NUR 3123
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
MIDTERM EXAM
2025
Metaplastic cells are not better prepared to survive under stressful circumstances.
True
Correct!
False
Question 2
2..5 pts
True/False:
Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions.
Correct!
True
False
Question 3
2..5 pts
Multiple Choice
Which are true of the mitochondria? Select all that apply.
,Correct!
It is involved in cellular respiration
They are found far from the site of energy consumption
Correct!
They play a role in apoptosis
They control free radicals
Question 4
2..5 pts
Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply.
Correct!
Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to within
The main structural component is made of proteins
Correct!
Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
Correct!
Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
Question 5
pts
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis.
Your Answer:
Dry gangrene occurs when blood supply is slowly reduced to an area. The area is dehydrated and
becomes dark or black in color. Commonly seen in patients with diabetes. It is not very painful,
but tissues eventually die.
Wet gangrene is casued with a sudden reduction in blood flow. The area is cold and swollen, with
no pulse. This can occur from trauma. Bacteria is involved and is very painful. It has the
appearance of pus, becasue it looks wet. There is also a foul smell.
In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks, the skin wrinkles, and its
color changes to dark brown or black. The spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a
cut off in arterial blood supply and is a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the
,affected area is cold, swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist, black, and under tension.
Blebs form on the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by bacterial
action. The spread of tissue damage is rapid.
Question 6
2..5 pts
True/False:
Cell proliferation is the process in which proliferating cells become more specialized cell types.
True
Correct!
False
False, cell differentiation
Question 7
2..5 pts
True/False:
Cell differentiation is the process of increasing cell numbers by mitotic cell division.
True
Correct!
False
False, cell proliferation
Question 8
2..5 pts
What are two important properties that stem cells possess?
Your Answer:
Stem cells possess potency and self-renewal.
Potency and self-renewal
Question 9
2..5 pts
, These are cells of the same lineage that have not yet differentiated to the extent that they have
lost their ability to divide:
Your Answer:
progenitor or parent cells
progenitor or parent cells
Question 10
pts
1. is a systemic treatment that enables drugs to reach the site of the tumor as well as
other distant sites.
2. The profound weight loss and wasting of fat and tissue that accompany cancer is known as
.
Your Answer:
1. chemotherapy
2. cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome
1. chemotherapy
2. cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome
Question 11
pts
Short answer
Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders.
Your Answer:
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
MIDTERM EXAM
2025
Metaplastic cells are not better prepared to survive under stressful circumstances.
True
Correct!
False
Question 2
2..5 pts
True/False:
Hypertrophy can occur under normal and pathological conditions.
Correct!
True
False
Question 3
2..5 pts
Multiple Choice
Which are true of the mitochondria? Select all that apply.
,Correct!
It is involved in cellular respiration
They are found far from the site of energy consumption
Correct!
They play a role in apoptosis
They control free radicals
Question 4
2..5 pts
Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply.
Correct!
Controls the transport of materials from the outside fluids to within
The main structural component is made of proteins
Correct!
Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
Correct!
Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
Question 5
pts
Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis.
Your Answer:
Dry gangrene occurs when blood supply is slowly reduced to an area. The area is dehydrated and
becomes dark or black in color. Commonly seen in patients with diabetes. It is not very painful,
but tissues eventually die.
Wet gangrene is casued with a sudden reduction in blood flow. The area is cold and swollen, with
no pulse. This can occur from trauma. Bacteria is involved and is very painful. It has the
appearance of pus, becasue it looks wet. There is also a foul smell.
In dry gangrene the affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks, the skin wrinkles, and its
color changes to dark brown or black. The spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a
cut off in arterial blood supply and is a form of coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the
,affected area is cold, swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist, black, and under tension.
Blebs form on the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by bacterial
action. The spread of tissue damage is rapid.
Question 6
2..5 pts
True/False:
Cell proliferation is the process in which proliferating cells become more specialized cell types.
True
Correct!
False
False, cell differentiation
Question 7
2..5 pts
True/False:
Cell differentiation is the process of increasing cell numbers by mitotic cell division.
True
Correct!
False
False, cell proliferation
Question 8
2..5 pts
What are two important properties that stem cells possess?
Your Answer:
Stem cells possess potency and self-renewal.
Potency and self-renewal
Question 9
2..5 pts
, These are cells of the same lineage that have not yet differentiated to the extent that they have
lost their ability to divide:
Your Answer:
progenitor or parent cells
progenitor or parent cells
Question 10
pts
1. is a systemic treatment that enables drugs to reach the site of the tumor as well as
other distant sites.
2. The profound weight loss and wasting of fat and tissue that accompany cancer is known as
.
Your Answer:
1. chemotherapy
2. cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome
1. chemotherapy
2. cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome
Question 11
pts
Short answer
Explain the challenges of diagnosing autoimmune disorders.
Your Answer:
