noted to have a mildly elevated
unconjugated bilirubin level and icterus. Your concern is that
this child may have: a. physiologic jaundice
b. kernicterus
c. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency
d. pathologic jaundice - ANSWER ->physiologic jaundice
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it
is released during cell injury?
a. lysosomes
b. ribosomesc. smooth endoplasmi c reticulum
d. golgi complex - ANSWER ->Lysosomes
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
by using oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific
substrates in an oxidative reaction?
A) lysosomes
B) peroxisomes
C) ribosomes
,D) oxyhydrosomes - ANSWER ->Ans: B- peroxisomes
The difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is
that eukaryotes: a. all of these answers are correct
b. are smaller in size
c. contain organelles
d. have no nuclear membrane - ANSWER ->Contain organelles
and complex internal membranes
What is a consequence of plasma membrane damage to the
mitochondria?
A) enzymatic digestion halts deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
synthese
B) influx of calcium ions halts adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
production
C) edema from an influx in sodium causes a reduction in ATP
production
D) potassium shifts out of the mitochondria, which destroys the
infrastructure - ANSWER ->Ans: B- influx of calcium ions halts
adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production
Which of the following is function of Golgi?
a. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
b. Produces ATP for cell function
,c. Contains hydrolytic enzymes
d. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell - ANSWER ->Packages
protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
Which statement is a description of one of the characteristics of
apoptosis?
A) apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel
cells
B) apoptosis is characterized by the swelling of the nucleus and
the cytoplasm
C) apoptosis involves unpredictable patterns of cell death
D) apoptosis results in benign malignancies - ANSWER ->Ans: A-
apoptosis involves programmed cell death of scattered singel
cells
During cell injury caused by hypoxia, sodium and water move into
the cell because:
A) during cell injury cause by hypoxia, sodium and water move
into the cell because:
B) the pump that transports sodium out of the cell cannot function
because of a decrease in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels
C) the osmotic pressure is increased, which pulls additional
sodium across the cell membrane
, D) oxygen is not available to bind with sodium to maintain it
outside of the cell - ANSWER ->Ans: C- the osmotic pressure is
increased, which pulls additional sodium across the cell
membrane
Which of the following is function of the rough
endoplasmic reticulum? a. Contains hydrolytic
enzymes
b. Is the site of protein synthesis in a cell
c. Packages protein for secretion to the outside of the cell
d. Produces ATP for cell function - ANSWER ->Is the site of
protein synthesis in a cell
Obesity creates a greater risk for dehydration in people because:
A) adipose cells contain little water because fat is water repelling
B) the metabolic rates of obese adults are slower than those of
lean adults
C) the rates of urine output of obese adults are higher than thos of
lean adults
D) the thirst receptors of the hypothalamus do not function
effectively - ANSWER ->Ans: A- adipose cells contain little
water because fat is water repelling
