ADDRESSED PHARMACOLOGY TEST BANK n n n
TEST
n n n
The nnurse nhas nbeen ncaring nfor na npatient nwho nhas nbeen ntaking nantibiotics nfor n3 nweeks. nUpon
nassessing nthe npatient, nthe nnurse nnotices nthe nindividual nhas ndeveloped noral nthrush. nWhat ndescribes
nthe netiology nof nthe nthrush? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Superinfection n
n
The nnurse nis ncaring nfor na npatient non na nmedical-surgical nunit nwho nhas na nfever nof nunknown norigin.
nThe nprescriber nhas nordered na nbroad-spectrum nantibiotic. nWhich nintervention nis nthe npriority? n-
nCORRECT nANSWER-Obtaining nall ncultures nbefore nthe nantibiotic nis nadministered n
n
The nnurse nis nteaching na nnursing nstudent nabout nthe nmechanism nby nwhich nantimicrobial nagents
nachieve nselective ntoxicity. nWhich nstatement nby nthe nstudent nindicates na nneed nfor nfurther nteaching?
n- nCORRECT nANSWER-"Some nagents ncause nphagocytosis nof nbacterial ncells." n
n
A nchild nhas nreceived namoxicillin n[Amoxil] nfor nthree nprevious near ninfections, nbut na ncurrent notitis
nmedia nepisode nis nnot nresponding nto ntreatment. nThe nnurse ncaring nfor nthis nchild nsuspects nthat
nresistance nto nthe nbacterial nagent nhas noccurred nby nwhich nmicrobial nmechanism? n- nCORRECT
nANSWER-Drug ninactivation n
n
A nnursing nstudent nasks na nnurse nto nclarify nthe ndifferences nbetween nthe nmechanisms nof nspontaneous
nmutation nand nconjugation nin nacquired nresistance nof nmicrobes. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse nsay? n-
nCORRECT nANSWER-Spontaneous nmutation nleads nto nresistance nto nonly none nantimicrobial nagent. n
n
A npatient nhas na nviral nsinus ninfection, nand nthe nprovider ntells nthe npatient nthat nantibiotics nwill nnot nbe
nprescribed. nThe npatient nwants nto ntake nan nantibiotic nand nasks nthe nnurse nwhat npossible nharm ncould
noccur nby ntaking nan nantibiotic. nWhich nresponse nby nthe nnurse nis ncorrect? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-"Even
nnormal nflora ncan ndevelop nresistance nand ntransfer nthis nto npathogens." n
n
A nrecent ncampaign, ninitiated nby nthe nCenters nfor nDisease nControl n(CDC), nto ndelay nthe nemergence nof
nantibiotic nresistance nin nhospitals, nhas nwhat nas none nof nits nobjectives? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-
Increased nadherence nto nprescribed nantibiotics n
n
A npatient nhas na nlocalized nskin ninfection, nwhich nis nmost nlikely ncaused nby na ngram-positive ncocci. nUntil
nthe nculture nand nsensitivity nresults nare navailable, nthe nnurse nwill nexpect nthe nprovider nto norder na
n____-spectrum n____ nagent. n- nCORRECT nANSWER-narrow; ntopical n
,n
A nparent nasks na nnurse nif nthe nprovider nwill nprescribe nan nantibiotic nfor na nchild nwho nattends nschool
nwith nseveral nchildren nwho nhave nstrep nthroat. nThe nchild nis ncomplaining nof na nsore nthroat nand nhas na
nfever. nWhat nwill nbe nthe nnurse's nresponse n- nCORRECT nANSWER-"Your nchild nshould ncome nto nthe
