1b AQA GCSE Biology - SYSTEMS &
HEALTH
Lungs - ANS-Organs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out. A
tube going into them called the trachea, the trachea splits into two bronchus which split into
many bronchioles which end in tiny air sacs called alveoli
Gaseous Exchange - ANS-the process where oxygen passes into the blood and carbon dioxide
passes out. This happens in the tiny sacs called alveoli inside the lungs.
Double Circulatory System - ANS-where the blood travels in two circuits, one to the lungs and
one to the body. It allows animals to be larger as they can get the blood around the body under
high pressure and also to the lungs under lower pressure.
Right Ventricle - ANS-a chamber in the heart on the bottom right hand side. It pumps blood to
the lungs.
Left Ventricle - ANS-a chamber in the heart on the bottom left hand side. It pumps blood to the
whole body and has a very thick wall.
Arteries - ANS-strong tubes in the body with elastic thick walls which carry blood away from the
heart under high pressure.
Veins - ANS-tubes in the body which carry blood to the heart under low pressure. They contain
valves which stop the blood flowing backwards.
Valves - ANS-structures in veins and also in the heart which stop blood from flowing backwards.
They are like doors which only open one way.
Capillaries - ANS-tiny vessels all over your body which have very very thin walls which let
substances in and out of the blood.
Aorta - ANS-the largest vessel coming out of the heart which takes blood to the whole body. It
comes out of the left ventricle and carries blood under very high pressure.
Vena Cava - ANS-a vein taking blood to the heart from the body. It takes blood into the right
hand side of the heart.
Pulmonary Artery - ANS-a vessel carrying blood away from the heart to the lungs. It take blood
from the right ventricle to the lungs.
HEALTH
Lungs - ANS-Organs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out. A
tube going into them called the trachea, the trachea splits into two bronchus which split into
many bronchioles which end in tiny air sacs called alveoli
Gaseous Exchange - ANS-the process where oxygen passes into the blood and carbon dioxide
passes out. This happens in the tiny sacs called alveoli inside the lungs.
Double Circulatory System - ANS-where the blood travels in two circuits, one to the lungs and
one to the body. It allows animals to be larger as they can get the blood around the body under
high pressure and also to the lungs under lower pressure.
Right Ventricle - ANS-a chamber in the heart on the bottom right hand side. It pumps blood to
the lungs.
Left Ventricle - ANS-a chamber in the heart on the bottom left hand side. It pumps blood to the
whole body and has a very thick wall.
Arteries - ANS-strong tubes in the body with elastic thick walls which carry blood away from the
heart under high pressure.
Veins - ANS-tubes in the body which carry blood to the heart under low pressure. They contain
valves which stop the blood flowing backwards.
Valves - ANS-structures in veins and also in the heart which stop blood from flowing backwards.
They are like doors which only open one way.
Capillaries - ANS-tiny vessels all over your body which have very very thin walls which let
substances in and out of the blood.
Aorta - ANS-the largest vessel coming out of the heart which takes blood to the whole body. It
comes out of the left ventricle and carries blood under very high pressure.
Vena Cava - ANS-a vein taking blood to the heart from the body. It takes blood into the right
hand side of the heart.
Pulmonary Artery - ANS-a vessel carrying blood away from the heart to the lungs. It take blood
from the right ventricle to the lungs.
