NSG 300 Exam 2 : Foundations of Nursing |
Verified Q&A | GCU Nursing (2025)
**1. What is autolytic debridement?** ANS Uses synthetic dressings over a
wound to allow the eschar to be self-digested by the action of enzymes that
are present in wound fluids.
**2. What is the purpose of the nursing process?** ANS To diagnose and
treat human responses to actual or potential health problems.
**3. What are the signs and symptoms of wound infection?** ANS
Contaminated or traumatic wounds: 2–3 days; post-op surgical wound: 4–5
days; fever, tenderness and pain at wound site; elevated WBC count; wound
edges appear inflamed; drainage may be present: odorous and purulent
(yellow, green, or brown); dehiscence; evisceration.
**4. What is a Jackson-Pratt drain?** ANS Hollow bulb-like device used to
collect drainage; needs gentle-negative suction (squeeze before you tighten
the cap).
1
,**5. What is primary nursing?** ANS A nursing care pattern; an RN is
responsible for the person’s total care.
**6. What are nursing interventions for the prevention of pressure ulcers?**
ANS Skin care and management of incontinence, mechanical and support
devices, education, reposition patient every 2 hours, apply barrier cream.
**7. What is the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)?** ANS A nutritional
assessment designed for patients ages 65 and older; 12–14 pts: normal
nutritional status; 8–11 pts: at risk for malnutrition; >7 pts: indicates
malnutrition.
**8. What is a serous wound exudate?** ANS Clear, watery plasma.
**9. What are the effects of wound infection?** ANS Prolongs the
inflammatory phase, delays collagen synthesis, prevents epithelialization, and
causes tissue destruction.
**10. What is the normal range for potassium?** ANS 3.5–5 mEq/L;
hypokalemia (decreased K); hyperkalemia (increased K).
2
,**11. What is chemical debridement?** ANS May use topical enzymes to
induce changes in the substrate resulting in the breakdown of necrotic tissue
(Dakin’s solution).
**12. What is surgical debridement?** ANS Removal of devitalized tissue by
using a scalpel, scissors, or other sharp instrument.
**13. When is nutritional assessment recommended and by whom?** ANS
Within 24 hours of admission by TJC.
**14. What type of wounds should you allow to bleed?** ANS A puncture
wound to remove dirt and other contaminants.
**15. According to the WOCN, what is the preferred cleaning agent?** ANS
Normal saline.
**16. What is intermittent suturing?** ANS The surgeon ties each individual
suture made in the skin.
**17. What is continuous suturing?** ANS A series of stitches taken with one
strand of material and tied at each end.
3
, **18. What is an indication that a postoperative wound is infected?** ANS It
shows purulent drainage coming from the incision site.
**19. What are heat loss mechanisms?** ANS Sweating and vasodilation.
**20. What are heat conservation/production mechanisms?** ANS
Vasoconstriction and shivering.
**21. What is the initial effect of heat on an injury?** ANS Improves blood
flow to the injury.
**22. What is the initial effect of cold on an injury?** ANS Decreases the
pain and inflammation (long exposure: reflex vasodilation).
**23. What factors should be considered before selecting a dry or moist
application?** ANS Type of wound/injury, location of body part, presence of
drainage/inflammation.
**24. What are warm, moist compresses used for?** ANS Improve
circulation, relieve edema, and promote consolidation of purulent drainage.
4
Verified Q&A | GCU Nursing (2025)
**1. What is autolytic debridement?** ANS Uses synthetic dressings over a
wound to allow the eschar to be self-digested by the action of enzymes that
are present in wound fluids.
**2. What is the purpose of the nursing process?** ANS To diagnose and
treat human responses to actual or potential health problems.
**3. What are the signs and symptoms of wound infection?** ANS
Contaminated or traumatic wounds: 2–3 days; post-op surgical wound: 4–5
days; fever, tenderness and pain at wound site; elevated WBC count; wound
edges appear inflamed; drainage may be present: odorous and purulent
(yellow, green, or brown); dehiscence; evisceration.
**4. What is a Jackson-Pratt drain?** ANS Hollow bulb-like device used to
collect drainage; needs gentle-negative suction (squeeze before you tighten
the cap).
1
,**5. What is primary nursing?** ANS A nursing care pattern; an RN is
responsible for the person’s total care.
**6. What are nursing interventions for the prevention of pressure ulcers?**
ANS Skin care and management of incontinence, mechanical and support
devices, education, reposition patient every 2 hours, apply barrier cream.
**7. What is the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA)?** ANS A nutritional
assessment designed for patients ages 65 and older; 12–14 pts: normal
nutritional status; 8–11 pts: at risk for malnutrition; >7 pts: indicates
malnutrition.
**8. What is a serous wound exudate?** ANS Clear, watery plasma.
**9. What are the effects of wound infection?** ANS Prolongs the
inflammatory phase, delays collagen synthesis, prevents epithelialization, and
causes tissue destruction.
**10. What is the normal range for potassium?** ANS 3.5–5 mEq/L;
hypokalemia (decreased K); hyperkalemia (increased K).
2
,**11. What is chemical debridement?** ANS May use topical enzymes to
induce changes in the substrate resulting in the breakdown of necrotic tissue
(Dakin’s solution).
**12. What is surgical debridement?** ANS Removal of devitalized tissue by
using a scalpel, scissors, or other sharp instrument.
**13. When is nutritional assessment recommended and by whom?** ANS
Within 24 hours of admission by TJC.
**14. What type of wounds should you allow to bleed?** ANS A puncture
wound to remove dirt and other contaminants.
**15. According to the WOCN, what is the preferred cleaning agent?** ANS
Normal saline.
**16. What is intermittent suturing?** ANS The surgeon ties each individual
suture made in the skin.
**17. What is continuous suturing?** ANS A series of stitches taken with one
strand of material and tied at each end.
3
, **18. What is an indication that a postoperative wound is infected?** ANS It
shows purulent drainage coming from the incision site.
**19. What are heat loss mechanisms?** ANS Sweating and vasodilation.
**20. What are heat conservation/production mechanisms?** ANS
Vasoconstriction and shivering.
**21. What is the initial effect of heat on an injury?** ANS Improves blood
flow to the injury.
**22. What is the initial effect of cold on an injury?** ANS Decreases the
pain and inflammation (long exposure: reflex vasodilation).
**23. What factors should be considered before selecting a dry or moist
application?** ANS Type of wound/injury, location of body part, presence of
drainage/inflammation.
**24. What are warm, moist compresses used for?** ANS Improve
circulation, relieve edema, and promote consolidation of purulent drainage.
4