nclinic nto nhave na nthroat nculture ndone ntoday." n
n
n nolder nadult npatient nwith nchronic nobstructive npulmonary ndisease n(COPD) ndevelops nbronchitis. nThe
npatient nhas na ntemperature nof n39.5°C. nThe nnurse nwill nexpect nthe nprovider nto: n- nCORRECT nANSWER-
order nempiric nantibiotics nwhile nwaiting nfor nsputum nculture nresults. n
n
Which npatients nshould nbe ngiven nantibiotics nprophylactically? n(Select nall nthat napply.) n- nCORRECT
nANSWER-
Patients nwith ncertain ncongenital nheart ndefects nat nrisk nfor nbacterial nendocarditis
Patients nwith ncompound nfractures nundergoing nsurgical nrepair n
n
n
Which nare nbenefits nof nusing na ncombination nof ntwo nor nmore nantibiotics? n(Select nall nthat napply.) n-
nCORRECT n
ANSWER-Reduced ntoxicity n
Reduced nresistance n
Reduced nrisk nin nsevere ninfection n
n
The nnurse nis nteaching na npharmacology nrefresher ncourse nto na ngroup nof nnurses. nA nstudent nasks nwhat
nhost nfactors naffect nthe nchoice nof nagents nin nantimicrobial ntherapy. nThe nnurse nwill ntell nthe nstudents
nthat nsuch nhost nfactors ninclude nwhat? n(Select nall nthat napply.) n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Age n
Immune nsystem nstatus n
Infection nsite n
n
A nnurse ntranscribes na nnew nprescription nfor npotassium npenicillin nG ngiven nintravenously n(IV) nevery n8
nhours nand ngentamicin ngiven nIV nevery n12 nhours. nWhich nis nthe nbest nschedule nfor nadministering
nthese ndrugs? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Give nthe npenicillin nat n0800, n1600, nand n2400; ngive nthe
ngentamicin n[Garamycin] nat n1800 nand n0600. n
n
,A nnurse nassisting na nnursing nstudent nwith nmedications nasks nthe nstudent nto ndescribe nhow npenicillins
n(PCNs) nwork nto ntreat nbacterial ninfections. nThe nstudent nis ncorrect nin nresponding nthat npenicillins: n-
nCORRECT nANSWER-disrupt nbacterial ncell nwall nsynthesis. n
n
A nchild nwith notitis nmedia nhas nhad nthree near ninfections nin nthe npast nyear. nThe nchild nhas njust
ncompleted na n10day ncourse nof namoxicillin n[Amoxil] nwith nno nimprovement. nThe nparent nasks nthe
nnurse nwhy nthis ndrug nis nnot nworking, nbecause nit nhas nworked nin nthe npast. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse ntell
nthe npatient? n- nCORRECT nANSWER"The nbacteria nhave nsynthesized npenicillinase." n
n
A nchild nwith nan near ninfection nis nnot nresponding nto ntreatment nwith namoxicillin n[Amoxil]. nThe nnurse
nwill nexpect nthe nprovider nto norder: n- nCORRECT nANSWER-amoxicillin-clavulanic nacid n[Augmentin]. n
n
A npatient nis nreceiving nintravenous npotassium npenicillin nG, n2 nmillion nunits nto nbe nadministered nover
n1 nhour. nAt n1900, nthe nnurse nnotes nthat nthe ndose nhung nat n1830 nhas ninfused ncompletely. nWhat nwill
nthe nnurse ndo? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Request nan norder nfor nserum nelectrolytes nand ncardiac
nmonitoring. n
n
A npatient nis nabout nto nreceive npenicillin nG nfor nan ninfection nthat nis nhighly nsensitive nto nthis ndrug.
nWhile nobtaining nthe npatient's nmedication nhistory, nthe nnurse nlearns nthat nthe npatient nexperienced na
nrash nwhen ngiven namoxicillin n[Amoxil] nas na nchild n20 nyears nearlier. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse ndo? n-
nCORRECT nANSWERRequest nan norder nfor na nskin ntest nto nassess nthe ncurrent nrisk. n
n
A npatient nwith nno nknown ndrug nallergies nis nreceiving namoxicillin n[Amoxil] nPO ntwice ndaily. nTwenty
nminutes nafter nbeing ngiven na ndose, nthe npatient ncomplains nof nshortness nof nbreath. nThe npatient's
nblood npressure nis n100/58 nmm nHg. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse ndo? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Contact nthe
nprovider nand nprepare nto nadminister nepinephrine n
n
A npatient nhas nan ninfection ncaused nby nStreptococcus npyogenes. nThe nprescriber nhas nordered
ndicloxacillin nPO. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse ndo? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Question nthe nneed nfor na
npenicillinase-resistant npenicillin. n
n
The nparent nof nan ninfant nwith notitis nmedia nasks nthe nnurse nwhy nthe nprescriber nhas nordered
namoxicillin n[Amoxil] nand nnot nampicillin n[Unasyn]. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse ntell nthe nparent? n- nCORRECT
nANSWER-Ampicillin nis nnot nas nacid nstable nas namoxicillin. n
n
A npatient nwith nan ninfection ncaused nby nPseudomonas naeruginosa nis nbeing ntreated nwith npiperacillin.
nThe nnurse nproviding ncare nreviews nthe npatient's nlaboratory nreports nand nnotes nthat nthe npatient's
, blood nurea nnitrogen nand nserum ncreatinine nlevels nare nelevated. nThe nnurse nwill ncontact nthe nprovider
n
to ndiscuss: n- nCORRECT nANSWER-reducing nthe ndose nof npiperacillin. n
n
n
A nnurse nis ndiscussing nmethicillin-resistant nStaphylococcus naureus n(MRSA) nwith na ngroup nof nnursing
nstudents. nWhich nstatement nby na nstudent ncorrectly nidentifies nthe nbasis nfor nMRSA nresistance? n-
nCORRECT n
ANSWER-"MRSA nbacteria nhave ndeveloped nPBPs nwith na nlow naffinity nfor npenicillins." n
n
A nnurse nis npreparing nto nadminister nintramuscular npenicillin nto na npatient nwho nis ninfected nwith nT.
npallidum nand nnotes nthat nthe norder nis nfor nsodium npenicillin nG. nWhich naction nis ncorrect? n- nCORRECT
nANSWER-Contact nthe nprovider nto ndiscuss nchanging nthe ndrug nto nbenzathine npenicillin nG. n
n
Which norganisms ncan nbe ntreated nwith npenicillin nG n(Benzylpenicillin)? n(Select nall nthat napply.) n-
nCORRECT n
ANSWER-Neisseria nmeningitidis n
Streptococcus npyogenes n
Treponema npallidum n
n
A nnursing nstudent nwants nto nknow nthe ndifferences nbetween nhospital-associated nmethicillin-resistant
nStaphylococcus naureus n(HA-MRSA) nand ncommunity-associated nmethicillin-resistant nStaphylococcus
naureus n(CA-MRSA). nWhich nstatements nabout nCA-MRSA nare ntrue? n(Select nall nthat napply.) n- nCORRECT
nANSWER-20% nto n30% nof nthe ngeneral npopulation nare ncolonized nwith nCA-MRSA. n
Boils ncaused nby nCA-MRSA ncan nbe ntreated nwithout nantibiotics. n
CA-MRSA nis nless ndangerous nthan nHA-MRSA. n
n
A npatient nwho nis nreceiving na nfinal ndose nof nintravenous n(IV) ncephalosporin nbegins nto ncomplain nof
npain nand nirritation nat nthe ninfusion nsite. nThe nnurse nobserves nsigns nof nredness nat nthe nIV ninsertion
nsite nand nalong nthe nvein. nWhat nis nthe nnurse's npriority naction? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Select nan
nalternate nintravenous nsite nand nadminister nthe ninfusion nmore nslowly. n
n
Which ncephalosporin nmay nbe nused nto ntreat nmeningitis? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Cefotaxime n
n
A nwoman ncomplains nof nburning non nurination nand nincreased nfrequency. nThe npatient nhas na nhistory
nof nfrequent nurinary ntract ninfections n(UTIs) nand nis ngoing nout nof ntown nin n2 ndays. nTo ntreat nthe
TEST
n n n
The nnurse nhas nbeen ncaring nfor na npatient nwho nhas nbeen ntaking nantibiotics nfor n3 nweeks. nUpon
nassessing nthe npatient, nthe nnurse nnotices nthe nindividual nhas ndeveloped noral nthrush. nWhat ndescribes
nthe netiology nof nthe nthrush? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Superinfection n
n
The nnurse nis ncaring nfor na npatient non na nmedical-surgical nunit nwho nhas na nfever nof nunknown norigin.
nThe nprescriber nhas nordered na nbroad-spectrum nantibiotic. nWhich nintervention nis nthe npriority? n-
nCORRECT nANSWER-Obtaining nall ncultures nbefore nthe nantibiotic nis nadministered n
n
The nnurse nis nteaching na nnursing nstudent nabout nthe nmechanism nby nwhich nantimicrobial nagents
nachieve nselective ntoxicity. nWhich nstatement nby nthe nstudent nindicates na nneed nfor nfurther nteaching?
n- nCORRECT nANSWER-"Some nagents ncause nphagocytosis nof nbacterial ncells." n
n
A nchild nhas nreceived namoxicillin n[Amoxil] nfor nthree nprevious near ninfections, nbut na ncurrent notitis
nmedia nepisode nis nnot nresponding nto ntreatment. nThe nnurse ncaring nfor nthis nchild nsuspects nthat
nresistance nto nthe nbacterial nagent nhas noccurred nby nwhich nmicrobial nmechanism? n- nCORRECT
nANSWER-Drug ninactivation n
n
A nnursing nstudent nasks na nnurse nto nclarify nthe ndifferences nbetween nthe nmechanisms nof nspontaneous
nmutation nand nconjugation nin nacquired nresistance nof nmicrobes. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse nsay? n-
nCORRECT nANSWER-Spontaneous nmutation nleads nto nresistance nto nonly none nantimicrobial nagent. n
n
A npatient nhas na nviral nsinus ninfection, nand nthe nprovider ntells nthe npatient nthat nantibiotics nwill nnot nbe
nprescribed. nThe npatient nwants nto ntake nan nantibiotic nand nasks nthe nnurse nwhat npossible nharm ncould
noccur nby ntaking nan nantibiotic. nWhich nresponse nby nthe nnurse nis ncorrect? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-"Even
nnormal nflora ncan ndevelop nresistance nand ntransfer nthis nto npathogens." n
n
A nrecent ncampaign, ninitiated nby nthe nCenters nfor nDisease nControl n(CDC), nto ndelay nthe nemergence nof
nantibiotic nresistance nin nhospitals, nhas nwhat nas none nof nits nobjectives? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-
Increased nadherence nto nprescribed nantibiotics n
n
A npatient nhas na nlocalized nskin ninfection, nwhich nis nmost nlikely ncaused nby na ngram-positive ncocci. nUntil
nthe nculture nand nsensitivity nresults nare navailable, nthe nnurse nwill nexpect nthe nprovider nto norder na
n____-spectrum n____ nagent. n- nCORRECT nANSWER-narrow; ntopical n
,n
A nparent nasks na nnurse nif nthe nprovider nwill nprescribe nan nantibiotic nfor na nchild nwho nattends nschool
nwith nseveral nchildren nwho nhave nstrep nthroat. nThe nchild nis ncomplaining nof na nsore nthroat nand nhas na
nfever. nWhat nwill nbe nthe nnurse's nresponse n- nCORRECT nANSWER-"Your nchild nshould ncome nto nthe
nclinic nto nhave na nthroat nculture ndone ntoday." n
n
n nolder nadult npatient nwith nchronic nobstructive npulmonary ndisease n(COPD) ndevelops nbronchitis. nThe
npatient nhas na ntemperature nof n39.5°C. nThe nnurse nwill nexpect nthe nprovider nto: n- nCORRECT nANSWER-
