NURS 3122 - Growth & Development questions with
accurate answers
ADHD - School Aged Ans✓✓✓ Three key features of ADHD:
hyperactivity, impulsivity , and inattention.
Most common childhood mental health disorder, and affects about 8% of
all school-age children.
Boys are affected four times as much as girls.
Identifiable causes of ADHD including: high exposures to lead, and
prenatal exposure to alcohol and tobacco. Genetics are also important
since 25 % of children with ADHD have a first degree relative with this
disorder.
Determinants of Health to consider: as family dynamics, environment,
poverty and nutrition are all contributing factors.
Variation in central nervous system processing, certain brain
characteristics indicate that a deficit in neurotransmitters dopamine and
norepinephrine reduces the threshold for self-regulation of sensory input
and information processing. Children with ADHD have lower levels of
these neurotransmitters that are needed for stimulating the brain, and
controlling impulses.
,ADHD Symptoms - School Aged Ans✓✓✓ ADHD symptoms related
to hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentiveness can range from mild to
severe.
Compromised in their ability to:
- maintain social relationships
- complete tasks and school work
- sleep disturbances.
- risk for being isolated and bullied
ADHD Treatment - School Aged Ans✓✓✓ Combines
- environmental changes (such as reducing distractions)
- behaviour
therapy (for child and family)
- pharmacotherapy
MEDICATIONS
- effect the
nervous system
- desired affect of reducing hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity
- may include stimulant and non stimulant medications
Methylphenidate (Ritalin):
- stimulant which inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine
,- enhancing catecholamine effects in the nervous system that helps to
improve attention
- short (i.e. Ritalin)
- intermediate (i.e. Ritalin SR) - long acting (i.e. Concerta)
Amphetamine salts:
- stimulant
- Dexedrine (short acting 4 - 6 hours)
- Dexedrine spansules (intermediate acting)
- Adderall-XR (long acting 10 - 12 hours)
The first non-stimulant drug for treating ADHD is atomoxetine.
- inhibits norepinephrine reuptake
- available as Strattera.
Complementary therapy may include:
- an elimination diet
- omega-3 fatty acids
- Yoga and massage may also be helpful
Adolescence Ans✓✓✓ - dramatic social changes
- growth
- sexual maturation
, - emotional changes (romantic, self consciousness, social anxieties)
- increasing academic pressures
- long-term goals and consequences
Adolescence Ans✓✓✓ 12-18 years (can continue to early 20's)
"to grow and mature"
Age Appropriate Games/ Play - Adolescence Ans✓✓✓ Video games,
music, sports, reading, care of a pet.
Anaphylactic Shock - Nursing Interventions Ans✓✓✓ NURSING
INTERVENTIONS:
1. Recognize signs and Symptoms
- remove allergen & airway (high flow oxygen and vital monitoring)
- call rapid response (start CPR until help arrives)
- trendelenburg position (increases venous return to the heart which will
help increase cardiac output and BP, unless vomiting)
- epinephrine for vasoconstriction to increase BP, reduce swelling, cause
bronchodilation to widen airway (can be repeated if needed)
- administer drugs (IV fluids to replace interstitial fluids, Albuterol neb,
antihistamines H1 or H2, corticosteroids to decrease swelling)
- stay and monitor patient (biphasic anaphylaxis, recurrence of reaction
hours later)
accurate answers
ADHD - School Aged Ans✓✓✓ Three key features of ADHD:
hyperactivity, impulsivity , and inattention.
Most common childhood mental health disorder, and affects about 8% of
all school-age children.
Boys are affected four times as much as girls.
Identifiable causes of ADHD including: high exposures to lead, and
prenatal exposure to alcohol and tobacco. Genetics are also important
since 25 % of children with ADHD have a first degree relative with this
disorder.
Determinants of Health to consider: as family dynamics, environment,
poverty and nutrition are all contributing factors.
Variation in central nervous system processing, certain brain
characteristics indicate that a deficit in neurotransmitters dopamine and
norepinephrine reduces the threshold for self-regulation of sensory input
and information processing. Children with ADHD have lower levels of
these neurotransmitters that are needed for stimulating the brain, and
controlling impulses.
,ADHD Symptoms - School Aged Ans✓✓✓ ADHD symptoms related
to hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattentiveness can range from mild to
severe.
Compromised in their ability to:
- maintain social relationships
- complete tasks and school work
- sleep disturbances.
- risk for being isolated and bullied
ADHD Treatment - School Aged Ans✓✓✓ Combines
- environmental changes (such as reducing distractions)
- behaviour
therapy (for child and family)
- pharmacotherapy
MEDICATIONS
- effect the
nervous system
- desired affect of reducing hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsivity
- may include stimulant and non stimulant medications
Methylphenidate (Ritalin):
- stimulant which inhibits the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine
,- enhancing catecholamine effects in the nervous system that helps to
improve attention
- short (i.e. Ritalin)
- intermediate (i.e. Ritalin SR) - long acting (i.e. Concerta)
Amphetamine salts:
- stimulant
- Dexedrine (short acting 4 - 6 hours)
- Dexedrine spansules (intermediate acting)
- Adderall-XR (long acting 10 - 12 hours)
The first non-stimulant drug for treating ADHD is atomoxetine.
- inhibits norepinephrine reuptake
- available as Strattera.
Complementary therapy may include:
- an elimination diet
- omega-3 fatty acids
- Yoga and massage may also be helpful
Adolescence Ans✓✓✓ - dramatic social changes
- growth
- sexual maturation
, - emotional changes (romantic, self consciousness, social anxieties)
- increasing academic pressures
- long-term goals and consequences
Adolescence Ans✓✓✓ 12-18 years (can continue to early 20's)
"to grow and mature"
Age Appropriate Games/ Play - Adolescence Ans✓✓✓ Video games,
music, sports, reading, care of a pet.
Anaphylactic Shock - Nursing Interventions Ans✓✓✓ NURSING
INTERVENTIONS:
1. Recognize signs and Symptoms
- remove allergen & airway (high flow oxygen and vital monitoring)
- call rapid response (start CPR until help arrives)
- trendelenburg position (increases venous return to the heart which will
help increase cardiac output and BP, unless vomiting)
- epinephrine for vasoconstriction to increase BP, reduce swelling, cause
bronchodilation to widen airway (can be repeated if needed)
- administer drugs (IV fluids to replace interstitial fluids, Albuterol neb,
antihistamines H1 or H2, corticosteroids to decrease swelling)
- stay and monitor patient (biphasic anaphylaxis, recurrence of reaction
hours later)
