AQA gcse pe A01 definitions
Ability - ANS-Inherited, stable traits that determine an individual's potential to learn or acquire a
skill.
Adaptability - ANS-The potential to change with ease
Abduction - ANS-Movement away from the midline of the body.
Adduction - ANS-Movement towards the midline of the body
Adrenaline - ANS-Natural hormone released to speed heart rate up
Aerobic - ANS-Exercise in the presence of or using oxygen
Aerobic training zone - ANS-The aerobic training zone allows the aerobic system to be trained.
To define aerobic training zone: 1. Calculate maximum heart rate (220 bpm) minus age:
220-age. 2. Work at 60-80% of maximum heart rate
Aggression - ANS-A deliberate intent to harm or injure another person, which can be physical or
mental (see direct and indirect aggression).
Agility - ANS-The ability to move and change direction quickly whilst maintaining control
Agonist - ANS-Muscle or group responsible for the movement.
Altitude - ANS-A geographical area (of land) which is over 2,000 m above sea level.
Altitude trai - ANS-Training at altitude where there is less oxygen. The body adapts by making
more red blood cells to carry oxygen. The additional oxygen carrying red blood cells is an
advantage for endurance athletes returning to sea level to compete.
Altitude sickness - ANS-Nausea caused by training at altitude.
Alveoli - ANS-Air sacs in the lungs.
Amateur - ANS-This term defines someone who: takes part in an activity as a hobby, rather than
for financial gain
has another main job outside of sport
takes part for fun , could be at a lower level.
, Anabolic steroids - ANS-Artificially produced male hormones mimicking testosterone. They
promote muscle and bone growth and reduce recovery time. Often used by power athletes, eg
sprinters.
Anearobic - ANS-Working in the absence of enough or without oxygen
Antagonist - ANS-Acts to produce the opposite action to the agonist. They work in antagonistic
pairs.
Arousal - ANS-A physical and mental (physiological and psychological) state of
alertness/readiness, varying from deep sleep to intense excitement/alertness.
Articulating bones - ANS-Where two or more bones meet to allow movement at a joint
Artery - ANS-Blood vessel with small lumen and thick muscular walls. Carries blood away from
the heart.
Axis - ANS-Imaginary line through the body around which it rotates.
Types of axis: •
longitudinal (or vertical) - head to toe
transverse - through the hips
sagittal - through the belly button
Backflow - ANS-The flowing backwards of blood. Valves in the veins prevent this from
happening.
Balance - ANS-The maintenance of the centre of mass over the base of support. Reference can
be made to whilst static (still) or dynamic (whilst moving).
Balanced diet - ANS-It is defined as eating: • the right amount (of calories) for energy expended
• according to how much you exercise • different food types to provide suitable nutrients,
vitamins and minerals.
Beta blockers - ANS-Drugs that are used to steady nerves by controlling heart rate. They have a
calming and relaxing effect.
Blood doping - ANS-A technique to increase the amount of red blood cells in the body. This
involves red blood cells being: • removed • frozen and stored • thawed and reinjected (after the
body has replenished the lost red blood cells)
Blood pressure - ANS-The pressure that blood is under. Types of pressure: • systolic - when the
heart is contracting • diastolic - when the heart is relaxed.
Ability - ANS-Inherited, stable traits that determine an individual's potential to learn or acquire a
skill.
Adaptability - ANS-The potential to change with ease
Abduction - ANS-Movement away from the midline of the body.
Adduction - ANS-Movement towards the midline of the body
Adrenaline - ANS-Natural hormone released to speed heart rate up
Aerobic - ANS-Exercise in the presence of or using oxygen
Aerobic training zone - ANS-The aerobic training zone allows the aerobic system to be trained.
To define aerobic training zone: 1. Calculate maximum heart rate (220 bpm) minus age:
220-age. 2. Work at 60-80% of maximum heart rate
Aggression - ANS-A deliberate intent to harm or injure another person, which can be physical or
mental (see direct and indirect aggression).
Agility - ANS-The ability to move and change direction quickly whilst maintaining control
Agonist - ANS-Muscle or group responsible for the movement.
Altitude - ANS-A geographical area (of land) which is over 2,000 m above sea level.
Altitude trai - ANS-Training at altitude where there is less oxygen. The body adapts by making
more red blood cells to carry oxygen. The additional oxygen carrying red blood cells is an
advantage for endurance athletes returning to sea level to compete.
Altitude sickness - ANS-Nausea caused by training at altitude.
Alveoli - ANS-Air sacs in the lungs.
Amateur - ANS-This term defines someone who: takes part in an activity as a hobby, rather than
for financial gain
has another main job outside of sport
takes part for fun , could be at a lower level.
, Anabolic steroids - ANS-Artificially produced male hormones mimicking testosterone. They
promote muscle and bone growth and reduce recovery time. Often used by power athletes, eg
sprinters.
Anearobic - ANS-Working in the absence of enough or without oxygen
Antagonist - ANS-Acts to produce the opposite action to the agonist. They work in antagonistic
pairs.
Arousal - ANS-A physical and mental (physiological and psychological) state of
alertness/readiness, varying from deep sleep to intense excitement/alertness.
Articulating bones - ANS-Where two or more bones meet to allow movement at a joint
Artery - ANS-Blood vessel with small lumen and thick muscular walls. Carries blood away from
the heart.
Axis - ANS-Imaginary line through the body around which it rotates.
Types of axis: •
longitudinal (or vertical) - head to toe
transverse - through the hips
sagittal - through the belly button
Backflow - ANS-The flowing backwards of blood. Valves in the veins prevent this from
happening.
Balance - ANS-The maintenance of the centre of mass over the base of support. Reference can
be made to whilst static (still) or dynamic (whilst moving).
Balanced diet - ANS-It is defined as eating: • the right amount (of calories) for energy expended
• according to how much you exercise • different food types to provide suitable nutrients,
vitamins and minerals.
Beta blockers - ANS-Drugs that are used to steady nerves by controlling heart rate. They have a
calming and relaxing effect.
Blood doping - ANS-A technique to increase the amount of red blood cells in the body. This
involves red blood cells being: • removed • frozen and stored • thawed and reinjected (after the
body has replenished the lost red blood cells)
Blood pressure - ANS-The pressure that blood is under. Types of pressure: • systolic - when the
heart is contracting • diastolic - when the heart is relaxed.