order nempiric nantibiotics nwhile nwaiting nfor nsputum nculture nresults. n
n
Which npatients nshould nbe ngiven nantibiotics nprophylactically? n(Select nall nthat napply.) n- nCORRECT
nANSWER-
Patients nwith ncertain ncongenital nheart ndefects nat nrisk nfor nbacterial nendocarditis
Patients nwith ncompound nfractures nundergoing nsurgical nrepair n
n
n
Which nare nbenefits nof nusing na ncombination nof ntwo nor nmore nantibiotics? n(Select nall nthat napply.) n-
nCORRECT n
ANSWER-Reduced ntoxicity n
Reduced nresistance n
Reduced nrisk nin nsevere ninfection n
n
The nnurse nis nteaching na npharmacology nrefresher ncourse nto na ngroup nof nnurses. nA nstudent nasks nwhat
nhost nfactors naffect nthe nchoice nof nagents nin nantimicrobial ntherapy. nThe nnurse nwill ntell nthe nstudents
nthat nsuch nhost nfactors ninclude nwhat? n(Select nall nthat napply.) n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Age n
Immune nsystem nstatus n
Infection nsite n
n
A nnurse ntranscribes na nnew nprescription nfor npotassium npenicillin nG ngiven nintravenously n(IV) nevery n8
nhours nand ngentamicin ngiven nIV nevery n12 nhours. nWhich nis nthe nbest nschedule nfor nadministering
nthese ndrugs? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Give nthe npenicillin nat n0800, n1600, nand n2400; ngive nthe
ngentamicin n[Garamycin] nat n1800 nand n0600. n
n
,A nnurse nassisting na nnursing nstudent nwith nmedications nasks nthe nstudent nto ndescribe nhow npenicillins
n(PCNs) nwork nto ntreat nbacterial ninfections. nThe nstudent nis ncorrect nin nresponding nthat npenicillins: n-
nCORRECT nANSWER-disrupt nbacterial ncell nwall nsynthesis. n
n
A nchild nwith notitis nmedia nhas nhad nthree near ninfections nin nthe npast nyear. nThe nchild nhas njust
ncompleted na n10day ncourse nof namoxicillin n[Amoxil] nwith nno nimprovement. nThe nparent nasks nthe
nnurse nwhy nthis ndrug nis nnot nworking, nbecause nit nhas nworked nin nthe npast. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse ntell
nthe npatient? n- nCORRECT nANSWER"The nbacteria nhave nsynthesized npenicillinase." n
n
A nchild nwith nan near ninfection nis nnot nresponding nto ntreatment nwith namoxicillin n[Amoxil]. nThe nnurse
nwill nexpect nthe nprovider nto norder: n- nCORRECT nANSWER-amoxicillin-clavulanic nacid n[Augmentin]. n
n
A npatient nis nreceiving nintravenous npotassium npenicillin nG, n2 nmillion nunits nto nbe nadministered nover
n1 nhour. nAt n1900, nthe nnurse nnotes nthat nthe ndose nhung nat n1830 nhas ninfused ncompletely. nWhat nwill
nthe nnurse ndo? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Request nan norder nfor nserum nelectrolytes nand ncardiac
nmonitoring. n
n
A npatient nis nabout nto nreceive npenicillin nG nfor nan ninfection nthat nis nhighly nsensitive nto nthis ndrug.
