CLIENT CENTERED CARE EXAM 2 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GI Tract is made up of what - ANS The mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large
intestines, rectum, and anus.
Accessory organs of the GI - ANS The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
Functions of the upper GI - ANS Chewing, swallowing, and breaking down food particles.
Risk factors for oral cancer - ANS Cigarette smoking, tobacco use, pipe smoking, excessive
alcohol use, infection with HPV, and genetic predisposition
Signs and symptoms of oral cancer - ANS Lesions on the tongue or mucosa, sores or
discoloration of the lips or mouth that don't heal
treatment of oral cancer - ANS radiation, chemotherapy, surgery that may require the
creation of a tracheostomy
Nursing care of a patient with oral cancer - ANS Involves monitoring respiratory status,
nutritional support, and comfort measures
Esophageal cancer/ gastric cancer risk factors - ANS Smoking, excessive alcohol use
cause of esophageal cancer - ANS Barrett esophagus
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, Barrett esophagus - ANS Precancerous condition due to longstanding GERD, the constant
irritation of the esophagus by stomach fluids can cause cells to become malignant.
Signs and symptoms of esophageal cancer - ANS dysphagia, hoarseness, persistent cough,
halitosis, regurgitation of foods, and weight loss.
Treatment of esophageal cancer - ANS Endoscopic therapies and surgeries. Esophagectomy
is less commonly done due to complication rate
respiratory acidosis - ANS A drop in blood pH due to hypoventilation (too little breathing)
and a resulting accumulation of Co2.
respiratory alkalosis - ANS Arise in blood pH due to hyperventilation (excessive breathing)
and a resulting decrease in CO2.
metabolic acidosis - ANS decreased pH in blood and body tissues as a result of an upset in
metabolism
metabolic alkalosis - ANS elevation of HCO3- usually caused by an excessive loss of metabolic
acids
respiratory acidosis - ANS Causes: shallow, slow respirations-> HYPOventilation; respiratory
congestion or obstruction.
Can be due to COPD, severe pneumonia, or excessive sedation; respiratory muscle weakness.
Signs and symptoms of respiratory acidosis - ANS Hypoventilation, dyspnea, anxiety, and
confusion
2 Copyright ©2025 SIRJOEL ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
GI Tract is made up of what - ANS The mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large
intestines, rectum, and anus.
Accessory organs of the GI - ANS The liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
Functions of the upper GI - ANS Chewing, swallowing, and breaking down food particles.
Risk factors for oral cancer - ANS Cigarette smoking, tobacco use, pipe smoking, excessive
alcohol use, infection with HPV, and genetic predisposition
Signs and symptoms of oral cancer - ANS Lesions on the tongue or mucosa, sores or
discoloration of the lips or mouth that don't heal
treatment of oral cancer - ANS radiation, chemotherapy, surgery that may require the
creation of a tracheostomy
Nursing care of a patient with oral cancer - ANS Involves monitoring respiratory status,
nutritional support, and comfort measures
Esophageal cancer/ gastric cancer risk factors - ANS Smoking, excessive alcohol use
cause of esophageal cancer - ANS Barrett esophagus
1 Copyright ©2025 SIRJOEL ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, Barrett esophagus - ANS Precancerous condition due to longstanding GERD, the constant
irritation of the esophagus by stomach fluids can cause cells to become malignant.
Signs and symptoms of esophageal cancer - ANS dysphagia, hoarseness, persistent cough,
halitosis, regurgitation of foods, and weight loss.
Treatment of esophageal cancer - ANS Endoscopic therapies and surgeries. Esophagectomy
is less commonly done due to complication rate
respiratory acidosis - ANS A drop in blood pH due to hypoventilation (too little breathing)
and a resulting accumulation of Co2.
respiratory alkalosis - ANS Arise in blood pH due to hyperventilation (excessive breathing)
and a resulting decrease in CO2.
metabolic acidosis - ANS decreased pH in blood and body tissues as a result of an upset in
metabolism
metabolic alkalosis - ANS elevation of HCO3- usually caused by an excessive loss of metabolic
acids
respiratory acidosis - ANS Causes: shallow, slow respirations-> HYPOventilation; respiratory
congestion or obstruction.
Can be due to COPD, severe pneumonia, or excessive sedation; respiratory muscle weakness.
Signs and symptoms of respiratory acidosis - ANS Hypoventilation, dyspnea, anxiety, and
confusion
2 Copyright ©2025 SIRJOEL ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