nWhile nobtaining nthe npatient's nmedication nhistory, nthe nnurse nlearns nthat nthe npatient nexperienced na
nrash nwhen ngiven namoxicillin n[Amoxil] nas na nchild n20 nyears nearlier. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse ndo? n-
nCORRECT nANSWERRequest nan norder nfor na nskin ntest nto nassess nthe ncurrent nrisk. n
n
A npatient nwith nno nknown ndrug nallergies nis nreceiving namoxicillin n[Amoxil] nPO ntwice ndaily. nTwenty
nminutes nafter nbeing ngiven na ndose, nthe npatient ncomplains nof nshortness nof nbreath. nThe npatient's
nblood npressure nis n100/58 nmm nHg. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse ndo? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Contact nthe
nprovider nand nprepare nto nadminister nepinephrine n
n
A npatient nhas nan ninfection ncaused nby nStreptococcus npyogenes. nThe nprescriber nhas nordered
ndicloxacillin nPO. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse ndo? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Question nthe nneed nfor na
npenicillinase-resistant npenicillin. n
n
The nparent nof nan ninfant nwith notitis nmedia nasks nthe nnurse nwhy nthe nprescriber nhas nordered
namoxicillin n[Amoxil] nand nnot nampicillin n[Unasyn]. nWhat nwill nthe nnurse ntell nthe nparent? n- nCORRECT
nANSWER-Ampicillin nis nnot nas nacid nstable nas namoxicillin. n
n
A npatient nwith nan ninfection ncaused nby nPseudomonas naeruginosa nis nbeing ntreated nwith npiperacillin.
nThe nnurse nproviding ncare nreviews nthe npatient's nlaboratory nreports nand nnotes nthat nthe npatient's
, blood nurea nnitrogen nand nserum ncreatinine nlevels nare nelevated. nThe nnurse nwill ncontact nthe nprovider
n
to ndiscuss: n- nCORRECT nANSWER-reducing nthe ndose nof npiperacillin. n
n
n
A nnurse nis ndiscussing nmethicillin-resistant nStaphylococcus naureus n(MRSA) nwith na ngroup nof nnursing
nstudents. nWhich nstatement nby na nstudent ncorrectly nidentifies nthe nbasis nfor nMRSA nresistance? n-
nCORRECT n
ANSWER-"MRSA nbacteria nhave ndeveloped nPBPs nwith na nlow naffinity nfor npenicillins." n
n
A nnurse nis npreparing nto nadminister nintramuscular npenicillin nto na npatient nwho nis ninfected nwith nT.
npallidum nand nnotes nthat nthe norder nis nfor nsodium npenicillin nG. nWhich naction nis ncorrect? n- nCORRECT
nANSWER-Contact nthe nprovider nto ndiscuss nchanging nthe ndrug nto nbenzathine npenicillin nG. n
n
Which norganisms ncan nbe ntreated nwith npenicillin nG n(Benzylpenicillin)? n(Select nall nthat napply.) n-
nCORRECT n
ANSWER-Neisseria nmeningitidis n
Streptococcus npyogenes n
Treponema npallidum n
n
A nnursing nstudent nwants nto nknow nthe ndifferences nbetween nhospital-associated nmethicillin-resistant
nStaphylococcus naureus n(HA-MRSA) nand ncommunity-associated nmethicillin-resistant nStaphylococcus
naureus n(CA-MRSA). nWhich nstatements nabout nCA-MRSA nare ntrue? n(Select nall nthat napply.) n- nCORRECT
nANSWER-20% nto n30% nof nthe ngeneral npopulation nare ncolonized nwith nCA-MRSA. n
Boils ncaused nby nCA-MRSA ncan nbe ntreated nwithout nantibiotics. n
CA-MRSA nis nless ndangerous nthan nHA-MRSA. n
n
A npatient nwho nis nreceiving na nfinal ndose nof nintravenous n(IV) ncephalosporin nbegins nto ncomplain nof
npain nand nirritation nat nthe ninfusion nsite. nThe nnurse nobserves nsigns nof nredness nat nthe nIV ninsertion
nsite nand nalong nthe nvein. nWhat nis nthe nnurse's npriority naction? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Select nan
nalternate nintravenous nsite nand nadminister nthe ninfusion nmore nslowly. n
n
Which ncephalosporin nmay nbe nused nto ntreat nmeningitis? n- nCORRECT nANSWER-Cefotaxime n
n
A nwoman ncomplains nof nburning non nurination nand nincreased nfrequency. nThe npatient nhas na nhistory
nof nfrequent nurinary ntract ninfections n(UTIs) nand nis ngoing nout nof ntown nin n2 ndays. nTo ntreat nthe
